阿魏酸钠对MCAO大鼠缺血／再灌注损伤p38MAPK信号通路的影响

目的 探讨阿魏酸钠(SF)在抗大鼠脑缺血/再灌注损伤过程中对p38MAPK信号通路的影响.方法 采用线栓法阻塞大鼠大脑中动脉(MCAO)建立大鼠局灶性脑缺血/再灌注损伤模型,大鼠于MCAO前1 h股静脉注射不同剂量SF100 mg/kg、50 mg/kg、20 mg/kg及p38MAPK抑制剂SB203580,观察各组脑缺血再灌注损伤后大鼠神经学评分,TUNEL法检测神经细胞的凋亡及Westernblot检测p38MAPK、p-p38MAPK蛋白表达.结果 假手术组无神经学改变,SF100 mg/kg、50 mg/kg及p38MAPK抑制剂SB203580组神经学评分明显低于缺血再灌注组(P<0.05),各用药组间无明显差异.SF100 mg/kg、50 mg/kg、20 mg/kg及p38MAPK抑制剂SB203580TUNEL阳性细胞率(%)均较缺血再灌注组明显下降.假手术组未见p-p38MAPK表达,缺血再灌注组p-p38MAPK显著增高,SF100 mg/kg、50 mg/kg、20 mg/kg对脑组织总p38MAPK表达影响不明显(P>0.05),主要下调p-p38MAPK表达.结论 阿魏酸钠对大鼠缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用机制可能与抑制p38MAPK信号传导通路有关.     

痤疮汤治疗痤疮的机制及对p38MAPK信号通路的影响

目的 探讨痤疮汤治疗痤疮的机制及对p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路的影响.方法 痤疮模型大鼠分为3组,即模型组、痤疮汤低剂量组和痤疮汤高剂量组,另未造模大鼠为对照组(注射生理盐水),每组各16只,连续给药10 d.记录各组大鼠给药后的耳廓形态、耳廓病理、计数其炎症细胞及耳廓厚度,检测血清中p38MAPK通路...     

急性胰腺炎患者单个核细胞中p38MAPK、磷酸化p38MAPK水平变化及意义

目的探讨急性胰腺炎(AP)患者外周血单个核细胞p38MAPK基因表达及其与疾病严重程度的关系。方法采用实时荧光PCR法检测29例轻型胰腺炎(MAP)患者(MAP组)、23例重症胰腺炎(SAP)患者(SAP组)及21例查体健康者(对照组)外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)p38MAPK mRNA表达水平,Western blot法检测PBMCp38MAPK和磷酸化p38MAPK(P-p38MAPK)蛋白表达水平。结果 p38MAPK mRNA表达水平:SAP组明显高于对照组(P<0.05),MAP组与对照组比较无显著差异;p38MAPK总蛋白量SAP组明显高于对照组(P<0.05),MAP组与对照组比较无显著差异;P-p38MAPK水平SAP组明显高于对照组和MAP组(P<0.01、<0.05);MAP组明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 p38MAPK磷酸化水平在AP患者PBMC中显著升高,并与AP严重程度呈正相关。     

硫化氢在外源性SB203580预处理人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞增殖中的作用

目的探讨硫化氢(H2S)供体硫氢化钠(Na HS)对人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞增殖的影响及可能机制。方法体外培养SKOV3细胞,随机分为正常对照组、Na HS组、SB203580组、Na HS+SB203580组,采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法检测各组SKOV3细胞增殖,流式细胞术检测各组SKOV3细胞周期分布,Western印迹检测各组SKOV3细胞中P-p38MAPK蛋白表达。结果与正常对照组比较,Na HS组SKOV3细胞增殖明显增加,G1期细胞明显减少,S期细胞明显增加,且p-p38MAPK表达明显增加(均P<0.01);SB203580组、Na HS+SB203580组SKOV3细胞增殖均明显减少,G1期细胞均明显增加,S期细胞均明显减少,且p-p38MAPK表达均明显降低(均P<0.01)。而与Na HS组比较,SB203580组、Na HS+SB203580组SKOV3细胞增殖均明显减少,G1期细胞均明显增加,S期细胞均明显减少,且p-p38MAPK表达均明显降低(均P<0.01);与SB203580组比较,Na HS+SB203580组SKOV3细胞的增殖明显增加,G1期细胞明显减少,S期细胞明显增加,且p-p38MAPK表达明显增加(均P<0.01)。结论 H2S可能通过活化p38MAPK信号通路促进SKOV3细胞增殖。     

p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在肿瘤治疗中的作用

p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)最早因为与应激相关而引起注意,近来发现它在多种肿瘤包括宫颈癌,卵巢癌,肝癌,淋巴瘤中,与凋亡的启动、细胞周期的静止等密切相关,并且具有细胞特异性,在不同肿瘤细胞作用并不相同,甚至起了完全相反的作用.因此,具体研究p38MAPK信号途径在各种肿瘤及正常细胞中的作用可为进一步的肿瘤治疗提供理论指导.     

