HPLC法测定含化上清片中白花前胡甲素和白花前胡乙素的含量

目的建立含化上清片中白花前胡甲素和白花前胡乙素含量测定的高效液相色谱方法。方法色谱柱为Agilent C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-水(75∶25);流速为1.0mL·min-1;检测波长为321nm;柱温为30℃。结果白花前胡甲素质量浓度在10.13~200.26μg·mL-1范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 2),加样回收率为98.9%,RSD为0.46%(n=6);白花前胡乙素质量浓度在10.36~200.72μg·mL-1范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 1),加样回收率为98.6%,RSD为0.55%(n=6)。结论该方法简单、准确、重复性好,可用于含化上清片中白花前胡甲素和白花前胡乙素的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定云南不同产地白花丹的不同部位中白花丹醌的含量

目的:建立白花丹药材中白花丹醌的反相高效液相色谱测定方法,以分别考察云南不同产地白花丹药材的不同部位中白花丹醌的含量。方法:色谱柱为 Kromasil C_(18)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(70:30),流速为1.0mL·min~(-1),检测波长为254 nm,柱温为25℃。结果:白花丹醌在25.3～253μg·mL~(-1)范围内,具有良好的线性关系,r=0.9998;平均回收率为99.0%,RSD=1.4%(n=6)。不同产地白花丹药材地上部分的白花丹醌含量分别为0.046%(嘎洒),0.079%(勐养),0.134%(嘎东),0.032%(曼东),0.047%(曼阁),0.057%(曼老);根部的白花丹醌含量分别为0.842%(嘎洒),1.04%(勐养),1.44%(嘎东),0.763%(曼东),0.639%(曼阁),1.97%(曼老)。结论:本法简便、准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,可用于控制白花丹药材质量。     

高效液相色谱法测定龙胆泻肝汤颗粒中龙胆苦苷含量

目的 建立测定龙胆泻肝汤颗粒中龙胆苦苷含量的高效液相色谱法.方法 采用Diamonsil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6mm,5 μm),以甲醇-水(21:79)为流动相,检测波长为270 mm,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为40℃.结果 龙胆苦苷选样量在20.42～61.26μg范围内与峰面积有良好的线性关系(r=0.996 9),平均回收率为98.17%,RSD为0.6%(n=6).结论 该方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于龙胆泻肝汤颗粒制荆的质量控制.     

高效液相色谱法测定龙胆搽剂中龙胆苦苷的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定龙胆搽剂中龙胆苦苷含量的方法.方法:Intersil C18分析色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相:甲醇-10%甲醇(30:70),流速:0.8 mL·min-1,检测波长:270 nm.结果:龙胆苦苷的理论塔板数为4 500.龙胆苦苷回归方程Y=7.2×10-8 X 2.7×10,r=0.999 9,线性范围1.46～5.84μg.龙胆苦苷平均回收率为99.64%(n=5),RSD为2.32%.结论:该法操作简便,结果准确,可用于测定龙胆搽剂中龙胆苦苷的含量.     

HPLC法同时测定复方龙胆碳酸氢钠片中3种龙胆特征性成分的含量

摘要：目的:建立HPLC法同时测定复方龙胆碳酸氢钠片中马钱苷酸、龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苷3种龙胆特征性成分的含量。方法:采用HPLC法,色谱柱:Techmate C18柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）;流动相:0.1%磷酸溶液-乙腈,梯度洗脱;检测波长:240nm;柱温:35℃;流速:1.0 ml·min-1;进样量:20μl。结果:马钱苷酸、龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苷线性浓度范围分别为0.302～120.873μg·ml-1（r=0.999 9）,0.302～120.926μg·ml-1（r=0.999 8）,0.275～110.152μg·ml-1（r=0.999 9）,加样回收率分别为98.48%（RSD=1.2%,n=6）,98.06%（RSD=0.9%,n=6）,95.61%（RSD=0.9%,n=6）。结论:该方法专属性强,准确性好,灵敏度高,可用于同时测定复方龙胆碳酸氢钠片中3种龙胆特征性成分。     

HPLC法测定龙胆泻肝丸中龙胆苦苷的含量

目的:建立以高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定龙胆泻肝丸中龙胆苦苷含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为VP-ODS(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(15∶85),检测波长为270nm,流速为1.0mL·min-1,柱温为25℃。结果:龙胆苦苷进样量在0.3554～5.331μg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系(r=0.9998);平均回收率为100.05%,RSD=2.2%(n=6)。结论:本方法简便、快速、准确,可用于龙胆泻肝丸的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定胃宁散中龙胆苦苷的含量

目的:采用高效液相色谱法测定胃宁散中龙胆苦苷的含量.方法:色谱柱:Diamansil C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-水(30:70);检测波长:270nm.结果:龙胆苦苷进样量在0.17Z～1.51μg范围内,呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率为98.3%,RSD=1.2%(n=5).结论:本法简便、灵敏、准确,可作为该制剂的质量控制方法.     

