安氏Ⅱ1错牙合临床牙冠中心高度的测量分析

目的：比较正常牙合与安氏Ⅱ1类错牙合模型上下颌临床牙冠中心高度,为安氏Ⅱ1类错牙合矫治设计提供参考。方法：收集正常牙合,安氏Ⅱ1类错牙合模型各50例,用数显游标卡尺分别测量各组模型的临床牙冠高度并计算出临床牙冠中心高度,进行对比分析。结果：安氏Ⅱ1类错牙合组上下颌临床牙冠高度及临床牙冠中心高度均较正常牙合组小,大部分测量值间的差异有统计学意义。结论：安氏Ⅱ1类错牙合畸形患者正畸治疗中应注意托槽定位,以期获得更完美的咬合状态。     

骨性错牙合畸形正畸正颌联合矫治简介

目的:研究骨性错牙合畸形正畸正颌联合矫治过程中Artex牙合架系统的作用。方法:正颌手术患者术前采用Artex全可调式合架系统转移合关系,制作手术中间及终末合板。结果:通过Artex牙合架系统可精确转移患者口内三维咬合关系及整个牙合和颅面之间的位置关系并完全模拟下颌运动状态。结论:Artex牙合架系统的应用有利于帮助诊断和分析上颌畸形,有效解决上颌牙合平面偏斜及中线偏斜问题,可精确模拟术后颌骨位置,中间及终末合板制作精细,术后咬合关系好,术后正畸调整时间相对缩短。     

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现代口腔正畸学创建100多年来,牙颌模型作为正畸患者病案记录的重要组成部分,能客观完整地记录牙、牙弓、腭及基骨的形态位置等信息,也是反映错(牙合)畸形患者真实三维解剖结构的唯一途径.模型的测量分析及相关检查是错耠畸形诊断和矫治设计的主要依据;同时,不同治疗阶段的研究模型可用来观察记录矫治进展情况和判断最终疗效.随着科技的发展,石膏模型已很难满足正畸医师快速准确地测量数据和进行可视化预测治疗的需求.基于此,三维数字化牙颌模型应运而生并得到了不断完善.     

错[牙合]畸形患者Bolton指数分析

目的：通过对错[牙合]畸形患者Bolton指数测量分析,探讨牙冠宽度与安氏各类错[牙合]畸形的关系。方法：错[牙合]畸形患者的初始记存模型382副,按照安氏Ⅰ、Ⅱ1、Ⅱ2、Ⅲ类分组。测量牙冠宽度并计算Bohon指数,测量结果采用Dunean’s检验。结果：382例错[牙合]畸形病例的前牙比、全牙比、后牙比均没有性别间的差异。安氏Ⅰ、Ⅱ1、Ⅱ2类错[牙合]畸形患者前牙比和全牙比与正常[牙合]人群基本一致,而Ⅲ类错[牙合]畸形患者前牙比和全牙比则与正常[牙合]人群间存在差异,安氏Ⅲ类错[牙合]畸形患者的前牙比及全牙比明显高于其他各组,有显著性差异。结论：上下颌间牙量关系不调是安氏Ⅲ类错[牙合]畸形的主要病因之一。     

成人骨性安氏Ⅱ类1分类错的正颌-正畸联合治疗

目的 采用正畸-正颌手术联合治疗骨性安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错(牙合)患者,介绍手术前后正畸及术前的准备工作。方法 11例成人骨性安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错(牙合)患者,均经术前正畸-正颌手术-术后正畸的治疗过程。手术前后正畸目的是矫正上下颌前牙前突,排齐牙列,协调上下牙弓,平整牙(牙合)曲线,建立正颌术后良好的咬合关系。术前准备包括术前电脑模拟手术、模型外科、(牙合)板制作。结果 11例患者建立了良好的咬合关系及协调的上下颌骨关系,面容美观改善。结论 骨性错(牙合)畸形患者采用正畸-正颌联合治疗,能获得功能和美观的满意效果,术前正畸、电脑模拟手术、模型外科、(牙合)板制作及术后正畸,每一操作步骤的精确到位均十分重要。     

