解剖型钢板治疗粉碎性尺骨鹰嘴骨折

目的 探讨解剖型钢板治疗粉碎性尺骨鹰嘴骨折的疗效.方法 2002年2月至2007年7月,共52例移位粉碎性尺骨鹰嘴骨折的患者,男37例,女15例,平均年龄37.6岁.按照Mayo分型:其中ⅡB型31例,ⅢB型21例.所有骨折均行切开复位解剖型钢板内固定.结果 术后49例获得随访,随访时间为12～20个月,平均14.2个月.所有骨折均于3个月内愈合,无伤口感染;3例由于钢板皮下激惹,取出内固定后症状缓解.术后采用Broderg和Money评分标准进行评估:30例ⅡB型骨折中优22例,良6例,可2例,差0例,优良率为93.3%;19例ⅢB型骨折中优6例,良8例,可4例,差1例,优良率为73.7%.两组疗效差别有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 解剖型钢板是治疗粉碎性尺骨鹰嘴骨折的安全有效的方法,Mayo分型可作为判断骨折预后的依据.     

不稳定骨盆骨折的手术治疗

目的 总结不稳定骨盆骨折手术治疗的临床效果.方法 回顾性研究2002年1月至2008年1月手术治疗、病历资料完整、受伤至手术时间在60 d以内,并获得随访的83例不稳定骨盆骨折患者资料.按照Tile骨盆骨折分型:B型35例,其中B1型17例,B2型11例,B3型7例;C型48例,其中C1型34例,C2型9例,C3型5例.66例患者伴有合并伤.25例伴有骶骨骨折:1区5例,2区16例,3区4例.合并髋臼骨折23例.12例患者因血流动力学不稳定而行急诊抢救.所有患者根据骨折类型及伤情分别采用单纯前环固定(17例)、单纯后环固定(29例)及前后环同时固定(37例)治疗.最终随访时采用Majeed评分和Harris评分评定疗效.本组患者受伤至手术时间平均12.0 d(0～51 d).结果 1例患者在住院期间死亡,其余82例患者术后获平均3.3年(1.0～7.1年)随访.术后82例患者Majeed评分平均87.5分(51～100分),其中优54例,良22例,可4例,差2例,优良率为92.7%;Harris评分平均91.1分(50～100分),其中优59例,良17例,可1例,差5例,优良率为92.7%.合并髋臼骨折行手术治疗的17例患者,14例效果优良.19例腰骶丛神经损伤患者,11例基本恢复,5例不完全恢复,3例无恢复.医源性神经损伤10例,9例完全恢复,1例不全恢复,仍残存足踝背伸力弱.3例发生内固定失效. 结论 手术治疗不稳定骨盆骨折可获得良好疗效,合并严重腰骶丛神经损伤、固定失效及合并髋臼骨折会影响最终疗效.     

The functional outcome of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures: a comparison between isolated cases and polytrauma patients

This study was conducted to analyze the functional outcome of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures in polytrauma patients and isolated cases, and to make a comparison between them. Twenty-eight patients (12 women and 16 men) with an average age of 37 (range, 13 to 60) who had 35 displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures were included in this study. Among these, 17 fractures were due to polytrauma and 18 were due to isolated trauma. According to Sanders CT classification, 19 fractures (54.3%) were classified as type II, 10 fractures (28.5%) as type III and six fractures (17.2%) as type IV. The treatment consisted of operative and closed methods. The average follow-up time was 38 months (range, 18 to 83 months). The functional outcome was evaluated using Maryland Foot Score and there were three (17%) excellent, nine (52.9%) good and five (29.5%) fair results in polytrauma patients Seven (38.8%) excellent, 10 (55.6%) good and one (5.6%) fair results were seen in isolated cases. When compared with isolated cases, the functional outcome of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures in polytrauma patients was worse. With the findings available, it appears that foot trauma is usually ignored and should be treated without delay as for other system injuries in polytrauma patients.     

