异基因造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病104例临床分析

目的:评价异基因造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病的疗效.方法:对1999年12月至2010年1月间在湘雅医院接受异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)的104例恶性血液病患者进行回顾性分析.采用Kaplan-Meier法计算移植后患者移植相关死亡率(TRM)、复发率(RR)、5年总生存率(OS)及5年无病生存率(DFS...     

Relapse risk assessment of transplantation for patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia

Objective To analyse the risk factors of relapse before bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and to present the prognostic information as good as possible. Methods A total of 3142 patients, who underwent the allogeneic blood or bone marrow transplantation between 1989 and 1997 and were documented in the European Group for Blood and Marrow transplantation (EBMT), were included. Six possible risk factors including type of donor, stage of disease, age, gender, donor?-recipient sex combination and the waiting time from diagnosis to transplation of relapse were considered. The time to relapse was analysed by Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression with stratification on prognostic factors that did not satisfy the Proportional Hazard Assumption. Results An amount of 447 patients relapsed out of all 3142 patients. The relapse rate was 14.2%. Type of donor and stage of disease showed a clear prognostic effect, but failed the proportional hazard assumption. Therefore, the data were stratified on the combination of type of donor and stage of disease. Within these strata an additional significant effect of age could be observed. Relative risk of age ≥40 vs age <40 was 1.32 (95% confidence interval 1.09-1.59). The prognostic model is summarized graphically. Conclusions The combination of type of donor, stage of disease and age of recipient at transplantation are important prognostic factors for relapse after BMT.     

自体外周血造血干细胞移植术后免疫重建及免疫治疗的临床研究

目的观察自体外周血造血干细胞移植术后免疫重建和免疫治疗情况.方法选择56例2001年3月～2003年5月自体外周血干细胞移植患者,分别以血常规中淋巴细胞百分比、绝对计数,血清球蛋白含量,CD3 、CD4 、CD8 细胞百分比及CD4 /CD8 为观察指标,监测移植后淋巴细胞数量和功能的恢复情况.以大剂量IL-2作为移植后免疫治疗药物,观察治疗后感染和本病复发情况.结果移植前血清球蛋白含量、淋巴细胞百分比和计数与移植后1个月存在显著性差异,而与移植后3个月的统计结果无显著性差异.移植后1个月CD8 淋巴细胞比例即恢复正常,但CD4 细胞明显低于正常,CD4 /CD8 明显低于移植前.56例患者中12例死于感染和疾病复发,其余患者已无病存活5～30个月,其中6例患者出现带状疱疹感染,经抗病毒治疗后痊愈.结论造血干细胞移植后,患者淋巴细胞计数及功能均较移植前明显减低.以IL-2为主的免疫治疗,作用较肯定,且无严重毒副作用,适于临床广泛应用.     

双份无关供者脐血移植治疗成人体重急性白血病

目的 探索非亲缘性双份脐血移植（CBT）治疗成人体重急性白血病的可行性及并发症的防治。方法 对3例成人体重（〉50kg）急性白血病患者（1例ALL-NR，2例ANLL．CRl）进行双份无关供者脐血移植，预处理方案采用白消安／环磷酰胺（BU／Cy）方案加抗胸腺细胞球蛋白（ATG），移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）的预防用环胞菌素A（CsA）、甲氨蝶呤（MTX）及霉酚酸酯（MMF）±赛尼哌（Zenapax）；肝静脉闭塞病（VOD）的预防用低分子右旋糖酐及肝素。结果 例1、例2中性粒细胞绝对值（ANC）〉0．5×10^9／L的时间分别为＋17d、＋16d。血小板〉50×10^9／L的时间为＋40d、＋37d；DNA指纹图分别在＋18d、＋21d外周血VNTR检测显示为供者1型；例1＋33d骨髓象完全缓解；＋120d出现复发。例2染色体核型为46，XY；于＋55d血型转为A型。目前已无病存活50个月。例3于＋27d回输自体外周血干细胞，恢复自身造血，目前无病生存46个月。结论 对于成人体重受者接受HLA配型部分相合的2份脐血移植在临床上是可行的。     

