不同剂量放射线对大鼠涎腺Rad 50表达的影响

目的:研究不同剂量放射线对大鼠涎腺Rad 50表达的影响。方法:将36只雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分成6组:分为对照组(未放射),实验组为3 Gy组、6 Gy组、9 Gy组、12 Gy组、15 Gy组。实验组用Co60一次性放射后,2 h内处死大鼠。免疫组织化学法了解Rad 50在大鼠腮腺、颌下腺表达水平和定位。结果:Rad 50在大鼠腮腺中主要表达于导管系统和浆液性腺泡,在颌下腺浆液性腺泡中也有表达,在导管和黏液性腺泡中弱表达。大鼠浆液性腺泡中15 Gy组与对照组相比表达减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各放射组与对照组涎腺组织中的Rad 50表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:Rad 50表达水平和定位在大鼠腮腺和颌下腺中有些差异,可能参与了涎腺放射敏感性的机制。     

大鼠下颌下腺和舌下腺5-羟色氨1A受体亚型基因表达的原位杂交组织化学研究

目的：观察5－HTIARmRNA能否在大鼠下颌下腺及舌下腺表达,从基因水平进一步证明大鼠下颌下腺及舌下腺能否合成5－HTIAR．方法：采用原位杂交组织化学方法．结果：5－HTIARmRNA阳性杂交信号分布于大鼠下颌下腺的浆液性腺泡上皮细胞和各级导管的上皮细胞,而在舌下腺的分布较为局限．阳性信号仅分布在小叶间和小叶内导管的上皮细胞．结论：大鼠下颌下腺、舌下腺均可合成5－HTIAR．大鼠下颌下腺和舌下腺5-羟色氨1A受体亚型基因表达的原位杂交组织化学研究@何扬举     

去睾丸大鼠颌下腺FasL的免疫定位及含量变化

目的　了解睾丸切除后 ,颌下腺FASL的免疫定位及其含量的变化 .方法　建立去势大鼠模型 ,用免疫组织化学SABC法对实验组、假手术组及对照组大鼠颌下腺进行定位分析并用图像灰度分析比较各组FasL的含量 .结果　 3组大鼠颌下腺的浆液性腺泡的上皮细胞及各级导管上皮细胞均呈FasL免疫反应阳性 ,阳性物质分布在胞质 ,胞核呈阴性反应 .实验组、对照组及假手术组 ,颌下腺FasL平均光密度值分别为(11.6± 1.2 )AU ,(7.3± 1.4 )AU和 (7.6± 1.0 )AU ,实验组和对照组 ,实验组和假手术组相比 ,均有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,对照组和假手术组相比 ,无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) .结论　去势大鼠颌下腺FasL含量升高 ,这与以往的研究结果相符 .大鼠睾丸切除后 ,FasL的含量增加可能进一步介导颌下腺上皮细胞的凋亡 ,发挥其潜在的生理功能 .     

雌二醇水平降低加速大鼠实验性牙周炎的发展

目的 探索雌二醇水平与大鼠牙周炎发展间的关系.方法 24只雌性Wister大鼠随机分为3组:对照组,假手术组和去势组.利用钢丝结扎牙齿的方法对去势组和假手术组大鼠构建慢性牙周炎动物模型,通过检测血清雌二醇水平,观察X线片和HE切片,同时比较各组大鼠牙周组织中MMP-9的表达量来综合评价各组牙周炎的严重情况.结果 与对照组和假手术组比较,去势组雌二醇水平明显降低(P＜0.01).X线片观察发现假手术组结扎侧第二磨牙近远中和根分歧处有明显的牙槽骨吸收,而去势组的骨吸收较假手术组更为严重.组织形态学观察发现去势组结合上皮中有大量中性粒细胞浸润,牙槽骨吸收明显,而假手术组的牙周炎症状不如去势组严重.免疫组化结果显示去势组第二磨牙牙龈及牙周膜中MMP-9呈强阳性表达,而假手术组MMP-9的表达要弱于去势组,对照组的阳性细胞的表达最少.结论 雌激素水平降低促进了牙周组织的破坏,而且MMP-9参与了牙周组织的破坏过程.     

雌激素治疗对MMP-2在去势牙周炎大鼠牙周组织中表达的影响

目的探索雌激素对去势牙周炎大鼠牙周组织中MMP-2表达的影响。方法 30只雌性Wister大鼠随机分为三组：假手术组、去势组和雌激素治疗组。大鼠适应性喂养7d后行假手术或双侧卵巢切除术,雌激素治疗组于术后第二天起经皮下注射苯甲酸雌二醇,剂量20μg/kg体重,1次/3d。术后1周,利用丝线结扎各组大鼠上颌第二磨牙的方法构建牙周炎动物模型。术后第八周,利用化学发光方法检测血清中雌二醇水平,免疫组化方法观察MMP-2在各组大鼠牙周组织中的表达。结果去势组MMP-2呈强阳性表达,雌激素治疗组和假手术组的MMP-2的表达弱于去势组。同去势组比较,假手术组和雌激素治疗组的平均光密度差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。但假手术组和雌激素治疗组之间的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论雌激素水平降低可加重牙周组织的破坏程度,雌激素替代疗法可减轻去势牙周炎大鼠牙周组织的破坏。     