Operative Behandlung komplexer Azetabulumfrakturen durch den modifizierten erweiterten iliofemoralen Zugang (-Maryland-)

Fourty-nine patients with 50 complex acetabular fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation from August 1993 to February 1996 in a prospectively documented study. The fractures were fixed with small fragment implants through a modified extensile iliofemoral approach (Maryland approach). Thirty-seven patients were polytraumatized with an ISS of 20 pts. on average. In 10 patients the ISS was > 25 pts. Good or anatomic initial fracture reduction with a fragment stepoff K 2 mm could be achieved in 48 fracturers (96 %). Thirty-six patients with 37 fractures could be evaluated after 25 months on average. In 28 fractures (76 %) the functional outcome was good or excellent according to the d'Aubigne and Harris scores. Radiological results were excellent in 21 fractures (57 %) and satisfactory in 12 fractures (Heeg score). In 7 cases (14 %) a postoperative subcutaneous seroma had to be treated surgically. No wound infections, however, were observed. Further complications were secondary a loss of reduction in 4 cases (11 %), relevant heterotopic ossifications (Brooker III/IV) in 5 cases (14 %), and aseptic femoral head necrosis in 2 cases (5 %). In two cases a total hip replacement (THR) for posttraumatic arthritis had to be performed. Two more cases are scheduled for THR due to symptomatic femoral head necrosis. A good joint reconstruction can be achieved through the modified extensile iliofemoral approach (Maryland) in complex fractures of the acetabulum. However, the approach related morbidity seems to be worrisome. In complex fractures with comminution in the roof of the acetabulum the prognosis remains uncertain even in cases where initial anatomic joint reconstruction can be achieved.     

浮肩损伤

目的探讨浮肩损伤（floating shoulder injuries,FSI）的临床特征及治疗方法.方法回顾分析1999年6月至2005年6月收治的36例FSI的临床资料,其中肩胛颈骨折合并同侧锁骨骨折31例、肩锁关节脱位5例.患者均有不同程度的合并损伤,其中肋骨骨折、血气胸和（或）肺挫伤占88.9%.伤后至手术时间为3～43 d,平均9.6 d.术中首先复位固定锁骨骨折或肩锁关节脱位,然后采用改良Judet后方入路处理肩胛颈骨折.肩胛颈骨折合并锁骨骨折或肩锁关节脱位行一期内固定33例,术中仅固定锁骨骨折3例.结果术后随访6～69个月,平均19.7个月.肩胛颈骨折在目标区上均获解剖复位.根据Constant和Murley的疗效标准,术后肩关节功能评分为9～100分,平均81.3分,中位数为93%.按照Herscovici的疗效标准,优25例（69.4%）,良6例（16.7%）,可4例（11.1%）,差1例（2.8%）,疗效优良率为86.1%.术后复发血气胸1例,肩关节外展受限、肩峰下间隙疼痛3例,迟发性肩胛上神经损伤1例,肩关节不稳定继发创伤性关节炎1例.结论FSI使肩胛颈的解剖结构及其上方悬吊装置受到双重破坏,非手术治疗难以纠正不稳定型FSI的三维移位,早期切开复位内固定可取得满意疗效.     

Funktionelle Knochenbruchbehandlung am Oberarm

Using a functional brace, we treated 67 patients who had a fracture of the humeral shaft over a 5-year period from 1987 to 1992. We analysed several parameters of the fractures to discover those which influence healing. Desault, plaster cast or traction were used before applying a brace in an average time of 15 days. The osseous consolidation was 10 weeks in the average. The functional results were very good and good in 78.3%, acceptable in 18.3% and poor in 3.4% of the cases. Twelve humeral-shaft fractures were associated with a radial nerve palsy. Every patient recovered a full radial nerve function under the treatment with a functional brace. The retentive management of an operative treatment of humeral-shaft fractures associated with a nerve injury can be supported because of our experience.     

Ist die Behandlung der instabilen distalen Radiusfraktur beim älteren Menschen mittels Fixateur externe nicht mehr indiziert?

BACKGROUND: In recent years there has been an increasingly marked shift in the operative treatment of unstable fractures of the distal radius. The introduction of locking compression plates has made it possible to extend the indications for palmar stabilisation according to the principles of internal fixation to extension fractures even in osteoporotic bone, and since then the new design has been used more and more widely. First clinical results show very good and good clinical and radiological outcomes in over 80% of cases after locking compression plate osteosynthesis. All this raises the question of whether external fixation is no longer indicated for distal radius fractures in the elderly, or is now no more than a second-line treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Within a 5-year period, 67 patients over 65 years of age were identified among 220 who had had unstable fractures of the distal radius in our hospital with external fixation. The average follow-up period (clinical and radiological examinations) was 37 months. We devoted particular attention to the analysis of complications and problems during the treatment. RESULTS: Complete bone healing was observed in all patients treated with external fixation. In most cases, complications were minor pin-track infections (10%). The radiological follow-up examination revealed radial shortening by an average of 2 mm and an average radial shift of 0.2 mm. The joint angle was 2.5 degrees with lateral irradiation and 18 degrees with dorso-palmar irradiation. According to the Gartland and Werley score, the functional, radiological and subjective outcome was excellent or good in 87% of these patients. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, internal fixation with angular fixed plates has definite benefits. The medium- and long-term follow-up and functional outcome still show no benefits over external fixation, however. External fixation is a genuine option, even if as second-line treatment.     

