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目的探讨儿童腹型过敏性紫癜(HSP)的临床表现、内镜改变及病理组织学特点。方法回顾分析2011年6月至2016年6月住院治疗的151例以腹痛为首发主要表现的HSP患儿的临床资料。结果 151例HSP患儿,男87例、女64例,年龄4.8~11.5岁。所有患儿均有腹痛,皮肤紫癜100例(66.22%)、呕吐72例(47.68%)、呕血59例(39.07%)、便血44例(29.13%),伴关节肿痛8例(5.29%)。114例(75.49%)外周血白细胞增高、48例(31.78%)C反应蛋白升高、21例(13.90%)白蛋白降低。49例(32.45%)患儿B超示局限性肠壁增厚。96例患儿行胃镜检查,主要表现为,点片状出血、红斑89例(92.70%),糜烂或溃疡伴出血68例(70.83%),淤斑37例(38.54%),血肿样突起13例(8.60%);十二指肠降部病变最常见且最严重,其次为胃窦部、十二指肠球部。病理组织学呈毛细血管炎表现37例,伴幽门螺杆菌感染10例。55例患儿行肠镜检查,主要表现为点片状出血、红斑49例(89.09%),糜烂或多发溃疡伴出血27例(49.09%);回肠末端病变最常见且最严重,其次为直肠。结论儿童腹型HSP的临床表现多样,常累及十二指肠降部、回肠末端,内镜检查对儿童腹型HSP诊断有价值。 相似文献
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过敏性紫癜是儿童时期最常见的一种以小血管炎为主要病变的血管炎性疾病。以消化道症状为主要临床表现的称为腹型过敏性紫癜,部分患儿在皮肤紫癜前出现腹部症状,甚至病程中始终无皮肤紫癜,这部分患儿极易误诊。现就腹型过敏性紫癜的临床诊治进展作一综述。 相似文献
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腹型过敏性紫癜患儿的临床、内镜及病理学特点 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
目的研究腹型过敏性紫癜患儿的临床表现、内镜及病理学特点,以提高对腹型过敏性紫癜的诊断水平。方法以浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院2002年1月-2007年5月住院的57例行上消化道内镜检查时未出现皮肤紫癜患儿为研究对象,回顾性分析腹型过敏性紫癜患儿的临床、内镜及病理学资料。结果消化道症状主要为腹痛46例(80.7%)、呕吐32例(56.1%)、便血11例(19.3%)、腹泻4例(7.0%)、腹胀1例(1.8%);同时伴关节肿痛3例(5.3%)。实验室检查主要为外周血白细胞增高(33例,57.9%),1/5左右的病例出现C反应蛋白升高、白蛋白降低或腹腔积液情况。内镜下主要表现37例为略高出黏膜的点状出血和淤斑或成片状(64.9%),14例出现糜烂或多发溃疡伴出血(24.6%),4例颗粒状或结节状增生(7.0%),弥漫性出血2例(3.5%)。病变在十二指肠降段出现率最高且最严重(55例,96.5%),其次为十二指肠球部(32例,56.1%)、胃(18例,31.6%),食道较少(1例,1.8%)。组织病理学呈毛细血管炎表现,3例(5.3%)的患儿同时伴幽门螺杆菌感染。49例(86.0%)患儿在内镜检查后1~7d内出现皮肤紫癜,8例至出院未出现皮肤紫癜,其中2例失访,6例(10.5%)随访至今(1~5年)未见皮肤紫癜。结论十二指肠降部病变在腹型过敏性紫癜极其常见,上消化道内镜检查对腹型过敏性紫癜有极高的诊断价值。 相似文献
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<正>患儿,男,10岁,因反复左下腹痛4 d入院,入院前4 d无明显诱因出现左下腹疼痛,性质不清,进食即呕吐,非喷射性,呕吐物为胃内容物,在外院抗感染等治疗3 d,仍有间歇性腹痛,无皮疹、发热、血便等。否认近日呼吸道感染及药物、食物过敏史,否认 相似文献
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腹型过敏性紫癜的临床特点分析 总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28
目的:探讨腹型过敏性紫癜的临床特点。方法:采用回顾性方法总结29例腹型过敏性紫癜的临床表现,发作特点及预后。结果:腹型过敏性紫癜以腹痛为主要临床表现,腹痛剧烈,部位不固定,反复发作次数及病程均较对照组明显增多和延长(均P<0.01),合并消化道出血占89.7%,并发紫癜性肾炎的例数与对照组比较无差异。结论:腹型过敏性紫癜是常见的发作类型,以腹痛为主要表现,严重者表现剧烈腹痛,常合并消化道出血,病程较长,但预后良好。 相似文献
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丙种球蛋白冲击治疗儿童腹型过敏性紫癜疗效观察 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
目的 探讨大剂量丙种球蛋白冲击治疗腹型过敏性紫癜(HSP)的疗效。方法 33 例腹型HSP患儿随机分为地塞米松组(15 例)和丙种球蛋白组(18 例)。地塞米松组患儿采用地塞米松和常规治疗方法进行治疗;丙种球蛋白组患儿在常规治疗基础上,给予大剂量丙种球蛋白冲击治疗。观察两组患儿临床疗效和复发率。结果 丙种球蛋白组患儿皮疹开始和完全消退时间、腹痛缓解和血便消失时间明显短于地塞米松组(P P > 0.05);丙种球蛋白组患儿有效率(95%)明显高于地塞米松组(65%),差异有统计学意义(P P 结论 大剂量丙种球蛋白冲击治疗腹型HSP 症状缓解快、有效率高、复发率低。 相似文献
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腹型过敏性紫癜患儿胃镜表现及临床特点 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
