手术治疗肝门部胆管癌40例体会

目的:探讨肝门部胆管癌根治性手术的切除率及远期疗效。方法:对27例肝门部胆管癌患者行根治性切除,其中3例联合左半肝及尾状叶切除,3例联合右半叶及尾状叶;13例行姑息性手术中9例行胆肠内引流,4例行外胆道引流。结果:根治切除率为67.5%,患者1、2、3年生存率为76.0%、36.0%、16.0%,中位生存时间20个月;姑息性手术者中行内、外引流中位生存时间分别为12个月和8个月。结论:合理选择病例可以提高肝门部胆管癌的根治性手术切除率,根治性切除是提高肝门部胆管癌远期生存率的有效手段。     

肝门胆管癌的外科治疗

目的　探讨肝门胆管癌的外科手术治疗方法及价值。方法　对 119例经外科手术治疗的肝门部胆管癌患者的疗效进行回顾性分析。结果　总手术切除率为 6 3.9% (76 / 119) ,根治性切除率 32 .8% (39/ 119)。根治性切除与姑息性切除组的 1、3、5年生存率分别为 94 .1%、2 7.6 %、15 .8% ;6 0 .6 %、5 .2 %、0 %。结论　早期诊断 ,对确诊者力争根治性切除 ,无法切除者根据具体情况采用合适的手术方法是肝门胆管癌外科治疗的关键     

肝门部胆管癌手术切除术的体会

目的　提高肝门部胆管癌手术治疗的效果。方法　通过对 3 8例肝门部胆管癌手术切除 ,介绍肝门部胆管癌手术切除的体会 ,探讨其手术方式的选择。结果　本组切除率为 5 8% ;其中术后 1、3、5年生存率分别为 81 5 %、5 7 6%、3 4 5 %。结论　胆门部胆管癌手术根治性切除的疗效最好 ,姑息性切除优于内引流术 ,内引流术优于外引流术     

肝门部胆管癌外科手术治疗的体会

目的 :探讨肝门部胆管癌的不同手术方式的预后及影响。方法 :对 5 6例经手术和病理证实的肝门部胆管癌的手术方式及随访结果进行回顾性分析。结果 :本组手术切除 2 2例 (3 9.2 % ) ,其中根治性手术 15例 ,姑息切除 7例 ,行胆管内、外引流 2 9例 ,5例仅作探查活检。随访根治性切除 13例中 ,1、2、3年生存率分别为 5 3 .3 % (8/15 )、2 0 %(3 /15 )、13 .3 % (2 /15 ) ,最长 1例生存已 5 1个月。姑息切除 7例中 ,1年生存率为 2 8.5 % (2 /7) ,非切除 3 4例中随访 2 2例 ,仅 2例作胆管外引流 ,术后放疗 ,存活 15、17月 ,其它未超过 8月。结论 :肝门部胆管癌治疗应力争作根治性切除 ,无法切除者应作内或外引流 ,尤以内引流者可延长生存时间和提高生活质量。     

肝门部胆管癌根治性切除术临床研究

目的：研究肝门部胆管癌根治性切除术方法、疗效。重点探讨提高根治性切除率，降低手术死亡率。方法：总结1994年4月～2000年4月收治的18例肝门部胆管癌手术治疗情况，8例行根治性切除，10例行姑息性手术，术后均行腹腔化疗。结果：18例围手术期无死亡及重大并发症，手术根治性切除率为44.4％，同国内文献报道一致。远期随访：根治性切除8例，患者1、2、3、5年生存率分别为100％(8例)、75％(6例)、37．5％(3例)、无5年生存者。姑息性手术10例，患者1、3年生存率为1年25％(2例)、无3年生存者。结论：肝门部胆管癌根治性切除术较姑息性手术获得更优良的生活质量及远期疗效。加强围手术期处理是提高手术切除率，减少并发症及死亡率的关键。     

肝门部胆管癌 134 例临床分析

目的研究分析 134 例肝门部胆管癌临床诊治及远期疗效, 探讨生存率与手术方式的关系及如何提高早期诊断率. 方法 分析解放军总医院肝胆外科 1999 年 1 月至 2002 年 7 月收治的肝门部胆管癌 134 例. 结果手术组 116 例,其中根治性切除 48 例,姑息性切除 21 例,胆道引流 47 例;非手术组 18 例.总手术率 86.6%(116/134),根治性切除率 41.2%(48/116).根治性切除组1,2,3 年生存率分别为 75.0%、45.8%、25.0%,姑息性切除组为 50%、16.7%、0,两组之间的生存率比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);胆道引流组为 25%、10%、0;非手术组平均存活 5.7个月,无一例超过 1 年. 结论肝门部胆管癌的治疗以手术为主, 个体化和实用性的根治性切除术才能获得最佳疗效.对无黄疸性慢性肝病及胃肠道症状者定期体检及必要的影象学检查, 是早期发现肝胆管癌的积极手段,赢得高生存率.     

肝门部胆管癌不同手术方式切除术的疗效评价

目的　评价肝门部胆管癌不同手术方式的治疗效果。方法　参照 Bismuth分型法将肝门胆管癌分为 型 ,以选择不同的手术方式进行治疗。结果　切除率为 58% ,术后 1、3、5年生存率分别为 81 .5%、52 .8%、2 8.9%。结论　肝门部胆管癌手术根治性切除的疗效最好 ,姑息性切除优于内引流术 ,内引流术优于外引流术     

肝门部胆管癌的诊断与手术治疗

目的本文探讨肝门部胆管癌的早期诊断方法,以提高手术切除率。方法回顾分析2005～2011年收治肝门部胆管癌30例的临床病例资料。结果术前确诊26/30（86.67%）。手术切除16例（53.33%）,其中根治性切除（R0切除）10例（33.33%）、姑息性切除6例（20%）,引流术12例（40%）,单纯剖腹探查术2例（6.67%）。术后随访28例,2人失访,随访率92.86%（26/28）,其中随访根治性切除10例,1、3、5年生存率分别为70%、50%、20%。随访姑息性切除6例,1、3年各1例,4例于一年内死亡。随访引流术10例全部于半年内死亡。结论肝门部胆管癌早期诊断困难,根治性切除率低,影像学检查可提高早期诊断率,对黄疸病人应尽早行影像学等相关检查,以提高根治切除率。手术是肝门部胆管癌的首选治疗。     

肝门部胆管癌的根治性外科治疗与姑息性治疗效果比较

目的 探讨肝门部胆管癌不同的手术方式及姑息性治疗的效果.方法 回顾我院治疗74例肝门部胆管癌的病历纪录,分析切除率、生存率等数据.结果 手术切除组的1、3、5年生存率分别为76.60%、36.20%和10.60%,高于引流组的60.00%、14.30%和0.00%(P均小于0.05);根治性切除组的1、3、5年生存率分...     

肝门部胆管癌的诊断和外科治疗(附27例报告)

目的:探讨肝门部胆管癌的诊断和外科处理及其预后。方法:对经手术和病理检查确诊的肝门部胆管癌27例的临床特征、手术方式和随访结果进行回顾性分析。结果:切除7例,其中根治性切除2例,姑息性切除5例。胆肠吻合4例,单纯探查活检6例,胆道支架置入3例,胆道外引流7例。根治性切除2例健康生存1年。姑息性切除、胆肠吻合和胆道支架置入的1年生存率分别为40%,0和33.3%。结论:应力争进行肝门部胆管癌的根治性切除。当根治性切除无法施行时,可考虑其他外科处理方式。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.