MasonⅠ、Ⅱ型桡骨小头骨折非手术治疗的比较研究

目的评价并比较对MasonⅠ、Ⅱ型桡骨小头骨折应用功能治疗方法(早期肘关节活动)与传统石膏固定方法的治疗效果,以及对肘关节功能的影响。方法对67例MasonⅠ、Ⅱ型桡骨小头骨折随机分成两组;石膏固定组:长臂石膏固定4周后拆除,开始功能锻炼。功能治疗组:骨折后不用外固定或短期内应用(固定时间3～10d),早期进行关节活动。按照Broberg和Morrey的评定标准对两组肘关节进行功能评分[1]。结果全部病例获得随访,其中石膏组33例,功能治疗组34例;随访时间12～36个月,平均20个月。肘关节功能评分:石膏固定组平均为90.8分,极好14例,好14例,一般5例,优良率达84.8%。功能治疗组平均为96.5分,极好22例,好12例,优良率达100%;功能治疗组明显优于石膏固定组(P<0.01)。结论早期肘关节活动可显著提高MasonⅠ、Ⅱ型桡骨小头骨折后肘关节的功能。     

胫骨平台后侧骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨膝关节后内侧入路和后外侧入路手术治疗胫骨平台后侧骨折的手术方法和临床疗效.方法 2006年1月至2008年6月,采用后侧入路手术治疗胫骨平台后侧骨折获得随访的患者21例,男12例,女9例;年龄28～68岁,平均39.5岁.致伤原因:车祸伤13例,高处坠落伤8例.按Khan骨折分型:后内侧骨折7例,后外侧骨折8例,同时累及后内及后外侧骨折6例;均为新鲜闭合性骨折.采用胫骨平台后内侧入路7例,胫骨平台后外侧入路8例,后内外联合人路6例.结果 21例患者均获得随访,随访时间12～24个月,平均16.2个月.无一例发生切口感染、血管神经损伤、内固定松动及断裂,骨折均愈合,无膝关节内、外翻畸形和骨折再移位.术后Rasmussen膝关节功能为13～30分,平均24.2分,其中优12例,良7例,可2例,优良率为90.5%;Rasmussen放射学评分为10～18分,平均15.6分,其中优13例,良7例,可1例,优良率为95.2%.术后1例膝关节伸屈活动明显受限,经二期关节镜下松解并行功能锻炼后改善;2例发生创伤性关节炎,经向关节内注射玻璃酸钠及口服非甾体类抗炎药物后疼痛缓解.结论 膝关节后内侧和后外侧入路手术治疗胫骨平台后侧骨折,有利于平台后侧骨折的复位和固定,具有暴露清楚、内固定安放方便、创伤小及临床疗效好等优点.运用合适的内固定和恰当的功能锻炼可取得满意的临床疗效.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the operative procedures and clinical result of posteromedial and posterolateral approaches in treatment of posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures. Methods From January 2006 to June 2008, 21 patients of posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures were treated by posteromedial and posterolateral knee approaches. There were 12 males and 9 females. The age ranged from 28 to 68 years, with a mean of 39.5 years. Of the patients, 13 had resulted from a traffic accident and 8 had caused by a fall. As for the state of posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures, 7 patients had a medial condylar.fracture, 8 patients had a lateral condylar fracture and 6 patients had a bilateral condylar fracture. Results A follow-up lasted 12-24 months (mean 16.2 months ) in 21 patients. There was no infection, no varus or valgus of the knee, no nerve injuries and loosening or breakage of the screw. All cases had attained bone union. According to the Rasmussen functional scoring, the results were excellent in 12, good in 7 and fair in 2. The excellent and good rate of clinical results was 90.5%. Radiologic results were graded with the Rasmussen score to evaluate the reduction of fracture. There were excellent in 13, good in 7 and fair in 1. The excellent and good rate of clinical results was 95.2%. Conclusion Posteromedial and posterolateral approaches can facilitate the reduction and fixation for posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures. It has many advantages such as good exposure, less invasion and the excellent clinical results.     