目的探讨腹型过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿胃镜表现及其与临床的关系,以期提高对腹型HSP的认识。方法将腹型HSP患儿26例进行胃镜检查,并取黏膜送病理检查,分析其胃镜表现与临床的关系。结果胃镜下26例患儿胃及十二指肠黏膜均有改变。其中十二指肠球部及降部轻度充血水肿19例,明显充血水肿7例;出血糜烂灶2例;多发浅表性溃疡4例;胆汁返流9例;幽门螺杆菌感染1例。病变以黏膜渗出、糜烂、出血为主要特征。病理示黏膜固有层局灶性毛细血管炎性灶,可见炎性细胞浸润。结论腹型HSP儿童胃肠道受累可出现于皮肤紫癜前,病变以胃、十二指肠降部出现率最高,病变最严重,胃镜检查可提高对腹型HSP的认识。 相似文献
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目的 探讨腹型过敏性紫癜患儿合理有效的肠内营养方案.方法 回顾性分析我院2013年8月至2018年8月间腹型过敏性紫癜住院患儿的临床资料;根据腹痛缓解后开始肠内营养时间不同分为<24 h组(n=68)、24 h~ 组(n=64)、48~72 h组(n=60),根据引入肠内营养种类不同分为氨基酸配方组(n=53)、乳蛋白... 相似文献
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目的总结儿童腹型过敏性紫癜的诊疗经验,提高早期诊断率。方法对52例以腹痛为首发症状的腹型过敏性紫癜患儿的发病特点及临床表现进行回顾性分析。结果本组病例有如下临床特点:①上呼吸道感染是最常见的诱因。②均以腹痛为首发症状,腹部体查无明显腹肌紧张及固定压痛点,腹部体征与腹痛剧烈程度不平行。③皮肤紫癜多于48h内出现,皮肤紫癜出现后可以明确诊断,经激素等综合治疗后,52例患儿1~3d腹痛明显缓解;皮肤紫癜出现前,需及时行内镜及腹部B超等检查,综合分析临床特点,反复评估病情。结论提高对腹型紫癜的认识,详细询问病史及全面体查,并结合合理的辅助检查,可以及早诊断本病,从而给予早期治疗。 相似文献
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Henoch-Schönlein purpura with hypocomplementemia in children 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
BACKGROUND: The clinical course and prognosis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) associated with hypocomplementemia are not clear. METHODS: The clinical findings of 10 children with HSP and hypocomplementemia were studied. RESULTS: Purpuric rash in all patients, abdominal pain in five, and arthralgia in nine were noted. The findings in HSP were not different from others with HSP. In eight patients, infection preceded hypocomplementemia. Serum levels of CH50, C3 or C4 were depressed variously. Complement levels returned to normal within 5 weeks in all patients. Antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titer was elevated in all patients and nephritis occurred in eight patients. Six patients had generalized edema and hypertension. Macroscopic hematuria occurred in two patients and heavy proteinuria in five patients. One patient was diagnosed as having poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis (PSAGN) combined with HSP nephritis according to renal biopsy findings. In three of eight patients with nephritis, abnormal urinary findings continued for more than 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Hypocomplementemia in children with HSP was transient and was not related to severity of HSP. Incidences of elevated ASO titer and nephritis were high. The nephritis resembled PSAGN during the acute stage and long-term clinical courses varied. These findings suggest PSAGN may be associated with HSP nephritis. 相似文献