龙胆泻肝胶囊中龙胆苦苷与栀子苷的含量测定

目的建立同时测定龙胆泻肝胶囊中龙胆苦苷和栀子苷含量的高效液相分析法。方法采用WatersSunfire C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);乙腈和0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱;流速:1.0 mL.min-1;柱温:25℃;检测波长:237和270 nm。结果龙胆苦苷在0.285 8～1.429 0μg(r=0.999 9)、栀子苷在0.402 0～2.010 0μg(r=0.999 8)范围内呈良好的线性关系;龙胆苦苷回收率98.99%(RSD=1.20%),栀子苷回收率99.08%(RSD=0.94%)。结论该方法简便、准确,重复性好,可用于同时测定龙胆泻肝胶囊中栀子苷和龙胆苦苷含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定龙脷叶中山柰酚-3-O-龙胆二糖苷的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定龙脷叶中山柰酚-3-O-龙胆二糖苷的含量。方法色谱柱为Inersil ODS-3 C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.4%磷酸溶液(48∶52),检测波长为349nm,柱温为35℃,流速为1.0 mL·min-1。结果山柰酚-3-O-龙胆二糖苷在0.110 8¹.108 0μg与峰面积线性关系良好(r=1.000)。平均加样回收率为103.3%,RSD为1.2%(n=6)。结论所建立方法操作简便,准确可靠,可用于龙脷叶的质量控制。     

RP-HPLC测定注射用复方甘草酸苷中甘草酸铵含量和有关物质

目的:采用高效液相色谱法测定注射用复方甘草酸苷中甘草酸铵的含量和有关物质。方法:采用 Symmetry C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),以2%醋酸-乙腈(65:35)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL·min~(-1),检测波长为256 nm,进样量为20μL。结果:甘草酸铵线性范围为40～400μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9999),最小检测量为6.23 ng。结论:本法精密度好,结果准确、可靠、灵敏,可用于注射用复方甘草酸苷含量测定和有关物质检查。     

Deamination of beta-phenylethylamine by monoamine oxidase--inhibition by imipramine

The oxidative deamination of tyramine (Tyr), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and β-phenylethylamine (PEA) by mitochondrial preparations of rabbit lung and brain was inhibited by imipramine. This tricyclic iminodibenzyl antidepressant drug was most effective in decreasing the deamination of PEA: at 1 × 10^?4M imipramine, deamination of PEA, Tyr and 5-HT was inhibited by approximately 70, 45 and 45 per cent, respectively, when either lung or brain mitochondrial monoamine oxidase (MAO) preparations were used. Imipramine-induced inhibition of MAO was shown to be of a mixed type based on Lineweaver-Burk plots, but was found to be completely reversible. The desmcthyl and didesmethyl derivatives of imipramine were equally as effective as the parent drug in inhibiting the deamination of PEA, whereas the N-oxide analog of imipramine was less effective as an inhibitor of this reaction. These results support the premise that the action of imipramine as a clinically effective antidepressive agent may be related to its inhibitory effect on the specific form of MAO which deaminates PEA.     

Augmentation by serrapeptase of tissue permeation by cefotiam

Cefotiam (CTM) is a new cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Cephalosporins are widely used for prophylaxis of infections in patients undergoing thoracotomy. Augmentation by serrapeptase on tissue permeation of CTM was examined in 35 thoracotomy patients with lung cancer. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the method of the administration of CTM. Group I consisted of 17 subjects, each of whom received a single dose of 2 g of CTM alone by an instillation for 30 minutes. Group II consisted of 18 subjects, each of whom received a combination of CTM and serrapeptase; serrapeptase was given 2 tablets (10 mg) each time for three times/day until the day before surgery, and then CTM was administered by the same procedure. The following results were obtained: Individual difference was observed for the permeation of CTM into tissues. Pathologic differences also affected the permeation. Nevertheless, the CTM levels in pulmonary tissues reached about a half of those in the blood in both the single dose group and the combination group, hence sufficient concentrations exceeding MIC80 for main microorganisms that caused infections in the lung were obtained. The concentrations of CTM in inflammatory tissues have showed lower levels than those of normal tissues in both CTM single dose and the combination groups. Decrease of blood flow volume may have contributed to the reduction in levels of CTM in the inflammatory tissues. The ratio of the concentration of the drug in pulmonary tissues to that in the blood was 29.1 +/- 2.5% in the single dose group, and 44.2 +/- 6.0% in the combination group, the latter showing quite a significant increase (P less than 0.05). Combined administrations of CTM and serrapeptase deserves more trials in the case when surgical treatments of the lung are performed. An antiinflammatory effect of serrapeptase in the respiratory system is expected, and in addition, the combined use of CTM and serrapeptase should stimulate permeation of the antibiotic into tissues.     

