Treatment of lipedema by low‐volume micro‐cannular liposuction in tumescent anesthesia: Results in 111 patients

Lipedema is a painful disease of subcutaneous adipose tissue leading to bilateral increase of leg and/or arm volume, but sparing hands and feet. Although conservative treatment with complex decongestive therapy has been considered as the fundamental treatment, micro‐cannular liposuction in tumescent anesthesia has become a surgical option. We report on 111 patients mostly with advanced lipedema treated by this technique in our center between 2007 and 2018. The median age of the patients was 44 years. Eighty percent of patients had at least one comorbidity. There was an association of longstanding and advanced disease to obesity and diseases of the metabolic syndrome‐spectrum. The median total amount of lipoaspirate was 4,700 ml, with a range of 950–14,250 ml. The median reduction of limb circumference was 6 cm. The median pain level before treatment was 7.8 and 2.2 at the end of the treatment. An improvement of mobility could be achieved in all patients. Bruising was also reduced. Serious adverse events were observed in 1.2% of procedures, the infection rate was 0% and the bleeding rate was 0.3%. Liposuction is an effective treatment for painful lipedema. The procedure should be performed in specialized centers.     

Lipedema—An update

Lipedema is a chronic disabilitating disease affecting the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the extremities in females during or after puberty. The disease is characterized by bilateral swelling of legs and/or arms, bruising, and pain. In contrast to lymphedema, the most distal parts remain unaffected. In contrast to obesity, patients with lipedema have a lower risk of diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis is not well understood. However, hormonal factors seem to play a vital role, as it is an exclusively female disorder. The recent advantages in understanding and treating lipedema are reviewed.     

Liposuction is an effective treatment for lipedema–results of a study with 25 patients

Background: Lipedema is a painful, genetically induced abnormal deposition of subcutaneous fat in the extremities of almost exclusively women. The pathogenesis is unknown and no curative treatment is available. Conservative therapy consisting of lymphatic drainage and compression stockings is often recommended, but is only effective against the edema. Some patients show a short‐term improvement when treated in this way. The removal of the increased fat tissue of lipedema has become possible by employing advanced liposuction techniques which utilize vibrating microcannulas under tumescent local anesthesia. The effectiveness of this approach to lipedema is the subject of this study.
Patients and Methods: 25 patients were examined before liposuction and six months thereafter. The survey included the measurement of the volume of the legs and several parameters of typical pain and discomfort. The parameters were measured using visual analogue scales (VAS, scale 0–10).
Results: The volume of the leg was reduced by 6.99 %. Pain, as the predominant symptom in lipedema, was significantly reduced from 7.2 ± 2.2 to 2.1 ± 2.1 (p < 0.001). Quality of life as a measure of the psychological strain caused by lipedema improved from 8.7 ± 1.7 to 3.6 ± 2.5 (p < 0.001). Other parameters also showed a significant improvement and the over‐all severity score improved in all patients. Conclusion: Liposuction reduces the symptoms of lipedema significantly.     

Rejuvenation of the neck with liposuction and ancillary techniques

An aesthetically pleasing neck is an important component of physical appearance and a frequently targeted area for a variety of rejuvenative procedures. In appropriately selected patients, liposuction of the neck using tumescent local anesthesia can effectively render a more youthful appearance to the anterior and lateral neck by removing superficial adipose tissue and redraping the skin. This article will review all aspects of neck liposuction, including neck and lower face anatomy, proper patient selection and evaluation, necessary equipment, as well as all peri-procedural management. An in-depth discussion of administration of tumescent local anesthesia and proper liposuction technique is also included. Lastly, a number of ancillary techniques to further enhance the appearance of the neck including laser lipolysis, fractional ablative CO(2) resurfacing, and treatment of platysmal banding will be briefly discussed.     

The hand‐foot‐syndrome associated with medical tumor therapy – classification and management

The hand‐foot‐syndrome (HFS, palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia, chemotherapy‐associated acral erythema) is characterized by painful predominantly palmo‐plantar lesions. The association with different chemotherapeutic agents has been known for over 20 years. More recently, HFS has been reported in association with regimens using targeted agents, in particular the multikinase inhibitors (MKI) sorafenib and sunitinib. The HFS associated with MKI has a different distribution and clinical appearance than the traditional disorder. In this review, similarities and differences between chemotherapy‐ and MKI‐associated HFS are discussed and current recommendations for their prophylaxis and management are summarized.     