骨髓移植治疗白血病的临床研究

本文报告骨髓移植（BMT）治疗白血病27例，其中异基因BMT（allo－BMT）22例，同基因BMT（syn－BMT）1例，自体BMT（ABMT）4例。经allo－BMT及syn－BMT治疗的23例白血病患者中现有14例（60．9％）无病存活，最短已＞3年，最长已＞11年，死亡9例，其主要原因为各种并发症。ABMT4例，现存活1例，自移植后已无病存活＞2年，3例死亡，其主要原因为白血病复发。     

肾移植术后早期死亡25例分析

对１９８７～１９９４年在本院接受尸体肾移植的３９５例患者中早期（３个月内）死亡的２５例做回顾性分析。结果表明心功能衰竭、败血症、肺部感染是肾移植术后早期死亡的主要原因。提示严格手术适应症的选择、加强移植前后心血管功能的监护及透析管理、合理应用激素，控制感染发生、正视人肾存活的关系、重视术前随机多次淋巴细胞毒试验结果等，均能降低死亡率，提高人肾存活。     

自体造血干细胞移植治疗高危难治淋巴瘤生存分析

目的：探讨高危难治淋巴瘤患者自体外周血造血（APBSCT ）干细胞移植治疗后的预后与生存情况。方法回顾性分析该院110例高危难治淋巴瘤行APBSCT患者的随访资料,采用Kaplan‐Meier生存分析和Cox比例风险回归法分析影响患者APBSCT治疗后的生存及预后因素。结果110例患者中位生存时间39．4个月,移植后3年总生存（OS）率及无进展生存（PFS）率分别为80．9％和76．4％。移植前完全缓解（CR）状态（P＝0．016）、移植后巩固治疗（P＝0．006）的高危难治淋巴瘤APB‐SCT患者预后良好;而IPI评分大于2分、血清乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）偏高、骨髓浸润、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的高危难治淋巴瘤APBSCT患者预后差（P＜0．05）。结论高危难治淋巴瘤患者行APBSCT治疗可以提高远期生存率。     

自体外周血造血干细胞移植治疗恶性淋巴瘤的远期疗效

目的：观察自体外周血造血干细胞移植治疗恶性淋巴瘤的远期疗效。方法：我院行自体外周血造血干细胞移植治疗的恶性淋巴瘤患者共39例,其中非霍奇金淋巴瘤32例,霍奇金淋巴瘤7例,移植前状态：移植前患者达CR1 21例,CR。9例,PR9例。结果：移植后CR32例,PR7例,无移植相关死亡。全部病例随访至2014年2月,随访时间6～105个月,3年以上23例,5年以上16例。1例霍奇金恶性淋巴瘤Ⅳb期患者（病理分型为混合细胞型）移植后11个月出现复发,移植后13个月死亡。1例弥漫大B淋巴瘤移植后6个月死于肝功能衰竭,8例NHL患者分别于移植后21,25,26,27,31,32,63,83个月死于复发或进展。其余29例存活至今（CR22例,带瘤生存7例）,3年无事件生存率（EFS）为78．3％（18／23）和;5年EFS为56．2％（9／16）;总生存率74．4％（29／39）。结论：自体外周血造血干细胞移植作为恶性淋巴瘤患者缓解后的巩固治疗比单纯化疗有更好的疗效,对提高无事件生存率和总生存率可能有益,值得进一步探讨。     

