经皮椎体成形术治疗脊柱骨转移癌

目的探讨经皮骨水泥注入椎体成形术治疗椎体转移癌的疗效。方法总结26例32椎体转移癌的治疗,采用单侧或双侧椎弓根入路,在数字减影血管造影DSA监视下注入骨水泥,量约4～10ml。结果26例采用经皮骨水泥注入椎体成形术均获成功。16例患者术后当日疼痛完全缓解,6例于术后2～3d疼痛消失,4例疼痛部分缓解,随访2～9个月,平均3.8个月无病椎疼痛加重,无病理骨折。结论经皮骨水泥注入椎体成形术是治疗椎体转移癌安全有效的姑息性方法。     

Percutaneous alcohol ablation for liver metastasis

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous alcohol injection (PAI) is used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma for lesions less than 3 to 5 cm in diameter. However, few studies in the literature have evaluated the place of PAI in the treatment of liver metastasis. Alcohol acts by causing coagulative necrosis, followed by the formation of fibrotic and granulomatous tissue and thrombosis of small vessels. The results of the various published studies are similar, with a complete necrosis rate lower than that obtained in hepatocellular carcinoma. Nevertheless, in more than 50% of cases of liver metastasis less than 4 cm in diameter, complete necrosis can be obtained, and PAI would seem to be a reasonable option for the treatment of small metastases of colorectal or mammary origin and for endocrine tumors when surgery is contraindicated. PAI could be a valuable alternative in the treatment of selected small metastases of the liver. However, the new techniques of local tumor destruction (interstitial laser photocoagulation (ILP), cryoablation, radiofrequency thermal ablation, and microwave destruction) will replace PAI for the treatment of liver metastasis in the near future.     

Percutaneous vertebroplasty for pain management in spinal metastasis with epidural involvement

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) has been widely used for the treatment of painful malignant lesions of the spine. Spinal metastasis with epidural involvement, with or without symptoms of neurologic compression, is regarded by some authors as a contraindication or relative contraindication to the procedure. To evaluate safety and effectiveness of PVP in pain management of spinal metastasis with epidural involvement, we retrospectively analyzed PVP in 32 patients with metastatic disease, who presented with at least one vertebral lesion with destruction of the posterior vertebral body wall or epidural extension of tumor. Among these patients, nine had signs of spinal cord or cauda equina compression. Procedural safety was evaluated by any post-procedure adverse events. The PVP analgesic efficacy was evaluated by follow-up neurological examination. Pain intensity was scored on a visual analog scale scored from 0 (no pain) to 10 (maximum pain intensity). The effective pain relief was defined as at least 50% improvement in pain score as compared with pre- procedure baseline. Follow-up assessments were performed at 1 day; 1 week; 1, 3, and 6 months after the procedure. Fifty-three vertebrae in 32 patients were treated in this group. Analgesic efficacy in survival patients was rated at 97% (31/32) at 1day and 1 week, 86.7% (26/30) at 1 month, 82.3% (24/29) at 3 months, and 76.9% (20/26) at 6 months after procedure. Leakage of PMMA was detected in 64% (33/53) treated vertebrae. No systemic complications were observed in all treated patients.     

A case of hepatocellular carcinoma with left thigh-bone metastasis

A 57-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma with left thigh-bone metastasis is reported. He was admitted to the hospital with left leg pain. A diagnosis of bone metastasis of unknown origin was based on X-ray films. Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly. Liver function tests showed a slight increase of alkaline phosphatase, GOT and GPT. In serological tests, the levels of alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen were high. HBs antigen was negative. From the above data, hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed.     

Percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy: a case report of implantation metastasis

Dissemination of tumor cells along the needle tract after needle aspiration biopsy has been reported in the literature, but it is an extremely uncommon event, especially when 'fine needles' (above 21 Gauge) are used. In the work presented, a patient with a mammary nodule of doubtful nature is reported. After histological evaluation the node proved to be an intra-mammary dissemination of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung via the needle track after aspiration biopsy. The needle used was a 20 Gauge, which is not included in the fine needle category recommended by most authors. The possibility of tumor cells dissemination after needle biopsies is discussed.     