The external fixation in the treatment of humeral diaphyseal fractures: outcomes of 84 cases

We retrospectively review 84 cases of diaphyseal humeral fractures (24 type A, 38 type B, 22 type C of the AO/OTA classification) treated with external fixation (Hoffmann II frame) between 1995 and 2007. Six of these fractures were complicated with radial nerve palsy. Four cases were open fractures. All reductions were achieved closely or through minimal open approaches. All fractures achieved consolidation with an average of 95 days (range 58-140). The six radial nerve palsies had complete spontaneous recovery. According to the Constant score excellent shoulder function was recorded in 54.6% of the cases, good results in 25%, fair in 13.6% and poor in 6.8%. The elbow function according to the Mayo elbow performance index was excellent in 81.8% of cases, good in 13.6%, fair in 2.3%, and poor in 2.3%. We observed superficial pin tract infections in 12% of the patients. There was no cases of deep infection.External fixation of humeral diaphyseal fractures as recorded in this case series, represents a management option, which allows straightforward fracture reduction and adequate stability, with a short operative time, excellent consolidation rate and good functional results with no major complications secondary to this type of surgery.     

Differential therapy in radial head fractures

The therapeutic regimen of radial head fractures, especially of displaced and comminuted types is controversial. The radial head resection has been critically reviewed over the past years. From 1984-1993 and 1996-1999, 105 radial head fractures were treated in our hospital. 74 were subject to clinical and radiological follow-up. Fracture-types were classified according to Mason. Undisplaced fractures were treated conservatively, displaced 2-fragment-fractures by an open reduction and screw fixation, and multifragment-fractures by a radial head resection. The results were studied on a functional and radiological basis using the "Functional Rating Index" of Broberg and Morrey and the radiological Score of Albrecht and Ganz. After conservative therapy over 80 % achieved excellent and good as well as 12.5 % satisfactory and 6.3 % unsatisfactory results. After reduction and internal fixation again 80 % had excellent and good results. After radial head resection excellent and good results were achieved in 54.6 % of the cases, satisfactory results in 24.2 % and in 21.2 % unsatisfactory results, however prognosis-influencing concomitant injuries were often present in the latter group. Using the right indication and technique, the radial head resection still is a recommendable therapeutic procedure with an altogether good prognosis. This especially applies to isolated radial head fractures where excellent and good results can be achieved in approximately 70 %.     

股骨粗隆下骨折的分型与手术治疗策略

目的讨论股骨粗隆下骨折的诊断分型和手术治疗策略,评价采用加长型伽马钉内固定治疗股骨粗隆下骨折的临床疗效。方法自2006-12—2012-12采用加长型伽马钉内固定治疗股骨粗隆下骨折33例,骨折按AO分型．针对不同骨折类型采用不同方法进行辅助复位,复位满意后按伽马钉操作常规置入髓内钉。术后1年采用创伤髋关节评分系统进行功能评价。结果33例均获得随访时间12～36个月,平均18个月。所有骨折均一期愈合。术后1年按创伤髋关节评分系统进行功能评价：优28例,良3例,可2例,优良率93．9％。结论股骨粗隆下骨折的AO分型简单实用,可有效指导临床治疗。采用多功能骨科牵引床牵引结合股骨粗隆下小切口辅助复位、加长伽马钉内固定治疗股骨粗隆下骨折是一种理想的手术方式。     

Outcome following nonoperative treatment of displaced distal radius fractures in low-demand patients older than 60 years