异氟醚吸入对新生大鼠认知功能的影响及p38MAPK抑制剂的干预作用

目的探讨p38细胞内丝裂原活化蛋白激酶通路（MAPK）通路在异氟醚诱发新生大鼠认知功能障碍中的作用。方法将60只7日龄SD大鼠随机分为5组各12只。其中A组正常饲养;B、C组均置于自制麻醉气体吸入箱中并分别吸入1.2%、1.8%异氟醚,D、E组处理分别同B、C组,但在吸入异氟醚前30 min腹腔注射p38MAPK抑制剂SB203580。6周后各组均进行行为学实验观察逃逸潜伏期（T1）、空间探索时间（T2）,并取海马组织采用Western blot法测定p38蛋白含量。结果 B、C组T1均显著长于A组,而D、E组分别显著短于B、C组（P均〈0.05）;B、C组T2均显著短于A组,而D、E组分别显著长于B、C组;B、C组海马区p38蛋白含量显著高于A组,而D、E组分别显著低于B、C组（P均〈0.05）。结论异氟醚诱发新生大鼠认知功能障碍与p38MAPK通路活化有密切关系,抑制该通路活化可减轻认知功能损害。     

硫化氢通过调控p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶抑制阿霉素引起的心肌细胞损伤

目的 研究硫化氢(H2S)是否通过调控p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)通路保护H9c2心肌细胞对抗阿霉素(DOX)引起的损伤.方法 应用DOX处理心肌细胞建立心肌细胞损伤模型.为观察H2S的保护作用,在DOX处理心肌细胞前,应用400 μmol/L硫氢化钠(NaHS,为H2S的供体)预处理细胞30 min.Western blot法测定p38MAPK蛋白的表达水平;应用细胞计数试剂盒8(CCK-8)比色法测定细胞存活率;Hoechst 33258核染色法观察细胞凋亡的形态学改变;双氯荧光素(DCFH-DA)染色荧光显微镜照相测定细胞内活性氧(ROS)水平.结果 在15 ～60min的时间范围内,5μmol/L DOX呈时间依赖性地上调心肌细胞磷酸化p38MAPK的表达水平;在DOX作用心肌细胞前,400 μmol/L NaHS预处理30 min能明显地抑制DOX对p-p38MAPK表达的上调作用,并能显著地阻断DOX引起的心肌细胞损伤,使细胞存活率升高、凋亡细胞数量和ROS生成均减少;与NaHS的保护作用相似,p38MAPK的抑制剂SB203580(3 μmol/L)预处理60 min能保护H9c2心肌细胞对抗DOX引起的损伤.结论 p38MAPK通路参与DOX对心肌细胞的损伤作用;H2S可通过抑制p38MAPK通路保护心肌细胞对抗DOX诱导的损伤.     

棘球蚴MAPK信号转导通路的研究进展北大核心CSCD

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen activated protein kinase,MAPK)是介导细胞反应的重要信号分子,受到刺激后磷酸化进入核内,激活靶基因。MAPK信号转导通路与多种疾病的发生和发展密切相关。近年来研究发现,该信号通路参与棘球蚴的生长和发育调控。本文就有关棘球蚴MAPK信号转导通路的研究进展作一综述。     

熊果酸对高血压大鼠心肌纤维化及p38活化的影响

目的:观察熊果酸(UA)对高血压大鼠心肌纤维化的影响。方法:行腹主动脉结扎构建高血压大鼠心肌纤维化模型,实验大鼠分为假手术组、模型组、UA低、中、高剂量组[分别为10 mg/(kg·d)、20 mg/(kg·d)、40 mg/(kg·d)],每日灌胃给药1次。干预2个月后,测定血压、心脏重量指数(HMI)、左室重量指数(LVMI)、心功能指数、心肌细胞横径、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达和胶原体积分数。免疫印迹法测定p38磷酸化。免疫沉淀法测定p38活性。结果:UA能显著降低模型组心肌p38磷酸化及活性,下调血压、CHMI、LVMI、心肌细胞横径、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达和胶原体积分数,抑制心肌纤维化导致的心功能下降。结论:UA能抑制高血压大鼠心肌纤维化,抑制p38活化是其机制之一。     

p38 MAPK信号转导通路与脑缺血

p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（mitogen．activatedproteinkinase，MAPK）是一类重要的细胞内信号转导通路，其主要作用是参与炎症调节和细胞凋亡。脑缺血时，p38 MAPK被激活，其表达水平以及上游和下游蛋白磷酸化水平均发生改变。缺血预处理可能通过p38 MAPK信号转导通路介导脑缺血后神经细胞的存亡。     

p38MAPK信号转导通路与脑缺血

p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)是一类重要的细胞内信号转导通路,其主要作用是参与炎症调节和细胞凋亡.脑缺血时,p38 MAPK被激活,其表达水平以及上游和下游蛋白磷酸化水平均发生改变.缺血预处理可能通过p38 MAPK信号转导通路介导脑缺血后神经细胞的存亡.     