Influence of high dose tumescent local anaesthesia with prilocaine on systemic interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8 and tumour necrosis factor‐α

Background and objective Tumescent local anaesthesia (TLA) with high prilocaine doses leads to formation of methemoglobin (MHb) which is known to be a potent activator of pro‐inflammatory endothelial cell response in vitro. As TLA is widely used for large dermatological resections, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high prilocaine doses on the systemic inflammatory response in vivo and its clinical relevance. Methods This prospective study examines the influence of MHb on serum interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8 and tumour necrosis tumour necrosis (TNF)‐α levels up to 72 h after application of TLA with prilocaine in doses higher than 600 mg. Results A total of 30 patients received prilocaine in a median dose of 1500 mg (range: 880–4160 mg) for large resections. Peak prilocaine serum concentration was reached 4 h (0.72 ± 0.07 μg/mL), the maximum concentration of MHb (7.43 ± 0.87%) and IL‐6 (28.4 ± 4.1 U/L) 12 h after TLA application. TNF‐α and IL‐8 release were not found significantly increased. Three patients developed MHb concentrations >15%. Conclusions This clinical study shows for the first time that a high prilocaine serum concentration leads in vivo to elevated systemic levels of IL‐6 but not of IL‐8 and TNF‐α because of initial high MHb levels. Because of possible and unpredictable high MHb concentrations, TLA should only be performed with prilocaine in doses of 2.5 mg/kg. In general, new solutions of TLA are necessary to achieve adequate anaesthesia for large dermatological resections to decrease the risk of methemoglobinaemia.     

胸痛中心一体化管理模式对急性心肌梗死患者的应用效果评价

目的分析胸痛中心一体化管理模式对提高急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者救治效果的影响。方法将上海市第一人民医院2017年10月—2018年2月收治的STEMI患者76例设为对照组,将2018年10月—2019年2月收治的STEMI患者85例设为观察组;对比两组首次接触患者时间、心电图确认时间、导管室启动时间、门-球囊扩张(D-to-B)时间、平均住院时间以及心血管不良事件发生情况。结果使用改进后的胸痛中心一体化管理模式,首次接触患者时间、心电图确认时间、导管室启动时间、门-球囊扩张(D-to-B)时间、平均住院时间均有所下降,差异具有统计学意义;心血管不良事件发生比例由23.68%降至11.76%(P=0.027)。结论改进后的胸痛中心一体化管理模式,迅速实施首诊救治、尽快转运或就地实施急诊冠状动脉介入治疗,通过缩短患者急救耽误时间,最大限度提高急救成功率、降低患者不良事件发生率,值得临床推广。     

Close correlation of herpes zoster‐induced voiding dysfunction with severity of zoster‐related pain: A single faculty retrospective study

Herpes zoster (HZ), a common vesiculo‐erythematous skin disease associated with reactivation of varicella zoster virus in the cranial nerve, dorsal root, and autonomic ganglia, is accompanied by several related symptoms represented by postherpetic neuralgia. Among them, involvement of vesicorectal dysfunction is relatively rare. The vesicorectal symptom can usually be recovered in transient course, but is quite important in terms of impaired quality of life. Male individuals affected with HZ and skin lesions on sacral dermatome have been reported as independent risk factors of zoster‐related voiding dysfunction. In this study, urinary symptoms were focused upon and six patients with zoster‐related voiding dysfunction at a single faculty of dermatology in Japan from 2009 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients showed HZ lesions on the sacral area and the urinary symptom recovered in approximately 2 months (14 days to 7 months). The term of treatment for zoster‐associated urinary dysfunction was positively correlated with that for zoster‐related pain without significance (r = 0.661, P = 0.153). Average treatment term for pain relief of sacral HZ accompanied by voiding dysfunction (91.3 ± 76.44 days) was significantly longer than that of sacral HZ without urinary symptom (18.9 ± 20.42 days) (P = 0.032). These results suggested that zoster‐related voiding dysfunction would mainly be involved in sacral HZ and closely associated with severity of zoster‐related pain. Dermatologists should be aware that severe zoster‐related pain accompanied by sacral HZ, which is related to prolonged treatment of pain relief, can be a predictive factor of voiding dysfunction.     

Leptin of dermal adipose tissue is differentially expressed during the hair cycle and contributes to adipocyte‐mediated growth inhibition of anagen‐phase vibrissa hair

Adipose tissue encircles the lower portion of anagen hair follicles and may regulate hair cycle progression. As leptin is a major adipokine, its level of expression from the dermal white adipose tissue during hair cycle progression was studied. The result shows that leptin level is differentially expressed during hair cycle, the lowest in early anagen phase, upregulated in late anagen phase and the highest in the telogen phase. On the other hand, leptin receptor is detected in keratin 15‐positive hair bulge epithelium of both anagen‐ and telogen‐phase hair follicles of mice pelage and vibrissa hair, and hair from human scalp. Leptin contributes to adipocyte‐mediated growth inhibition of anagen‐phase vibrissa hair as demonstrated in organ culture and coculture system. Our data suggest that leptin of dermal white adipose tissue might regulate hair growth and, therefore, hair cycle progression via leptin receptor on the hair follicle epithelium.     