Twenty-five sedentary, low-demand patients older than 60 years were retrospectively evaluated for function and radiographic results following nonoperative treatment of displaced distal radius fractures. The mean age was 72 years and the average follow-up period was 34 months. All patients had radiographic and functional evaluations. The radiographic assessment included a scoring system based on measurements of the final dorsal angle, loss of radial length, and the final radial inclination. The development of radiocarpal and distal radioulnar joint arthrosis was also investigated. The functional assessment included subjective and objective criteria. Overall satisfaction, ability to return to previous activity level or occupation, concern over wrist appearance, and a functional task questionnaire were part of the subjective assessment. Objective assessment included neuromuscular evaluation and measurements of range of motion and grip strength. The final radiographic scores revealed that 6 patients (24%) had excellent results, 11 (44%) had good results, 2 (8%) had fair results, and 6 (24%) had poor results. Six of 10 patients with intra-articular fractures developed progressive wrist arthrosis. Two of 6 patients with radiographic arthrosis had unsatisfactory functional outcome. Five of 8 patients with intra-articular fractures that healed with a residual stepoff >/=2 mm had satisfactory functional outcome; 3 of these 8 patients had unsatisfactory functional outcome. The functional assessment revealed that 22 patients (88%) had excellent or good results and 3 (12%) had fair or poor results. The radiographic outcome did not correlate with the functional outcome. Twenty-three of 25 patients (92%) were satisfied with the overall outcome of the treatment and 22 (88%) were able to return to their previous activity level or occupation. Despite an obvious clinical deformity in over half of the patients, none were unhappy with the clinical appearance of the wrist. According to the functional task questionnaire, jar opening was by far the most difficult task to perform after fracture healing. Functional outcome was satisfactory in most cases; a high level of personal satisfaction and return to previous activity level was observed, regardless of the radiographic result. Nonoperative treatment of distal radius fractures yields satisfactory outcome, especially in those with low functional demands. It also is indicated in poor operative candidates. (J Hand Surg 2000; 25A:19-28.     

肩胛骨颈部骨折合并肱骨头脱位的外科治疗

目的　探讨肩胛骨颈部骨折合并肱骨头脱位或半脱位的解剖学基础及外科治疗方法。方法　 1 992年 7月～ 2 0 0 1年 1 1月收治肩胛骨颈部骨折合并肱骨头脱位或半脱位 7例。骨折部位 :解剖颈骨折 2例 ,其中 1例合并喙突骨折 ;外科颈骨折 5例 ,合并肩胛冈骨折 2例 ,合并体部骨折 1例。 7例中合并肱骨头脱位 1例 ,合并肱骨头半脱位 6例 ,7例均行切开复位 ,钢板螺丝钉内固定术。结果　本组随访时间为 1个月～ 8年 ,7例肩胛骨颈部骨折愈合时间在 6～ 9周。 6例术后功能恢复优良。结论肩胛骨颈部构造特殊 ,手术切开复位内固定适用于不稳定性骨折 ,钢板螺丝钉可有效地对骨折进行固定     

Treatment of unstable extra-articular distal radius fractures by modified intrafocal Kapandji method

The authors prospectively assess the results of surgically treated, unstable extra-articular distal radius fractures from 29 patients with good bone quality. Mean age was 49 years, ranging from 22 to 69 years; the female gender was the most frequently affected (58.6% of the cases). Surgical fixation was indicated for fractures presenting an angulation above 20 degrees , marked dorsal comminution, and radius shortening in excess of 10 mm on initial x-rays (anteroposterior and lateral views). The Kapandji technique, with intrafocal, nonthreaded Kirschner wires, was employed. Clinical data assessed anatomic aspects according to Scheck, functional aspect after Gartland and Werley, strength by Scheck's methods, and esthetic by Frykman's criteria. Functional assessment, according to Gartland and Werley, revealed 72.1% of excellent and good results at 3 months; 89.7% at 6 months; and 96.6% at 12 months. Immediate postoperative reduction was not maintained at the final follow-up at 12 months; however, that loss was not severe, and the anatomic outcome was good and excellent in 96.6% of the cases. Six patients presented complications. Four patients presented reflex sympathetic dystrophy; 1 patient had a superficial Kirschner wire infection, and another patient had radial nerve superficial branch paresthesia. The employed technique showed to be effective in the treatment of unstable, extra-articular fractures of the distal radius. It is easy to learn and to perform. The device employed has a low cost and is widely available in operation rooms.     

微创经皮钢板接骨术治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的探讨微创经皮钢板接骨术(minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis,MIPPO)在肱骨近端骨折的临床应用及疗效。方法回顾性分析我科从2010年5月至2012年2月运用MIPPO技术结合锁定钢板治疗的19例肱骨近端骨折患者,根据NEER分类,属二部分骨折5例,属三部分骨折11例,属四部分骨折3例。围手术期预防性使用抗生素,术后肩关节功能采用Neer评分标准评估。结果本组患者均获随访,随访时间6~12个月,平均8个月。随访的患者均无骨折不愈合、延迟愈合、伤口感染及内固定失败等并发症。术后肩关节功能恢复依据Neer评分标准,优10例,良7例,可2例,总优良率为89.4%。结论采用MIPPO技术治疗肱骨近端骨折具有创伤小、术中术后出血少、伤口美观、固定牢固、骨折愈合率高以及能够早期功能锻炼的优点,值得在治疗肱骨近端骨折中应用推广,但对于粉碎性骨折尚有局限性。     

External minifixation for treatment of closed fractures of the metacarpal bones.