成人骨性安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合)的正颌-正畸联合治疗

目的采用正畸-正颌手术联合治疗骨性安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错(牙合)患者,介绍手术前后正畸及术前的准备工作.方法11例成人骨性安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错(牙合)患者,均经术前正畸-正颌手术-术后正畸的治疗过程.手术前后正畸目的是矫正上下颌前牙前突,排齐牙列,协调上下牙弓,平整牙(牙合)曲线,建立正颌术后良好的咬合关系.术前准备包括术前电脑模拟手术、模型外科、(牙合)板制作.结果11例患者建立了良好的咬合关系及协调的上下颌骨关系,面容美观改善.结论骨性错(牙合)畸形患者采用正畸-正颌联合治疗,能获得功能和美观的满意效果,术前正畸、电脑模拟手术、模型外科、(牙合)板制作及术后正畸,每一操作步骤的精确到位均十分重要.     

骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者正畸正颌联合治疗前后面部软组织变化的研究

目的探讨骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者正畸正颌联合治疗前后面部软组织变化的特征。方法选择在江苏省口腔医院正畸科就诊的14例骨性Ⅲ类错牙合畸形的患者为研究对象,分别于正畸正颌联合治疗前、后拍摄3dMD,利用3dMD vultus软件对颌面部软组织进行重建,然后选取面部软组织有代表性的17个三维标志点并测量线距和角度,比较骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者正畸正颌联合治疗前后的差异。结果面凸角、鼻唇角、颏唇角、上唇长度,鼻翼宽度及鼻基底宽度有统计学差异,P<0.05。结论①3dMD提供了三维测量软组织的一种方法。②骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者正畸正颌联合治疗前后面型改善。     

成人骨性Ⅰ类错双颌前突的正颌—正畸联合治疗

目的采用正畸—正颌手术联合治疗成人骨性Ⅰ类错(牙合)前突患者,以期取得面貌及咬合关系的改善。方法选择10例成人骨性Ⅰ类错(牙合)双颌前突患者,通过术前正畸—正颌手术—术后正畸的联合治疗,对治疗前后的头颅侧位片进行测量分析。结果建立良好的上下颌咬合关系,面型改善；SNA、SNB显著减小。结论成人Ⅰ类骨性错(牙合)畸形患者采用正颌—正畸联合治疗,能快速地、有效地获得满意的咬(牙合)功能及侧貌效果。     

成人骨性Ⅰ类错(牙合)双颌前突的正颌-正畸联合治疗

目的采用正畸-正颌手术联合治疗成人骨性Ⅰ类错[牙合]前突患者，以期取得面貌及咬合关系的改善。方法选择10例成人骨性Ⅰ类错[牙合]双颌前突患者，通过术前正畸-正颌手术-术后正畸的联合治疗。对治疗前后的头颅侧位片进行测量分析。结果建立良好的上下颌咬合关系，面型改善；SNA、SNB显著减小。结论成人Ⅰ类骨性错[牙合]畸形患者采用正颌-正畸联合治疗，能快速地、有效地获得满意的咬[牙合]功能及侧貌效果。     

骨性Ⅲ类错[牙合]畸形术前正畸拔牙与不拔牙的比较研究

目的评价骨性安氏Ⅲ类畸形正颌术前正畸中上齿槽及牙的唇倾度的矫正,对正颌术后面型改善,以及正常前牙覆(牙合)覆盖建立的影响。方法通过回顾性研究对比安氏Ⅲ类错颌畸形双颌手术,术前正畸中上颌拔牙和非拔牙的两组患者,拔牙病例20例,非拔牙病例20例,头影测量研究两组患者治疗前后的牙长轴、鼻唇角、颌凸角等与面型有关的数据,评价拔牙和非拔牙术前正畸对安氏Ⅲ类错颌畸形面型矫正的影响。结果测量显示术前正畸中上颌拔牙矫正使鼻唇角明显增大,覆盖明显增大,代表面型的数据:鼻唇角、面角、颌凸角、颏前点到零子午线的距离、鼻下点到零子午线的距离两组变化有显著性差异,拔牙组对面型的调整更有效;牙长轴、覆骀覆盖、鼻唇角、面角、颌凸角、颏前点到零子午线的距离、鼻下点到零子午线的距离在拔牙组数据与正常均数比较无显著性差异。结论骨性安氏Ⅲ类错(牙合)畸形的正畸正颌联合治疗中,值得注意上颌前牙的代偿性唇倾,对其去代偿矫正是安氏Ⅲ类错颌畸形矫正中调整面型的主要因素。     