激活骨髓自体移植治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病

目的　探讨激活骨髓 (ABM)自体移植作为急性早幼粒细胞白血病 (APL)缓解后巩固强化治疗的意义。方法　 31例病人 ,第一次完全缓解 (CR1) 2 7例、CR2 3例、第二次复发部分缓解 (PR) 1例 ;移植预处理方案 :2 7例接受MACC(马法兰、阿糖胞苷、环磷酰胺、环己亚硝脲 )方案 ,5例用TBI +CY(全身放疗 +环磷酰胺 )方案 ;荧光原位杂交测定PML/RARα融合基因 ;用Kaplan Meier生存曲线评估移植后无病生存率 ,COX回归模型分析性别、PML/RARα阳性、移植前状态 (CR1与CR2和PR)、初治时白细胞 (WBC)和血小板 (PBC)值对无病生存的影响。结果　CR1病人移植后无一例复发 ,移植后无病生存期 3～ 113个月、中位无病生存期 4 6个月 ,5年无病生存率为 10 0 % ;CR2病人 1例于移植后 19个月复发 ,另 2例分别无病生存为 7与 4 8个月 ;PR患者在移植后获CR 8个月复发。移植后全部病人均获得造血重建 ,无一例死于移植相关并发症。多因素分析长生存与移植前状态相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而与性别、PML/RARα阳性、初诊时WBC和PBC数无关 ;诱导缓解后PML/RARα阳性与初诊时WBC和PBC数相关。结论　激活骨髓自体移植治疗CR后的APL病人能降低复发率和提高无病生存率、尤是CR1后的APL病人。     

异基因造血干细胞移植治疗儿童急性髓系白血病的临床观察

目的 总结分析异基因造血干细胞移植（allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,allo-HSCT）治疗儿童急性髓系白血病（acute myeloid leukemia,AML）的临床疗效,发现可能影响预后的相关因素。方法 收集2006年1月至2016年1月首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院血液肿瘤中心确诊为AML并进行allo-HSCT治疗的病例,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线评估患者的总生存率（overall survival,OS）,采用Log-rank检验进行不同组别比较。多因素分析采用Cox回归法分析影响预后的相关因素。结果 共收集46例病例,中位随访时间27个月。存活31例,15例死亡,8例复发。5年OS为（61.1±8.7）%,中位生存时间为77.3个月,5年累积复发率为（16.0±6.0）%。Log-rank检验结果显示前期后期不同移植方案、移植前缓解状态、缓解次数、不同供者来源、是否合并移植物抗宿主病在对OS影响上差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多因素分析显示,合并髓系肉瘤和复发是影响患者预后的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 异基因造血干细胞移植是治疗AML尤其是难治/复发AML的有效治疗手段,随着移植方案的改良及支持治疗的发展,生存率逐年提高。合并髓系肉瘤及复发是影响AML移植治疗预后的重要不良因素。     

Clinical Observation of Patients with Hematologic Malignancies Treated with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

HSCTincludingauto HSCT ,myeloablativeallo HSCTandnonmyeloablativeallo HSCTwhichdevel opedrecently ,isthebesttherapeusisforhematologicmalignanciesnowadays .FromApril 1996toApril2 0 0 4 30patientswithhematologicmalignanciesun derwentHSCTinourhospital ,asrep…     

35例异基因造血干细胞移植患者死因分析

目的：分析异基因造血干细胞移植术后患者不同的死亡原因,对影响移植术后患者长期生存的不利因素进行探讨。方法采用经典改良白消安／环磷酰胺（Bu／Cy ）为基础的预处理方案,配合经动员的骨髓和（或）外周血造血干细胞输注,辅以预防感染、控制移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）等治疗,并观察造血干细胞移植治疗期间及随访过程中发生死亡的患者,进行死亡原因的回顾性分析。结果35例死亡患者中,11例疾病复发,15例严重感染（其中9例合并GV HD ,Ⅰ～Ⅱ度GV HD3例,Ⅲ～Ⅳ度GV HD者6例）,2例造血功能衰竭,2例颅内出血,1例肺水肿,1例猝死,1例严重肠道GV HD ,1例疾病进展,1例溶血危象。移植后100 d内移植相关病死率为5．7％,移植后100 d至1年内移植相关病死率为8．1％,3年病死率为16．2％,5年病死率为16．7％。结论感染、GV HD和疾病复发是造血干细胞移植术后患者的最常见死因。移植后1年内容易发生致命性的感染,且感染常常合并GVHD ,恶性血液病患者合并慢性移植物抗宿主病（cGVHD）复发率较低。     