External minifixators were used in the treatment of 63 closed diaphyseal metacarpal bone fractures. A simple half-frame configuration was applied in all the cases. Open reduction was performed in 26%. The mean duration of external fixation was 30 days. There were no cases of nonunion. Anatomical reduction was obtained in 86.6% of the cases. There were no cases of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. The general functional results were very good or good in 96.6%. Open reduction did not significantly alter the final results. External minifixation is usually accepted as a treatment of open metacarpal fractures. Because of the excellent results obtained in our series, we believe that the indications of external minifixation could be enlarged to closed metacarpal bone fractures.     

成人Monteggia骨折48例临床分析

目的 回顾性分析成人Monteggia骨折的手术疗效.方法 1994年9月-2007年1月,对48例成人Monteggia骨折,按Bado和Boyd分型,其中Ⅰ型22例,Ⅱ型17例,Ⅲ型6例,Ⅳ型3例;其中26例(占54.2%)患者合并全身多发损伤,8例合并彬正中/尺神经损伤.44例行尺骨切开复位/截骨矫形内固定,其中选用3.5 mm LC-DCP固定12例,3.5mm重建板19例,张力带8例(经鹰嘴骨折),1/3管型钢板5例;4例行闭合复位克氏针固定.桡骨头脱位均在X线机透视下先行手法复位,对37例复位失败者采用切开复位,其中17例行环状韧带修补或重建,4例行桡骨头部分或完全切除.结果 术后随访时间为6～26个月,平均17个月.根据Broberg和Morrey评分系统评定:本组平均得分为84.2(31～100),其中优17例(占35.4%),良15例(占31.3%),可9例(占18.8%),差7例(占14.6%).疗效可或差16例中,9例为Ⅱ型损伤伴有桡骨头或桡骨颈骨折.术前8例和术后6例合并神经损伤患者均恢复了手部功能.结论 成人Monteggia骨折并发症对预后影响较大.虽然多数患者可取得满意的关节功能,但需重视早期并发症的出现.     

Intra-articular fractures of the hand: treatment by open reduction and internal fixation

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the results of open reduction and internal fixation of intra-articular fractures of the hand. DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Patients were treated at 2 university hospital settings by 2 hand surgeons. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-eight patients with displaced intra-articular fractures of the hand treated with mini-screw/plate fixation were identified from databases maintained by two hand surgeons. There were 23 men and 5 women, with an average age of 35 (range, 18-68) years. INTERVENTION: Titanium mini-plate and screw set was used in all cases. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Total active motion of the digit scored according to the Belsky and Gingrass systems. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients (79%) had excellent or good results, and 6 patients (21%) had poor results. All 5 thumb fractures healed without complication and had excellent results. For the lesser digits, 9 had excellent, 8 had good, and 6 had poor clinical outcomes. Poor outcomes were identified in patients with comminuted (P = 0.01) or open (P < 0.001) fractures. Other complications included superficial infection and hardware prominence, both of which occurred in patients with distal phalanx dorsal lip fractures (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Open reduction and internal fixation of articular fractures of the joints of the hand seems to be an effective treatment method for these difficult fracture patterns. We identified excellent or good outcomes in 79% of our patient group. Patients with open or comminuted fractures were found to have poor results.     

微创LISS接骨板治疗股骨远端C型骨折疗效评价

目的评价微创固定系统（Less Invasive Stabilization Systems，LISS）接骨板治疗股骨远端C型骨折临床疗效。方法自2005年10月至2007年10月，采用微创LISS接骨板固定治疗13例股骨远端C型骨折患者。其中男性9例，女性4例，年龄24～59岁，平均39．5岁。根据AO分型，C1型7例，C2型4例，C3型2例，均为闭合性骨折。疗效评判采用Merchant评分系统。结果术后随访4～13个月，平均9．5个月，13例患者均得到随访。所有病例无感染发生。骨折全部愈合，愈合时间为术后10～16周，平均12周，膝关节功能用Merchant评分系统评价，优8例，良4例，可1例。术后优良率为92．31％。结论应用微创内固定系统-LISS接骨板固定治疗股骨远端C型骨折疗效满意，术后并发症少，膝关节功能恢复良好，是一种比较理想的治疗方法。