左半结肠癌第253组淋巴结转移的临床意义

  目的  探讨左半结肠癌第253组淋巴结转移及清扫的临床价值。  方法  回顾性收集2009年1月至2015年12月于海南医学院第二附属医院和海南医学院第一附属医院收治的629例左半结肠癌患者的临床病理资料,分析影响第253组淋巴结转移的临床病理因素及其与预后的关系。  结果  629例患者中58例（9.2%）有第253组淋巴结转移。肿瘤部位、pT分期、pN分期、癌结节、脉管癌栓和术前CA19-9水平与第253组淋巴结转移独立相关。分层分析显示,第253组淋巴结转移对pN1、pN2a和pN2b期患者预后影响均具有统计学意义。单因素生存分析显示,Ⅲ期左半结肠癌第253组淋巴结转移和未转移患者5年生存率分别为25.9%和65.0%,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。倾向匹配后进行多因素生存分析,证实第253组淋巴结转移是Ⅲ期左半结肠癌患者的独立预后因素（HR=1.474,95%CI:1.072～2.498;P=0.037）。  结论  第253组淋巴结转移是Ⅲ期左半结肠癌患者的独立预后因素,第253组淋巴结状态对肿瘤分期、预后评估具有重要意义,存在该组淋巴结转移的患者预后不良。      

Three-dimensional C-arm computed tomography combined with fluoroscopic guided pediculoplasty for treatment of vertebral body metastasis with lytic pedicle

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate a percutaneous pediculoplasty (PP) technique, using 3-dimensional C-arm CT reformation combined with fluoroscopic guidance for patients presented vertebral body metastasis with lytic pedicle. Thirteen patients (average age 57.8 years) were treated through lytic pedicle approach in our study. Subjective good and partial pain relief was reported with Visual Analogue Scale reduction ≥4 in 11/13 patients at 1 month after procedure, two patients with insufficient pain relief died from clinical complications unrelated with PP at 3 month follow-up. Pain relief was maintained in 10 patients at 6 month post-procedural follow-up. One patient died from underlying disease unrelated with the procedure at 5 month follow-up. PP through the lytic pedicle approach under 3-dimensional C-arm CT reformation combined with fluoroscopic guidance was a feasible, safe, and minimally invasive procedure that could provide both the precise control of needle placement and cement injection with one imaging system.     

EUS-FNA for the detection of left adrenal metastasis in patients with lung cancer

In patients with lung cancer, enlarged or (18)Fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography ((18)FDG-PET) positive left adrenal glands are suspected for distant metastases and require tissue confirmation for a definitive assessment. The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for left adrenal metastases in lung cancer patients with a suspect adrenal gland based on imaging. EUS-FNA findings of patients with (suspected) lung cancer and CT enlarged or (18)FDG-PET positive left adrenal glands were retrospectively evaluated. In the absence of metastases at EUS, clinical and radiological follow-up was obtained. In 85 patients, EUS-FNA demonstrated left adrenal metastases of lung cancer in 53 (62%), benign adrenal tissue in 25 (29%), a metastasis from colon carcinoma in 1 (1%) and a primary adrenocortical carcinoma in 1 (1%) patient. In five patients (5.9%), the aspirates contained non-representative material. EUS outcomes were false negative in two patients. Sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) for EUS-FNA of the left adrenal gland were at least 86% (95% CI 74-93%) and 70% (95% CI 50-85%). No complications occurred. EUS-FNA is a sensitive, safe and minimally invasive technique to provide tissue proof of left adrenal metastases in patients with (suspected) lung cancer and enlarged or (18)FDG-PET positive adrenal glands. Therefore, EUS-FNA qualifies as the staging test of choice for patients with lung cancer with suspected left adrenal metastases.     

髋臼转移瘤患者的Mast Quadrant通道下肿瘤刮除联合骨水泥成形术治疗

目的 报告13例髋臼转移瘤患者的Mast Quadrant通道下肿瘤刮除联合骨水泥成形术治疗效果.方法 回顾分析2017年11月至2019年12月,我院收治的13例(15处病灶)髋臼溶骨性转移瘤患者.13例均接受Mast Quadrant通道下的病灶刮除+骨水泥成形术.收集所有患者的一般资料和手术情况,比较术前,术后1...     

A case of left urothelial carcinoma with multiple bone metastasis, liver metastasis and right adrenal metastasis successfully treated with combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine and carboplatin

The patient was a 53-year-old male. He had been admitted to another hospital with a complaint of left sciatica. He was referred to our hospital for further examination and therapy. He was diagnosed as left urothelial carcinoma with multiple bone metastasis, liver metastasis and right adrenal metastasis. He was treated with combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine and carboplatin (1,000 mg/m2 day 1 and AUC 2 day 1, respectively) biweekly. After the ninth course, a significant tumor reduction was obtained, and has been maintained. He has been treated on an outpatient basis because of no grade 3 or severer adverse reactions. We report an effective case of biweekly chemotherapy with gemcitabine and carboplatin in the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma.     