Prognosis after myocardial infarction: results of 15 year follow up

A total of 271 out of 757 patients who had suffered a myocardial infarction during 1966-7 were still alive after six years; these patients were subsequently followed up 15 years after the infarction. Two hundred and sixty eight (99%) of the patients alive at six years and 519 (95%) of the 549 originally discharged from hospital were traced. A coronary prognostic index, which had predicted survival both to three years and from three to six years after recovery from the infarct also predicted survival from six to 15 years after recovery. The major factor affecting survival to 15 years was age at the time of the original infarct. Among patients aged under 60 at the time of infarction women fared better than men (p = 0.027). Factors in the coronary prognostic index that were associated with impairment of left ventricular function at the time of infarction and that had predicted mortality to three years and from three to six years also predicted mortality from six to 15 years. These factors were cardiac enlargement, pulmonary venous congestion, and the presence of infarction before the index infarct. The dominant cause of death remained coronary heart disease and its complications.     

Factors associated with attrition in patients with breast cancer: a retrospective study

BACKGROUND: Attrition in follow up is a key limitation of longitudinal studies, especially in cancer patients in developing countries. We did a retrospective analysis of possible factors that resulted in attrition of patients with breast cancer during follow up. METHODS: This study is a comparison between patients who came for a follow up regularly to our clinic with those who did not but could be contacted on phone or by post. A computerized grouped database was constructed with the following parameters: age, religious community, other co-morbid conditions if present, distance from place of residence to our city, residence in city/ village, initial stage of the disease, type of treatment and disease relapse or death. RESULTS: Using binary logistic regression, disease relapse was found to be the most important cause of non-compliance. The odds ratio for irregularity or loss to follow up of patients with disease relapse was 2.53 (95% CI: 1.17-5.46; p = 0.02) for patients who were alive with disease relapse and 6.1 8 (95% CI: 3.47-11.02; p < 0.001) for patients who had died due to the disease compared with those who were alive and free of disease. The age and place of residence in a village were other significant factors. The odds of attrition due to age were 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01-1.05; p = 0.04) for each year of increase in age and that of residence in a village was 1.85 (95% CI: 1.02-3.36; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Age, disease relapse and residing in a village are important causes of attrition during follow up of patients with breast cancer in India.     

双次自体造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病的临床分析

目的　分析双次自体造血干细胞移植 (DAHSCT)治疗恶性血液病的临床疗效。方法　对 19例恶性血液病患者在确诊后 1年内进行第 1次自体造血干细胞移植 ,以足叶乙甙或阿糖胞苷 +环磷酰胺 +分次全身照射进行预处理 ,其中 9例加用卡氮芥 ;第 1次自体造血干细胞移植术后 4～ 10个月进行第 2次自体造血干细胞移植 ,预处理方案为足叶乙甙或阿糖胞苷 +环磷酰胺 +马法兰。结果　所有患者两次移植后均获造血重建 ,第 1次自体造血干细胞移植的造血重建速度快于第 2次 ,无1例移植相关死亡。中位随访时间 10 78(5 79～ 382 1)d ,存活 12例 (6 3 2 % ) ,复发、死亡 7例 (37 5 % ) ,DAHSCT后 3年无病生存率为 6 3%± 10 % ;其中急性白血病患者第 2次移植时骨髓原始幼稚淋巴细胞或原始粒细胞百分比高于第 1次移植的患者易于复发。结论　DAHSCT移植患者相关死亡率低 ,无病生存率较高 ,可作为恶性血液病治疗的重要方法     