Size Discrepancy of Apical Bases and Treatment Success in Angle Class III Malocclusion

The aim of this retrospective clinical study was to measure the apical bases and determine their size relationship in Class III malocclusion cases before and after orthodontic treatment, in order to evaluate their significance for the treatment success. Maxillary and mandibular apical bases were measured on study models of 104 Class III cases treated by conventional orthodontics, using a specifically constructed conveyance apparatus, and related to each other as an index. Treatment success was quantitatively assessed as the percentage change of PAR scores obtained from the pretreatment and posttreatment study models. Statistically significant relationships were disclosed between the measurements of the apical bases and several other evaluated parameters. The results obtained indicate a high prognostic value of the size relationship of the apical bases for the treatment success of Class III malocclusion.     

Evaluation of a quality of life measure for children with malocclusion

OBJECTIVE: To explore the validity and reliability of the child perception questionnaire as an oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) measure in adolescents with malocclusion. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study comparing two groups of individuals. SETTING: One group of children with malocclusion was recruited from the orthodontic departments at the Charles Clifford Dental Hospital (CCDH), Sheffield and Chesterfield Royal Hospital (CRH), Chesterfield. A second group with no malocclusion was recruited from the Paediatric Department at CCDH and one General Dental Practice in Sheffield. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The malocclusion group consisted of 116 patients aged 11-14 years about to commence orthodontic treatment. The non-malocclusion group consisted of 31 11-14-year-old patients with index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) 1 and 2, and DMFT 相似文献   

Treatment decision in adult patients with Class III malocclusion: orthodontic therapy or orthognathic surgery?

Class III malocclusion is one of the most difficult anomalies to understand. Because not all Class III patients are candidates for surgical correction, patient assessment and selection remain main issues in diagnosis and treatment planning. The purpose of this study was to separate Class III patients who can be properly treated orthodontically from those who require orthognathic surgery. A large sample size was a necessary to obtain a sufficiently robust model. Thus, a multicentric study design was chosen (Orthodontic Departments of the Universities of Frankfurt, Heidelberg, and Würzburg, Germany). The cephalograms of 175 adult patients with Class III malocclusions were analyzed. The orthodontic group comprised 87 patients, and the surgery group, 88 patients. Twenty linear, proportional, and angular measurements were made. Stepwise discriminant analysis was applied to identify the dentoskeletal variables that best separate the groups. The discriminant function model was highly significant (P <.0001); 92% of the patients were correctly classified. The following variables were extracted: Wits appraisal, length of the anterior cranial base, maxillary/mandibular (M/M) ratio, and lower gonial angle. The resulting equation was: Individual score = -1.805 + 0.209. Wits + 0.044. S-N + 5.689. M/M ratio - 0.056. Go(lower). By means of discriminant analysis, correct classification of adult Class III malocclusion patients succeeded to a very high degree. Of all the variables, the Wits appraisal was the most decisive parameter.     

Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion classes: a comparative study

The purpose of this study is to determine whether a difference exists in intermaxillary tooth size among different malocclusion groups in Saudi patients The study consisted of 240 pretreatment orthodontic casts (Sixty cases in each malocclusion class, in addition to normal occlusion). The results of the study shows no significant difference in the incidence of tooth size discrepancies for the overall ratio and anterior ratio between the different malocclusion groups, except for the anterior ratio in class III malocclusion. Further, no statistical significant difference was observed between males and females When the mean values of the present study were compared to that of Bolton's, a significant difference was found in all the malocclusion classes. We can conclude from this study that Bolton tooth size analysis is an important diagnostic tool, and should be taken into consideration before initiation of orthodontic treatment.     

