食管鳞癌组织中MTA1蛋白的表达

目的 探讨MTA1表达与食管鳞癌发生发展及浸润转移的关系.方法 应用免疫组化SP法检测49例食管癌组织及其相应的30例癌旁非典型增生组织和49例正常组织中MTA1蛋白及的表达.结果 ①伴有淋巴结转移组MTA1蛋白阳性表达率分别高于无淋巴结组,两组间相比差异有显著性(P＜0.05).②浸润至外膜MTA1蛋白的阳性表达率高于深肌层及浅肌层,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);浸润至深肌层组MTA1蛋白的阳性表达率稍高于浅肌层组,两者相比差异无显著性(P＞0.05).③癌组织MTA1蛋白阳性表达率均高于相应的癌旁非典型增生组织及正常食管黏膜组织,三者两两相比差异有显著性(P均＜0.05).结论 人食管鳞癌组织MTA1蛋白表达明显升高,MTA1与食管癌的发生发展及浸润转移有关.     

基质金属蛋白酶-2表达与胃癌组织分化和浸润程度的相关性探讨

目的 :探讨 mm p- 2表达与胃癌组织分化和浸润程度的相关性。方法 :4 1例胃癌经胃镜和病理活检诊断 ,其中病理发现早期胃癌 13例 ,进展期胃癌 2 8例。其中高分化和中分化癌 2 9例 ,低分化癌 12例。无淋巴结转移 11例 ,淋巴结转移 30例。标本经固定、包埋、切片 ,分别作 HE和免疫组化染色。根据组织病理分期分组 ,观察分析 mm p- 2表达强度与胃癌细胞分化程度有无相关性 ,与胃癌浸润深度有无相关性 ,以及与淋巴结转移有无关系。结果 :在胃癌组织中高分化癌和低分化癌中 ,mm p- 2阳性细胞率分别为 4 0 %和 85 % ,两者差异有高度显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。 mm p- 2表达强度与早期胃癌及进展期胃癌的病理分期显著相关 (P <0 .0 1) ,与淋巴结有无转移显著相关 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :结果显示 ,m mp- 2表达强度与胃癌浸润深度 ,胃癌分期以及有无淋巴结转移有显著相关性 (P <0 .0 1)。     

MMP-1和TIMP-1在人胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨基质金属蛋白酶1(MMP-1)和金属蛋白酶1组织抑制因子(TIMP-1)基因与胃癌临床生物学行为的关系.方法 采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测60例胃癌组织及其相应癌旁正常胃黏膜组织中MMP-1和TIMP-1 mRNA的表达.结果 60例胃癌组织中MMP-1表达水平明显高于癌旁正常组织,TIMP-1表达水平明显低于癌旁正常组织(P<0.05).胃癌组织中,MMP-1 mRNA的相对表达强度、未分化癌明显高于高、中分化癌,Ⅲ～Ⅳ期明显高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期,伴淋巴结转移者明显高于无淋巴结转移者(P<0.05);TIMP-1 mRNA的相对表达强度低、未分化癌则明显低于高、中分化癌,Ⅲ～Ⅳ期明显低于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期,伴淋巴结转移者明显低于无淋巴结转移者(P<0.05).但MMP-1、TIMP-1表达与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤病理类型及肿瘤大小和部位等临床参数无关(P>0.05).MMP-I与TIMP-1表达呈负相关(r=-0.513,P<0.05).结论 胃癌中MMP-1、TIMP-1表达与胃癌分化程度、TNM分期及淋巴结转移有关.     