急性白血病行自体外周血造血干细胞移植治疗的临床疗效分析

目的：探讨自体外周血造血干细胞移植(auto-PBSCT)治疗急性白血病(AL)的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所2006年3月至2015年12月首次行 auto-PBSCT 治疗的急性白血病患者19例,其中急性髓细胞白血病(AML)12例,急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)7例;男10例,女9例,平均年龄39.4(16~64)岁。均在诱导缓解和巩固强化后,采集自体外周血干细胞并行 auto-PBSCT,术后定期随访及维持治疗。结果19例患者均获得造血功能重建,无一例发生移植相关死亡;12例 AML 患者平均随访时间38.3(9~93)个月,6例(50.0%)仍存活,6例(50.0%)持续完全缓解(CR),3年总生存(OS)率50%(6/12);7例 ALL 患者平均随访时间28.7(3~106)个月,4例(57.1%)存活,3例(42.9%)持续 CR,3年 OS 率71.4%;所有患者的死亡均因白血病本病复发所致。结论auto-PBSCT 可提高 AL 患者的总生存(OS)率和无白血病生存(DFS)率,是无条件行异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)的 AL 患者可供选择的一个治疗方案。     

肺癌根治术后局部复发的多因素分析

目的回顾性分析118例肺癌根治术后患者的局部复发预后因素,探讨肺癌术后辅助放疗的指征。方法收集2007年6月～2009年6月共118例肺癌根治术后患者,记录其相关的临床病理因素及局部复发情况,用Kaplan-Meier法计算无复发生存率,用Log-rank法和Cox模型分别进行单因素和多因素预后分析,分析影响局部复发的预后因素。结果随访率100%。随访时间为随访6～55个月,中位数27个月。1年、2年、3年无复发生存率分别为73.1%、61.8%、56.3%,中位复发时间为10个月。单因素分析结果显示术前CEA升高、术前贫血、肿瘤大小、T分期、N分期等为影响局部复发的因素,多因素分析结果显示术前CEA升高、T分期、N分期等为影响局部复发的独立预后因素。结论术前CEA水平、T分期以及N分期是肺癌根治术后局部复发的独立预后因素,对于此类患者,局部复发风险高,可能需要更进一步的治疗,如辅助放疗等。     

Cardiac transplantation in severely ill patients requiring intensive support in hospital

Sixty four patients were referred for cardiac transplantation from a single cardiac team at this hospital between October 1984 and December 1986. Of these patients, 33 were referred for urgent transplantation, all of whom required intensive treatment in hospital with intravenous infusions of cardiac drugs, intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation, peritoneal dialysis, ventilation, or any combination of these to sustain life. Of these 33 patients, six died while awaiting transplantation, one was removed from the waiting list for a transplant, and 26 received cardiac transplants. There were five deaths within 24 hours of operation and one death 10 days after the operation. Twenty of those who had surgery had a successful outcome of transplantation, but there was one late death 10 weeks postoperatively and a further death 31 months after surgery. Eighteen patients were alive and well 10 to 33 months (mean 19.4 months) after transplantation, with an overall survival rate after surgery of 69%. Provided that surgery can be performed before renal failure has progressed such that renal dialysis [corrected] is necessary, the results are excellent (surgical survival 85.5%) and, we believe, justify the expenditure and staffing requirements necessary to treat these terminally ill patients.     

Survival of patients treated for end-stage renal disease by dialysis and transplantation.

The results of treatment in 213 patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or transplantation, or a combination, between 1962 and 1975 were analysed. Comparison by censored survival analysis showed significantly better (P less than 0.01) patient survival with the integrated therapy of dialysis and transplantation than with either form of dialysis alone. There was no significant difference in survival of males and females but survival at the extremes of age was poorer. Analysis of survival by major cause of renal failure indicated best survival in patients with congenital renal disease. Graft and patient survival rates at 1 year after the first transplantation were 42% and 69%. The major cause of death in this series was vascular disease but infection was responsible for 50% of deaths after transplantation. While integration of dialysis with transplantation produces best patient survival, this course is possible only when sufficient cadaver kidneys are available.