ORAL MYOFUNCTIONAL AND ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE ANTERIOR SUPRAHYOID MUSCLES AND TONGUE THRUST IN PATIENTS WITH CLASS II/1 MALOCCLUSION SUBMITTED TO FIRST PREMOLAR EXTRACTION

Objective:

The aim of this study was to assess the existence of myofunctional alterations before and after first premolar extraction in Class II/1 malocclusion patients that could endanger the long-term dental arch stability.

Materials and Methods:

The study was performed by means of morphological, functional and electromyographic analyses in 17 Class II/1 malocclusion patients (group T) and 17 Class I malocclusion patients (group C), both groups with 12-30-year age range (mean age: 20.93 ± 4.94 years).

Results:

Data analyzed statistically by Student’s t-test showed a significant decrease in the maxillary and mandibular dental arch perimeters after orthodontic treatment (p<0.05). The Kruskal-Wallis test analyzed data from tongue posture at rest and during swallowing, not showing significant differences after treatment (groups Tb and Ta) (p>0.05). However, group T differed significantly from group C (p<0.05). The electromyographic data showed that the anterior right and left suprahyoid muscles acted synergistically in both groups, while having a lower myoelectric activity in group T during swallowing.

Conclusions:

Myofunctional alterations observed after the orthodontic treatment in Class II/1 malocclusion seemed to jeopardize the long-term orthodontic stability, making recurrence possible. Further research should be conducted to compare electromyographic data before and after orthodontic treatment in order to corroborate the results of the present investigation.     

西安市青少年错畸形治疗优先指数的研究

目的　研究青少年错畸形的严重程度和治疗的迫切性。方法　选取 1158名未作过正畸治疗的恒牙列汉族学生为研究对象。男 591名 ,女 567名 ,年龄 1 1～ 1 4岁 ,平均年龄 1 2岁。取研究模型并测量 ,获得个体的治疗优先指数 (TPI)等级。结果　 1158名青少年中 ,TPI 1等级的占 21.33% ,这部分学生属个别正常 ,基本不需要治疗 ;TPI 2等级的占 47.06 % ,这部分学生有轻微错 ,治疗需要不迫切 ;TPI 3、4、5等级的占 31.61 % ,这部分学生存在明显错迫切需要立即治疗。结论　TPI是用来判断错程度和评价正畸治疗需要有效的流行病学工具。在中小学正畸适龄儿童中建立常规的筛查制度十分必要。     

The occurrence of tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups

This study consisted of 109 patients with varying malocclusions (Class I; Class II, Division 1; Division 2; and Class II surgery) who were treated orthodontically. Tooth size analyses were performed on the pretreatment models of these patients and mesial-distal tooth size ratios were measured as described by Bolton. The incidence of mesial-distal tooth size discrepancies in the malocclusion groups was analyzed and compared with Bolton's means and standard deviations. The results showed no difference in the incidence of tooth size discrepancies from one malocclusion group to another. When the sample was taken as a whole, there was no significant difference in the mean of the mesial-distal tooth size ratios as computed in the present study and compared to Bolton's mean. There were, however, higher standard deviations seen in the present study compared with Bolton's study. Even though there was no significant difference in the incidence of tooth size discrepancies among malocclusion groups, there was a large number of tooth size discrepancies in each group. Therefore it is suggested that Bolton's tooth size analysis be performed before initiation of orthodontic treatment.     

Predictive value of morphologic parameters for successful correction of Class II Division 2 malocclusion.

The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of pretreatment cephalometric parameters and apical base size for successful correction of Angle Class II Division 2 malocclusion. Pretreatment lateral cephalograms and pretreatment and posttreatment study casts of 96 subjects with Class II Division 2 malocclusions were examined to obtain 23 cephalometric parameters and to measure the size of the apical bases. Success of occlusal correction was evaluated as the percentage of change of peer assessment rating scores during treatment; percentage of change was the dependent variable in multivariate statistical analyses used to test the predictive value of the assessed parameters. Cephalometric parameters of pretreatment craniofacial morphology were insignificant as predictors of successful orthodontic correction of the malocclusions. Maxillary apical base size was the strongest predictor of occlusal correction and might serve as a valuable diagnostic predictor of successful treatment outcome.