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Radovan Bogdanovi 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》2009,98(12):1882-1889
Aim: To identify risk factors for a child with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) either to develop nephritis (HSPN) or to contract progressive course and to obtain the currently available evidence on the efficacy of treatment options in both preventing and treating the established renal disease.
Method: Review of the literature published over the last two decades.
Results: Persistent or recurrent purpura, severe abdominal symptoms and an older age proved as the most significant risk factors for later HSPN. The risks of long-term renal impairment are the highest in children having at presentation nephritic/nephrotic syndrome and/or more than 50% of glomeruli occupied by large crescents or sclerosing lesions. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) do not support short course prednisone at presentation of HSP in preventing persistent renal disease. Many uncontrolled studies using various treatment regimens have reported outcomes considered better than expected. However, the data from RCTs are sparse and no treatment options for the established renal disease can be currently recommended based on RCTs.
Conclusion: Severity and/or duration of extrarenal HSP symptoms and an older age are the most significant risk factors for developing HSPN, whereas clinical and histological severity at HSPN onset are in general predictive of a long-term renal impairment. The existing evidence does not support of short course prednisone in preventing persistent renal disease. A well-designed RCTs are needed in children with moderately severe or rapidly progressive (crescentic) HSPN. 相似文献
Method: Review of the literature published over the last two decades.
Results: Persistent or recurrent purpura, severe abdominal symptoms and an older age proved as the most significant risk factors for later HSPN. The risks of long-term renal impairment are the highest in children having at presentation nephritic/nephrotic syndrome and/or more than 50% of glomeruli occupied by large crescents or sclerosing lesions. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) do not support short course prednisone at presentation of HSP in preventing persistent renal disease. Many uncontrolled studies using various treatment regimens have reported outcomes considered better than expected. However, the data from RCTs are sparse and no treatment options for the established renal disease can be currently recommended based on RCTs.