Role of reactive oxygen species in the regulation of cardiac contractility

Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been linked to the pathogenesis of contractile dysfunction in heart failure. However, it is unclear whether ROS can regulate physiological cellular processes in the myocardium. Here, we characterized the role of endogenous ROS production in the acute regulation of cardiac contractility in the intact rat heart. In isolated perfused rat hearts, endothelin-1 (ET-1, 1 nmol/L) stimulated ROS formation in the left ventricle, which was prevented by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine and the NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin. N-acetylcysteine, the superoxide dismutase mimetic MnTMPyP, and apocynin significantly attenuated ET-1-mediated inotropic effect, which was accompanied by inhibition of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation. Moreover, the mitochondrial K_ATP channel blocker 5-HD, and the mitochondrial large conductance calcium activated potassium channel blocker paxilline, but not the sarcolemmal K_ATP channel blocker HMR 1098 attenuated the inotropic response to ET-1. However, ET-1-induced ROS generation was not abolished by inhibiting mitochondrial K_ATP channel opening. In contrast to ET-1 stimulation, the positive inotropic effect of β₁-adrenergic receptor agonist dobutamine (250 nmol/L) was significantly augmented by N-acetylcysteine and apocynin. Moreover, dobutamine-induced phospholamban phosphorylation was markedly enhanced by apocynin. In conclusion, NAD(P)H oxidase-derived ROS play a physiological role in the acute regulation of cardiac contractility in the intact rat heart. Our results reveal that ET-1-induced increase in cardiac contractility is partially dependent on enhanced ROS generation, which in turn, activates the ERK1/2 pathway. On the other hand, β-adrenergic receptor-induced positive inotropic effect and phospholamban phosphorylation is enhanced by NAD(P)H oxidase inhibition.     

衰老对硝酸酯类药物引起活性氮介质和活性氧介质增高的影响

目的:以往研究显示,硝酸酯类药物和衰老都会引发体内活性氧介质(ROS)和活性氮介质(RNS)的增加,本研究旨在探讨年龄是否会影响硝酸酯类药物的这种促进作用。方法:75例不稳定心绞痛患者,分成32例中年组和43例老年两组。所有患者均给予硝酸酯类药物(50μg/min)48h。在试验开始时和用药48小时时,获取血样标本,对血样中的ROS[丙二醛(MDA),髓过氧化物酶(MPO)和还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)]和RNS(硝基、亚硝基,NOX;过氧亚硝酸阴离子,ONOO-)]的水平进行检测。结果:硝酸酯类药物的使用,引起中年组血浆MDA水平[用药前(1.22±0.37)nmol/m L,用药后(1.61±0.47)nmol/m L,P0.05]增加60%;老年组MDA水平[用药前(2.07±0.77)nmol/m L,用药后(4.05±0.80)nmol/m L,P0.05],增加140%;GSH两组分别减少了9%和48%;硝酸酯类药物使用前,老年组血浆硝基化酪氨酸(398.29±117.0)nmol/L水平为仅为中年组(296.57±120.48)nmol/L的105%,药物使用48h后,老年组血浆硝基化酪氨酸水平(1 182.30±295.01)nmol/L增高到中年组(610.82±217.36)nmol/L,增高210%。结论:在硝酸酯类药物的使用过程中,除了药物本身增加机体内ROS和RNS,年龄增加能够促进硝酸酯类药物的这种作用。     

Reactive oxygen species-sensitive p38 MAPK controls thrombin-induced migration of vascular smooth muscle cells

Thrombin has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis, in which migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is a crucial event. Thrombin-stimulated VSMC migration is associated with increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and production of growth factors and chemoattractants. In this study, we examined the interrelation of these signals to determine the pathway controlling thrombin-directed migration of human VSMC. Our results show that thrombin stimulated the production of ROS and activation of p38 MAPK. ROS were required for thrombin-induced VSMC migration since both generation of ROS and cell migration were significantly attenuated by inhibitors of NAD(P)H oxidase, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and apocynin (Apo.), and by the hydrogen peroxide scavenger, catalase (Cat.). Activation of p38 MAPK by thrombin was inhibited by DPI, Apo. and Cat., indicating ROS are used as messengers for activating this kinase. p38 MAPK is an important step since SB 203580, a selective inhibitor of p38 MAPK, suppressed the cell migration induced by thrombin. Furthermore, thrombin increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a chemoattractant for VSMC, and this expression was inhibited by DPI, Apo., Cat. and SB 203580. Addition of anti-VEGF antibody significantly attenuated thrombin-induced migration. Collectively, the data presented here show that thrombin has stimulated VSMC migration and VEGF expression through an ROS-sensitive p38 MAPK pathway. VEGF synthesized and released by the cell served as a secondary mediator in thrombin-directed migration.     

