槟榔临床新用

槟榔,为棕榈科植物槟榔的种子,又名大腹子。性温,味苦辛,无毒。入脾、胃、大肠经。有杀虫、破积、下气、行水之功效。常用于虫积、食滞、脘腹胀痛、泻痢后重、疟疾、水肿、脚气等病的治疗。现临床也可用之治疗多种疾病,有独特的疗效。1　支气管哮喘证属风寒束肺,失于宣肃,气逆痰壅之象,运用槟榔以增轻泻降浊作用。槟榔15 g ,厚朴、桂枝各6 g ,苏子、姜半夏、前胡、当归、杏仁各9g ,麻黄、甘草各3g ,水煎服,1日1剂。2　病毒性心肌炎以流感病毒感染者为多,现代药理研究报道,槟榔对流感病毒有抑制作用。槟榔、紫草、炙甘草、麦冬、麻仁、生地、…     

医务人员医德规范卫生部

<正> 一、救死扶伤,实行社会主义的人道主义。时刻为病人着想,千方百计为病人解除病痛。二、尊重病人的人格与权利,对待病人,不分民族、性别、职业、地位、财产状况,都应一视同仁。三、文明礼貌服务。举止端庄,语言文明,态度和蔼,同情、关心和体贴病人。四、廉洁奉公。自觉遵纪守法,不以医谋私。     

超声在肝胆脾胰疾病检查中的临床价值

目的通过超声对肝、胆、脾、胰的检查,分析肝、胆、脾、胰的常见病,多发病,并探讨不同疾病的影像特点。方法本组2000例。均为门诊患者,均早晨空腹进行检查。结果在2000例中,检出1100例患有肝、胆、脾、胰的疾病,占总例数的55%。总患病数1249例。结论胆囊炎、脂肪肝、感染性弥漫性肝病、胆囊结石发病较多,胆囊炎、胆囊结石、脂肪肝女性发病较多,女性患病大于男性;感染性弥漫性肝病、肝硬化,男性发病较多,男性发病高于女性。     

常规病理制片、染色的质量控制和提高

常规病理制片、染色是最经常、最广泛应用的病理检验技术。其质量的优劣直接影响医疗、科研、教学工作的质量,所以至关重要。 要提高常规病理制片、染色的质量、首先要有一个准确的、病理工作者公认的质量标准。 1、切片完整,薄。以3微米为最佳。 2、无折叠、破烂。 3、染色清晰,透光性好,色泽艳丽,红蓝相映,对比鲜明。 4、光学显微镜下;①低倍镜检查:组织结构清楚,分明。②、高倍镜检查:细胞形态、结构清晰。③、显微照像:图片分明。     

吃鱼治病对症下手

鱼肉中富含蛋白质、氨基酸,对促进智力发育、降低胆固醇和血液黏稠度,预防心脑血管疾病具有明显的作用。因此,经常吃鱼对健康有好处。鱼的种类很多,在中医看来,不同的鱼对人体健康所起的作用各不相同。★鲤鱼治咳嗽鲤鱼味甘、性平,有利水、消肿、下气、通乳、止咳、安胎、消除黄疸、镇惊的作用,适用于水肿、咳嗽、气喘、胎动不安、小儿惊风、癫痫等病症。此外,由于鲤鱼的视网膜上含有大量的维生素A,因此,吃鲤鱼眼睛可以起到很好的明目效果。咳嗽、气喘时,可用鲤鱼头一个,与姜、醋、蒜泥同煮,吃后能起到一定的缓解作用。患有癫痫的人,则可以…     

道家养生是什么

正中国道家思想的一个核心,乃是向往长生不老。基于这一思想形成了道家对养生学的研究和养生术的追求。道家养生,提倡"性命双修"。性,乃天赋之性。包含着人的精神、心理、气质、品性、意志、情趣,以及人性的本能诸方面。命,乃客观之命,表现在人的生、死、强、弱、智、愚、贫、富,以及人的时运等各     

心肌梗死的护理

心肌梗死如能早期及时发现 ,采取对症处理是预防并发症 ,改善预后 ,降低死亡率的关键。因此 ,良好及时的护理至关重要。现将此病的护理体会总结如下。1　病情观察1 1　症状观察护理中应了解他们的主诉 ,自觉症状的好转、恶化、有无新的不适 ,与药物等治疗有无联系。并注意观察患者的意识、心率、心律、血压、呼吸、如出现意识障碍、面色苍白 ,、出冷汗、四肢湿冷、心率增快及血压下降、则提示心源性休克。如出现呼吸困难 ,紫绀加重、咳嗽、喘、咳泡沫痰 ,则提示出现急性左心衰竭。对病情变化应立即就地抢救 ,减少搬动。开放静脉通道 ,这样有…     

槟榔临床新用

槟榔,为棕榈科植物槟榔的种子,又名大腹子。性温,味苦辛,无毒。入脾、胃、大肠经。有杀虫、破积、下气、行水之功效。常用于虫积、食滞、脘腹胀痛、泻痢后重、疟疾、水肿、脚气等病的治疗。现临床也可用之治疗多种疾病,有独特的疗效。1.支气管哮喘证属风寒束肺,失于宣肃,气逆痰壅之象,运用槟榔以增轻泻降浊作用。槟榔15克,厚朴、桂枝各6克,苏子、姜半夏、前胡、当归、杏仁、各9克,麻黄、甘草各3克,水煎服,1日1剂。2.病毒性心肌炎以流感病毒感染者为多,现代药理研究报道,槟榔对流感病毒有抑制作用。槟榔、紫草、炙甘草、麦冬、麻仁、生地、丹…     

居丧反应心理咨询案例

患者,女,50岁,已婚,退休工人。家族史无特殊。平时性格开朗,爱说、爱笑、重感情。但在养母去世后的一个多月里,一直陷于悲伤、抑郁、悲痛和孤独的情绪中,失眠、不思进食、体重减轻、口干、多喝、多尿。就诊时意识清楚,对答切题,音调低沉、     

健康之路自己走(六) 微量元素与老年健康(上)

微量元素,顾名思义是构成身体元素组成的一部分,含量极微,但不可缺少。微量元素与老年健康的研究是一个新课题,是涉及多学科、多领域的新兴学科,与医学临床、药学、生物学、食品营养学以及环境自然科学的关系密不可分。大量科学研究证实,人的生、老、病、死与体内微量元素息息相关。人体由各种化学元素组成,根据元素在体内的含量,可分为宏量元素与微量元素。宏量元素包括:氧、碳、氢、氮、钙、硫、磷、钠、钾、氯和镁,共11种。是构成人体皮肤、肌肉、骨骼、体液等不可缺少的元素。如钙、磷是构成骨骼、牙齿的重要成分;钠、钾、氯是维持身体…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.