Antagonism of morphine by beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and by tetracosactin

Using the decerebrate—spinal Lloyd preparation morphine depressed evoked mono- and polysynaptic reflex activity, β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone enhanced monosynaptic reflex activity, and tetracosactin had no effect. When morphine injection was preceded either by β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone or by tetracosactin a statistically significant depression was not observed. The stimulant actions of β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone did not appear to account for its capacity to antagonize morphine. The fall of blood pressure which follows the administration of morphine in this preparation was not antagonized by the prior administration of either polypeptide.     

Analgesia induced by brief footshock is inhibited by 5-hydroxytryptamine but unaffected by antagonists of 5-hydroxytryptamine or by naloxone

Exposure to footshock (1 mA) for 30 sec induced a marked analgesia that was enhanced by pretreatment with the 5HT synthesis inhibitor, p-chlorophenylalanine, and attenuated by the 5HT releasing drugs p-chloroamphetamine and fenfluramine, by the 5HT re-uptake inhibitor, fluoxetine and by the 5HT agonists, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and MK212. However, agonists, quipazine and trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine, with greated reported affinities for 5HT binding sites on rat brain membranes than MK212 were without effect as were the antagonists metergoline, methysergide, cyproheptadine, mianserine and methiothepin. The specific opioid antagonist naloxone was also without effect. The results in general indicate that analgesia induced by brief footshock (1 mA, 30 sec) is inversely related to 5HT availability but thereis little evidence of involvement of known 5HT receptors.     

Synergism by caffeine and by cocaine of the motor control deficit produced by midazolam

To evaluate the effects of caffeine and cocaine on the impairment of discriminative motor control produced by midazolam, rats were trained to hold a force transducer operated with a paw so that it remained between upper and lower limits of a force band for a continuous 1.5-s period to deliver each food pellet. Acute doses of 3 mg/kg midazolam SC impaired motor performance. Except for one animal, caffeine (10-40 mg/kg IP) had little or no effect on performance, while cocaine (3.75-22.5 mg/kg IP) produced dose-related impairment. When each dose of caffeine was combined with 3 mg/kg midazolam, a marked synergism in motor performance impairment occurred. Cocaine plus midazolam produced mainly an additive synergism. The conspicuous synergistic action of caffeine on the motor control deficit produced by midazolam contrasts with the typical antagonism found between the benzodiazepines and methylxanthines when performance is evaluated by psychomotor tests not requiring fine motor control.     

The inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase of rabbit platelets by aspirin is prevented by salicylic acid and by phenanthrolines.

Salicylic acid, 1,10- and 1,7-phenanthroline prevented inhibition by aspirin of platelet aggregation and of generation of thromboxane A2 due to arachidonic acid, to the ionophore A21387, to thrombin and to collagen. Dithiothreitol, another drug which prevents aggregation and formation of thromboxane A2, but only reversibly, failed to interfere with the inhibition by aspirin. Irreversible inhibition by indomethacin and by the substrate analogue 5,8,11,14-tetraynoic acid was also unaffected by salicylic acid or by 1,10-phenanthroline, which thus probably exert a specific interaction with the aspirin-binding site. Inactivation of platelet cyclo-oxygenase with arachidonic acid led to inhibition of the formation of thromboxane A2 and of aggregation due to arachidonic acid itself and to collagen, but barely affected aggregation by thrombin, even though generation of thromboxane A2 was blocked. Use of salicylic acid and of reversible inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenase may help to unravel the mechanism of inhibition due to other agents.     

冠舒注射液的薄层色谱鉴别及含量测定

报道了冠舒注射液中葛根和元胡的薄层色谱鉴别结果，方法简便。并用分光光度法对其总黄酮的含量进行了测定，以便控制产品质量，结果可靠、重现性好．三批样品含量分别为８．７８３、７．９０６和８．１３４ｍｇ／ｍｌ。     

Dose-dependent reductions by naloxone of analgesia induced by cold-water stress

Animals exposed to cold-water swims, rotation, or inescapable shocks, display analgesia comparable to that of 10 mg/kg of morphine. The present study investigated whether a narcotic antagonist would eliminate analgesia induced by cold-water swims. In one group of 12 rats, naloxone at 0, 1, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg was administered at weekly intervals immediately preceding forced cold-water swims (2°C for 3.5 min) and alterations in flinch-jump thresholds were determined 30 min thereafter. In a second group of six rats, the effects of the same dose range of naloxone were determined upon normal flinch-jump thresholds. Naloxone dose-dependently attenuated the cold-water swim-induced analgesia up to a maximal reduction of 50% at 20 mg/kg. In contrast, all doses of naloxone had no effects upon normal flinch-jump thresholds. Since low doses of naloxone completely abolish morphine-induced analgesia, the present data suggest that the analgesia induced by stress is not identical to that of opiates.