Conclusion: Severity and/or duration of extrarenal HSP symptoms and an older age are the most significant risk factors for developing HSPN, whereas clinical and histological severity at HSPN onset are in general predictive of a long-term renal impairment. The existing evidence does not support of short course prednisone in preventing persistent renal disease. A well-designed RCTs are needed in children with moderately severe or rapidly progressive (crescentic) HSPN. 相似文献
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儿童过敏性紫癜325例回顾性分析 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
目的 了解儿童过敏性紫癜(HSP)的临床特点,以提高对本病的认识,并指导临床诊治。方法 收集2012 年6 月至2014 年6 月诊断为HSP 的325 例住院患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 325 例患儿中,春季和冬季发病人数较多,分别占33.8% 和27.4%;感染为诱发HSP 的主要因素(57.2%);紫癜伴发腹部症状和紫癜伴发关节及腹部症状的患儿肾脏损害发生率分别为60.3% 和48.9%,与单纯紫癜患儿相比差异有统计学意义(P+ 降低。结论 HSP 发病以冬春季节好发,感染为主要诱因,合并消化道症状者更易发生肾脏损害,肾脏损害的病理分级以Ⅲ a 和Ⅲ b 居多。 相似文献
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Peter Trnka 《Journal of paediatrics and child health》2013,49(12):995-1003
Henoch–Schönlein purpura is the most common systemic vasculitis of childhood. In the majority of children, the outcome of Henoch–Schönlein purpura is excellent with spontaneous resolution of symptoms and signs. However, a small subset of patients will develop long‐term sequelae in the form of chronic kidney disease. While the clinical presentation and diagnosis of Henoch–Schönlein purpura is straightforward, treatment of Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis and long‐term renal outcomes of more severely affected children are less certain. This review article gives a general overview of Henoch–Schönlein purpura with emphasis on recently published information, including the new classification of childhood vasculitis, insights into pathogenesis of Henoch–Schönlein purpura and a summary of various treatments of established Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis. 相似文献
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紫癜性肾炎(HSPN)是儿童期最常见的继发性肾小球肾炎,尽管大部分患者预后良好,但仍也有少数患者可进展为终末期肾病,因此,探讨HSPN的综合治疗方案对改善患儿的预后具有重要的临床意义.现主要分析国内外近年来HSPN的综合治疗进展,包括糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂(环磷酰胺、霉酚酸酯、环孢素/他克莫司、咪唑立宾、雷公藤总苷)、血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂/血管紧张素受体拮抗剂、扁桃体切除、血浆置换等措施的临床疗效及不良反应,为临床HSPN患者的治疗提供依据和帮助. 相似文献
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过敏性紫癜是儿童常见的一种免疫介导性小血管炎,主要是由于机体对某种物质过敏而引发的变态反应,使得毛细血管壁的通透性和脆性增高,进而累及全身多个脏器系统,但引起急性胰腺炎者较为罕见.为了提高对该并发症的认知水平,现回顾分析我院近10年收治的16例过敏性紫癜并发急性胰腺炎患儿的临床特点、诊治方案和预后. 相似文献
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目的探讨血清维生素D水平与过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿病情及治疗的关系。方法选取2015年1~12月第1次诊断为HSP的患儿50例为HSP组,以49例健康儿童作为健康对照组。空腹采集两组儿童血清,采用ELISA法检测血清25羟基维生素D_3[25-(OH)D_3]水平。根据25-(OH)D_3检测结果将HSP患儿进一步分为维生素D正常组(20 ng/m L)(n=9)、不足组(15 ng/m L~20 ng/m L)(n=15)、缺乏组(≤15 ng/m L)(n=25)、严重缺乏组(≤5 ng/m L)(n=1)。收集HSP患儿的一般资料、临床表现、激素治疗情况、入院前病程及住院天数进行分析比较。结果 HSP组患儿血清25-(OH)D_3水平(16±6 ng/m L)低于健康对照组(29±5 ng/m L)(P0.01)。与正常组+不足组患儿[25-(OH)D_315 ng/m L]相比,缺乏组+严重缺乏组患儿[25-(OH)D_3≤15 ng/m L]肾脏受累发生率、激素使用率均增高(P0.05),中位住院天数延长(P0.05),但入院前病程差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 HSP患儿血清25-(OH)D_3水平低,低血清25-(OH)D_3水平HSP患儿肾脏受累风险及激素使用率增高,住院时间延长。但补充维生素D对HSP有无治疗作用,能否缩短HSP患儿病程,改善远期预后,仍有待进一步研究。 相似文献