胃癌组织中溶酶体相关四次跨膜蛋白 B、三叶因子家族 1表达与胃癌的关系

目的 探讨胃癌组织中溶酶体相关四次跨膜蛋白B(LAPTM4B)、三叶因子家族1(TFF1)蛋白表达与胃癌的关系.方法 选取2015年8月至2018年6月郑州人民医院收集的80例胃癌组织及40例胃癌癌旁组织,采用免疫组织化学染色技术检测LAPTM4B、TFF1蛋白表达情况,观察不同病灶最大径、TNM分期、组织学分化程度、淋巴结转移情况、浸润程度及胃癌组织中LAPTM4B、TFF1蛋白的阳性表达率.结果 胃癌组织中LAPTM4B蛋白阳性表达率为61.25％、TFF1蛋白阳性表达率为68.75％,胃癌癌旁组织中LAPTM4B蛋白阳性表达率为25.00％、TFF1蛋白阳性表达率为35.00％;胃癌组织均高于癌旁组织(P<0.05).在TNM分期(Ⅲ期+Ⅳ期)、发生淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中LAPTM4B蛋白阳性表达率分别为78.79％、74.42％,高于TNM分期(Ⅰ期+Ⅱ期)48.94％、未发生淋巴结转移45.95％的病人(P<0.05);在TNM分期(Ⅲ期+Ⅳ期)、发生淋巴结转移、低分化的胃癌组织中TFF1蛋白阳性表达率分别为90.91％、81.40％、87.10％,高于TNM分期(Ⅰ期+Ⅱ期)53.19％、未发生淋巴结转移54.05％、高分化和中分化的57.14％,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 胃癌组织中LAPTM4B、TFF1表达强度明显较癌旁组织增强,可能与胃癌的发生及发展有一定的关系.     

胃癌组织中Cath-D的表达与螺旋CT征象的相关性研究

目的将胃癌的螺旋CT征象与Cath-D蛋白的表达相对照,探讨胃癌螺旋CT表现与病理学和分子生物学之间的关系,研究胃癌浸润转移的生物学特征。方法对52例胃癌患者行多层螺旋CT平扫及三期动态增强扫描。术后全部肿瘤组织标本采用免疫组织化学SP法检测Cath-D蛋白的表达。结果多层螺旋CT和病理检查对于肿瘤TNM分期及淋巴结转移的诊断,有很好的一致性。Cath-D蛋白在癌组织中表达率高于正常胃黏膜组织。Cath-D蛋白在癌组织中的表达率与浸润深度有关,T3-4组的阳性表达率高于T2组。与淋巴结转移有关,淋巴结转移组表达率）高于无转移组。而与肿瘤的大小无关。结论多层螺旋CT增强扫描能较全面显示胃癌影像特征,是胃癌较可靠的检查方法。Cath-D的高表达与胃癌CT征象上的浸润深度和淋巴结转移呈正相关,Cath-D对胃癌的侵袭和转移起促进作用。     

Syk及HER2基因在胃癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:观察脾酪氨酸激酶(Syk)与人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达,探讨其与胃癌发生发展的关系及其临床意义。方法:用免疫组化法检测55例胃癌及20例癌旁组织中Syk与HER2蛋白表达;分析在不同组织学类型、TNM分期、淋巴结转移、浆膜浸润、远处转移等胃癌组织中Syk及HER2蛋白的表达情况。结果:55例胃癌中Syk、HER2的表达率分别为21.8%(12/55)和29.1%(16/55)。20例癌旁组织中的表达率分别为85.0%(17/20)和0。胃癌组织Syk蛋白表达阳性率显着低于癌旁组织(P<0.01);而HER2蛋白在胃癌的表达率高于癌旁组织(P<0.01)。Syk、HER2蛋白表达在胃癌的不同组织学分类、肿瘤TNM分期以及有无淋巴结转移、浆膜浸润和远处转移差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而不同年龄、性别间差异无统计学意义。分化程度越差、浸润越深、出现淋巴结转移及远处转移、TNM分期越高HER2阳性率越高,而Syk则在低分化中出现表达缺失。结论:Syk、HER2基因检测可作为评估胃癌恶性生物学行为及预后的重要指标;并为靶向治疗提供理论依据。     

lncRNA CCAT1在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达及其与病理参数的关系

目的　探讨长链非编码RNA结肠癌相关转录因子1（lncRNA CCAT1）在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达及其与病理参数的关系。方法　回顾性选取2021年1月至2022年1月郑州人民医院收治的105例子宫内膜癌行手术治疗的患者为研究对象，收集患者术后切除的子宫内膜癌组织标本及相应癌旁距肿瘤边缘约5 cm以上的组织标本。患者年龄30～73（55.37±3.46）岁，肿瘤长径≤2 cm 52例、>2 cm 53例。使用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术检测并分析lncRNA CCAT1在子宫内膜癌组织与癌旁组织中、不同病理分期、不同组织分级、不同分化程度、不同肌层浸润程度、有无淋巴结转移中的表达情况及其关系。采用t检验、方差分析、Spearman相关性分析。结果　lncRNA CCAT1在子宫内膜癌组织、病理Ⅲ+Ⅳ期、肌层浸润≥1/2、有淋巴结转移中的水平高于癌旁组织、病理Ⅰ+Ⅱ期、肌层浸润<1/2、无淋巴结转移，同时lncRNA CCAT1在G1级、G2级、G3级与高分化、中分化、低分化中的表达水平呈逐渐升高趋势，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。经Spearman相关系数分析，lncRNA CCAT1表达水平与病理分期、组织分级、肌层浸润程度、淋巴结转移呈正相关（r=0.458，0.425，0.472，0.436；均P<0.05），lncRNA CCAT1表达水平与分化程度呈负相关（r=-0.423，P<0.05）。结论　lncRNA CCAT1在子宫内膜癌组织中呈现较高表达，与组织分级、分化程度、肌层浸润程度、淋巴结转移呈正相关，其水平变化可为子宫内膜癌的临床诊疗提供参考。     