雌激素与活性氧

大量证据表明活性氧(ROS)对心脑血管疾病的发生和发展有重要影响。它可以直接氧化膜脂质和DNA,造成细胞氧化损伤和异常;同时还作为信使参与细胞各种生理和病理活动,例如调节基因表达和信号转导。近几年,雌激素对心脑血管疾病的保护作用越来越受到人们的重视,它主要参与细胞内的氧化应激反应,但在某些方面也存在争议。     

抑制p38MAPK对大鼠缺血再灌注损伤心肌中TNF—α表达及细胞凋亡的影响

目的：探讨p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（p38MAPK）抑制剂对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心肌细胞凋亡和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）表达的影响。方法：将30只SD大鼠按随机数字法随机均分为空白对照组、缺血再灌注组和抑制剂组,各10只。检测各组p38MAPK mRNA表达,TNF—α水平及心肌细胞凋亡率,并进行比较分析。结果：与空白对照组比较,缺血再灌注组TNF-α[（3．68±0．16）μg／L比（5．02±0．09）μg／L3、p38MAPK mRNA的表达[（1．76±0．46）比（2．35±0．02）]和心肌细胞凋亡率[-（3．51±0．40）％比-（1．8±0．23）％]显著升高（P均=0．001）。抑制剂组p38MAPK mRNA的表达[（2．09±0．16）]、TNF-α水平[（4．15±0．11）μg／L]及心肌细胞凋亡[-（2．9±0．50）％]均较缺血再灌注组显著降低（P均=0．001）。结论：通过抑制大鼠心肌p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶的表达能减少肿瘤坏死因子-α的生成,减少心肌细胞凋亡,进而减轻心肌细胞缺血再灌注损伤。     

Nitroglycerine causes mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production: in vitro mechanistic insights

BACKGROUND: Nitroglycerine (GTN) is an organic nitrate that has been used for more than 100 years. Despite its widespread clinical use, several aspects of the pharmacology of GTN remain elusive. In a recent study, the authors of the present study showed that GTN causes opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). OBJECTIVE: In the present study, it was tested whether GTN-induced ROS production depends on mitochondrial potassium ATP-dependent channel or mPTP opening, and/or GTN biotransformation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Isolated rat heart mitochondria were incubated with succinate (a substrate for complex II) and GTN, causing immediate ROS production, as manifested by chemiluminescence. This ROS production was prevented by concomitant vitamin C incubation. Conversely, inhibitors of potassium ATP-dependent channels, mPTP opening or of GTN biotransformation did not modify ROS production. CONCLUSIONS: GTN triggers mitochondrial ROS production independently of the opening of mitochondrial channels and/or of GTN biotransformation. The present data, coupled with previous evidence published by the same authors that GTN causes opening of mPTPs, provide further evidence on the pharmacology of GTN. It is proposed that GTN causes direct uncoupling of the respiratory chain, which determines ROS production and subsequent mPTP opening. The clinical implications of these findings are also discussed.     

高压氧治疗对一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病大鼠海马组织中炎症因子表达的影响

目的 研究高压氧(HBO)治疗对一氧化碳中毒(COP)后迟发性脑病(DEACMP)大鼠海马组织中炎症因子表达的影响.方法 将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组(NC组)、迟发性脑病组(DEACMP组)、高压氧治疗组(HBO组),每组16只,另12只备用补充.Morris水迷宫检测各组大鼠学习记忆能力;HE染色法观察各...     

睡眠剥夺对大鼠颞下颌关节髁突组织p38信号通路相关蛋白表达的影响

目的 探讨睡眠剥夺对大鼠颞下颌关节（TMJ）的破坏作用及对p38信号通路相关蛋白表达的影响.方法 将40只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为SD组和对照组.SD组采用改良多平台法建立睡眠剥夺模型.于制模4d后处死两组大鼠,HE染色观察TMJ髁突组织病理学变化,免疫组化SP法检测TMJ髁突组织p38信号通路相关蛋白MKK6、p38表达.结果 SD组TMJ髁突表面可见部分胶原纤维水肿、松解,出现炎症反应;SD组MKK6、p38阳性细胞率均高于对照组;MKK6、p38蛋白表达阳性率均高于对照组（P＜0.05）.结论 大鼠睡眠剥夺时TMJ出现病理性改变,p38信号通路可能参与了TMJ关节破坏的病理过程.