皮肤科光动力疗法的疼痛管理

光动力疗法治疗期间的疼痛感与多种因素有关,包括患者特征、皮损特征和治疗时的参数.临床可通过使用疼痛感较低的光敏剂,如选择新型光源,调节光源辐照度和光剂量等,以及使用冷却镇痛,麻醉药物等方式降低疼痛感.本文主要对影响光动力疗法疼痛感的因素以及减轻其疼痛感的相关措施进行综述.     

Phantom limb pain: A review of evidence-based treatment options

Phantom limb pain(PLP) is not uncommon after amputation. PLP is described as a painful sensation perceived in the missing limb. Despite of its complicated pathophysiology, high prevalence of PLP has been associated with poor health-related quality of life, low daily activity and short walking distances. A prompt and effective management of PLP is essential in caring for the amputee population. Current treatments including physical therapy, psychotherapy, medications, and interventions have been used with limited success. In this review,we provided an updated and evidence-based review of treatment options for PLP.     

Refined tumescent liposuction‐curettage with pruning in small incisions for treatment of axillary bromhidrosis

Axillary bromhidrosis is a widespread social problem in our society. Various modalities have been developed for the destruction or removal of the apocrine sweat glands to eliminate underarm odor. However, conventional surgical treatments often result in a high complication rate and frequent recurrence. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of refined tumescent liposuction‐curettage with pruning in small incisions as treatment for axillary bromhidrosis. Between July 2013 and April 2019, 110 patients (75 women and 35 men) with axillary bromhidrosis underwent refined tumescent liposuction‐curettage with pruning. The results of eliminating underarm odor were evaluated by both the patients and doctors and rated as very satisfied (excellent), satisfied (good), slightly satisfied (fair), and not satisfied (poor). Postoperative complications, such as dehiscence, infection, wound contracture, cyst, subcutaneous hydrops, hematoma, or seroma, were also evaluated. Preoperative and postoperative histological examinations of axillary tissues were performed in two patients. In the subjective evaluation of 110 patients, 33 (30.0%) were very satisfied with the results, 70 (63.6%) were satisfied, and seven (6.4%) were slightly satisfied. The objective evaluation showed that 43 (39.1%) patients graded the results as excellent, whereas others graded the results as good. No serious complications occurred, except three patients with slight local subcutaneous hydrops and hematoma. Histologic examinations showed that the apocrine glands were significantly decreased or destroyed after the surgery. Refined tumescent liposuction‐curettage with pruning in small incisions is an effective method for the treatment of axillary bromhidrosis.     

带状疱疹相关性疼痛全程管理专家共识

带状疱疹是皮肤科和疼痛科的常见病,带状疱疹相关疼痛严重影响患者生活质量,也是患者就诊的最主要原因。目前国内对带状疱疹相关疼痛的诊疗和管理尚存在一定的认识不足。本共识聚焦于建立带状疱疹相关疼痛的标准化诊疗规范,组织国内皮肤科及疼痛科领域专家,以近年国内外发表的重要文献为基础综合分析,提交专家组反复讨论、修改,最终达成本共...     

HIV‐associated psoriasis: Epidemiology,pathogenesis, and management

People living with HIV (PLWH) are affected by a higher incidence skin disorders, which are often associated with high morbidity and mortality. In particular, psoriasis affects PLWH severely and for a longer time than the general population. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by a progressive decrease in CD4⁺ T‐cell count, and it could seem paradoxical that psoriasis exacerbations are more frequent in this subset of patients than the general population, even though it is commonly observed at any stage of infection. For a long time, there have been limited therapeutic choices for PLWH affected by psoriasis. The introduction of the combined antiretroviral therapy dramatically changed the natural course of both HIV and psoriasis in PLWH, leading to an improvement of quality and duration of life. However, the clinical severity of psoriasis in PLWH often requires the use of immunosuppressant drugs. Knowledge about their safety and efficacy are limited to case‐reports, small case‐series and studies, therefore their use has not yet entered the routine. Further studies are needed to determine if immunosuppressive drugs can be safely and effectively used in PLWH affected by psoriasis and other autoimmune disorders.