MMP-2在去势牙周炎大鼠牙周组织中的表达

目的探讨雌激素水平降低与牙周炎之间的关系。方法 30只雌性Wister大鼠随机分为对照组、假手术组和去势组。利用丝线结扎牙齿的方法对去势组和假手术组大鼠构建牙周炎动物模型,免疫组化方法观察MMP-2在各组大鼠牙周组织中的不同表达。结果去势组MMP-2呈强阳性表达,假手术组MMP-2的表达弱于去势组,对照组几乎不表达。同对照组比较,假手术组和去势组的平均光密度值均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。去势组和假手术组平均光密度值的差异也有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 MMP-2在雌激素低的大鼠牙周组织中的表达比雌激素正常的大鼠高,说明雌激素水平降低加重牙周组织的破坏。     

雌激素替代治疗对大鼠心壁雌激素受体表达的影响

目的 :观察雌、孕激素替代治疗时去卵巢大鼠心脏雌激素受体 ( ERα)的表达。方法 :通过免疫组化方法 ,分别测定去势和雌激素替代治疗 ( ERT)组 SD大鼠心脏雌激素受体水平 ,并对血清雌激素及血脂水平进行了检测。结果 :1去势大鼠 ER(免疫阳性物质明显减少 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ,雌激素替代治疗 ( ERT) 8周后 ,ERα表达明显改善 ;2去势组雌性大鼠血清雌二醇水平较假手术组明显下降 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ,胆固醇 ( TC)、甘油三酯 ( TG)水平明显升高。结论 :ERα广泛存在于心肌组织中 ,且其表达受雌激素的调控     

辛伐他汀对去势大鼠骨质疏松防治作用的试验研究

目的:观察辛伐他汀对去势大鼠骨质疏松防治的作用.方法:40只雌性SD大鼠,随机平均分为4组,即假手术组、去势对照组、雌激素组(苯甲酸雌二醇0.1mg/kg,每三天皮下注射一次,连续用药至动物处死)、辛伐他汀组(辛伐他汀5mg/(kg.d)灌胃连用2周,停用5周,再连用2周,停药处死动物).术后一个月开始药物干预.试验开始及处死动物后分别测定大鼠股骨的骨密度,放射免疫法测定IL-6、BGP的值,光镜下观察大鼠股骨病理学变化.结果:试验结束时,去势对照组大鼠骨密度BMD低于假手术组,雌激素组、辛伐他汀组的BMD高于去势对照组,均P＜0.05.去势对照组的IL-6的值高于假手术组,治疗组IL-6的值低于去势对照组,而雌激素组IL-6的值低于辛伐他汀组,均P＜0.05.去势对照组的BGP高于假手术组,而治疗组的BGP高于去势对照组,辛伐他汀组的BGP高于雌激素组,均P＜0.05.治疗组与去势对照组相比骨组织病理学变化均有改善.结论:辛伐他汀能增加骨质疏松大鼠的骨密度,改善骨组织病理学变化,提高BGP的水平,降低IL-6的水平,有效的防治骨质疏松.     

辛伐他汀对去势大鼠骨质疏松防治作用的试验研究

目的:观察辛伐他汀对去势大鼠骨质疏松防治的作用.方法:40只雌性SD大鼠,随机平均分为4组,即假手术组、去势对照组、雌激素组(苯甲酸雌二醇0.1 mg/kg,每三天皮下注射一次,连续用药至动物处死)、辛伐他汀组(辛伐他汀5 mg/kg.d灌胃连用2周,停用5周,再连用两周,停药处死动物).术后一个月开始药物干预.试验开始及处死动物后分别测定大鼠股骨的股密度,放射免疫法测定IL-6、BGP值,光镜下观察大鼠股骨病理学变化.结果:试验结束时,去势对照组大鼠骨密度BMD低于假手术组,雌激素组、辛伐他汀组的BMD高于去势对照组,均P＜0.05.去势对照组的IL-6的值高于假手术组,治疗组IL-6的值低于去势对照组,而雌激素组IL-6的值低于辛伐他汀组,均P＜0.05.去势对照组的BGP高于假手术组,而治疗组的BGP高于去势对照组,辛伐他汀组的BGP高于雌激素组,均P＜0.05.治疗组与去势对照组相比骨组织病理学变化均有改善.结论:辛伐他汀能增加骨质疏松大鼠的骨密度,改善骨组织病理学变化,提高BGP的水平,降低IL-6的水平,有效的防治骨质疏松.     

异黄酮改构化合物F11对去势大鼠乳腺的影响

目的 探讨异黄酮改构化合物F11对去势大鼠乳腺的生物学效应.方法 选用雌性Wistar大鼠,制作去势模型分为生理盐水组、雌二醇组、F11组、假手术组,腹腔给药每日1次,连续给药12周,每4周测血清中雌二醇含量,12周后处死大鼠取乳腺组织观察乳腺组织形态学变化,免疫组化及Western blot检测PCNA、Erα、Erβ表达情况.结果 F11早期可使血清E2升高;减缓去势大鼠乳腺组织的萎缩;可上调Erβ及PCNA在去势大鼠乳腺组织中的表达.结论 F11有类似雌激素样作用,能有效缓解去势大鼠乳腺的萎缩,可能是通过上调Erβ实现的.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.