MMP-9 的表达与胃癌浸润转移的相关性研究

目的探讨MMP-9的表达与胃癌浸润转移的关系。方法采用原位杂交法和免疫组化法,检测80例胃癌组织与60例癌旁正常胃粘膜组织中MMP-9mRNA及其蛋白的表达,根据组织学类型、浸润深度和有无淋巴结转移分类分析其与MMP-9表达水平的相关性。结果胃癌组织中MMP-9mRNA的阳性表达率为75%,MMP-9蛋白的阳性表达率为71.25%,而癌旁正常胃粘膜组织中MMP-9mRNA的阳性表达率为43.33%,MMP-9蛋白的阳性表达率为41.67%。胃癌组织中MMP-9mRNA及蛋白的阳性表达率均明显高于癌旁正常胃黏膜组织(P<0.05)。未侵及浆膜层的胃癌组织中MMP-9的mRNA和蛋白的阳性表达率分别为63.2%和57.9%;而侵及浆膜层的胃癌组织中MMP-9的mRNA和蛋白的阳性表达率分别为85.7%和83.3%,分别明显高于未侵及浆膜层的胃癌组织(P<0.05)。无淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中MMP-9的mRNA和蛋白的阳性表达率分别为64.4%和60.0%;而有淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中MMP-9的mRNA和蛋白的阳性表达率分别为88.6%和85.7%,分别明显高于无淋巴结转移的胃癌组织(P<0.05)。结论胃癌组织中MMP-9的mRNA和蛋白表达明显高于癌旁正常胃粘膜,MMP-9的阳性表达与胃癌的浸润和淋巴结转移均存在明显的相关性,可作为胃癌的诊断和预后评估的备选指标。     

Bmi-1在食管癌组织中的表达及其与浸润转移的关系

目的检测食管鳞癌组织中Bmi-1蛋白的表达,并探讨其与食管鳞癌发生及浸润转移的关系。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测50例食管鳞癌组织及其相应的28例癌旁非典型增生组织和15例正常食管黏膜组织中Bmi-1蛋白的表达。结果食管鳞癌组织中Bmi-1蛋白阳性表达率高于癌旁非典型增生组织和正常食管黏膜组织（P〈0.05）;淋巴结转移组食管鳞癌组织中Bmi-1蛋白阳性表达率低于无淋巴结转移组（P〈0.05）;浸润至外膜食管鳞癌组织中Bmi-1蛋白阳性表达率高于深肌层及浅肌层（P〈0.05）。结论 Bmi-1蛋白过表达可能参与食管鳞癌的发生及浸润转移过程。     

食管癌术后复发与E-cad表达间的关系

目的 探讨食管癌术后复发与E-钙粘着蛋白(E-cadherin,E-cad)表达间的关系;方法 搜集食管癌根治术后复发的食管癌患者27例,同时搜集同期食管癌根治术后2年以上未复发的食管癌患者22例作为对照.复习每个病例的病变长度,肿瘤浸润深度,术中淋巴结转移状况和癌细胞分化程度.全部病例采用免疫组化SP法检测E-cad分子表达.分析复发组与对照组之间肿瘤组织E-cad分子表达的差异.结果 ①复发组与对照组E-cad表达无差异;②侵犯深肌层组E-cad阳性表达率显著低于未侵犯深肌层组(P＜0.05),术中有淋巴结转移组E-cad阳性表达率均显著低于无淋巴结转移组(P＜0.05);结论 E-cad表达的缺失促进食管癌的浸润和转移,但与术后复发没有直接关系.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Efficacy of gut lavage,hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the therapy of paraquat or diquat intoxication

Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.

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Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.

     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

In vitro studies on sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) as enzyme carriers in organophosphorus (OP) antagonism

This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Steroidal sapogenin contents in some domestic plants

In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.