Solitary metastasis to the left axillary lymph node after curative gastrectomy in gastric cancer

Regional lymph node metastasis in advanced gastric cancer is common, whereas axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) is rare. We experienced a patient with a solitary ALNM in gastric cancer. A 48-year-old woman underwent curative distal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer (P0H0T3N3M0CY0, stage IV). Twenty-one months after the surgery, she complained of an asymptomatic left axillary tumor. Mammography and computed tomography (CT) scans showed the presence of tumors in neither breast nor lung. Fine-needle aspiration of the axillary tumor demonstrated poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma cells, which coincided with the cells of the resected gastric carcinoma. We diagnosed ALNM from gastric cancer and operated on the patient with radical left axillary lymph node dissection. One year after the reoperation, she has had no recurrence. We conclude that gastric cancer can metastasize to unusual sites. A re-radical resection is recommended if curative resection is feasible. Received: March 6, 2002 / Accepted: April 23, 2002 Offprint request to: O. Kobayashi     

左半结肠癌左侧睾丸转移1例报告并文献复习

目的:探讨结直肠癌睾丸转移的临床特点、诊断、治疗与预后。方法:通过1例左半结肠癌左侧睾丸转移的报道,分析其临床资料并复习相关文献。结果:本例患者为30岁年轻男性,左半结肠低分化腺癌根治性术后1年余出现左侧睾丸肿胀坠痛,后经左侧睾丸根治性切除,免疫组化证实为大肠来源。结论:结直肠癌睾丸转移报道罕见,临床表现一般为睾丸肿胀或鞘膜积液等非特异性症状,诊断依靠病理学检查。治疗一般采取手术、放化疗,必要时联合分子靶向治疗等。结直肠癌睾丸转移患者确诊后平均生存时间为6~12个月。     

左肺癌对侧乳腺转移男性患者1例

乳腺癌的肺部转移临床多见,而原发肺癌的乳腺转移较少见.济宁医学院附属金乡医院呼吸内科收治1例原发肺癌伴乳腺转移患者,现报道如下.     

左、右半结肠癌骨转移临床特征及生存分析

目的:探讨左半结肠癌（left sided colon cancer,LSCC）和右半结肠癌（right sided colon cancer,RSCC）骨转移病人的临床特征,筛选3年生存影响因子,为结肠癌骨转移临床诊治及预后提供参考依据。方法:对漯河市中心医院2007年1月至2015年12月收治的103例结肠癌骨转移病例资料进行回顾性分析,据解剖位置将64例纳入LSCC组,39例纳入RSCC组,对比分析其两组病人的临床特征,筛选3年生存影响因子。结果:卡方检验单因素分析示肿瘤位置、TNM分期、伴肺转移、骨转移后治疗及双磷酸盐治疗与结肠癌骨转移3年生存率相关(P<0.05),具有统计学意义。Logistis回归多因素统计分析示:肿瘤位置、TNM分期影响结肠癌骨转移患者的预后。结论:结肠癌骨转移预后可能与肿块位置、TNM分期、伴肺转移、骨转移后治疗、双磷酸盐治疗等多种临床因素相关。其中肿瘤位置、TNM分期是结肠癌骨转移3年生存的独立预后危险因素。本文为区分左右半结肠癌骨转移不同的临床特征及预后评价提供了依据。     

Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of painful spinal metastasis: a systematic literature assessment of analgesia and safety

Purpose: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the most common percutaneous technique applied to treat painful spinal metastasis; however, experience in this field is somehow still limited. A systematic literature research was performed to understand the effects of RFA in terms of analgesia and safety.

Materials and methods: Inclusion criteria for the studies were as follows: (1) randomised controlled or non-randomised studies with a prospective or retrospective design; (2) population made up of adults with spinal metastasis; (3) spinal metastasis treated with RFA alone or in combination/comparison with other treatments; (4) studies reporting about patients’ pain before and at least one time-point following RFA; and (5) English-language studies.

Results: Seven hundred and thirty-three articles were screened and 8 (4 prospective, 4 retrospective) matched the inclusion criteria. Study population ranged between 10 and 92 patients across studies. Five out of eight studies reported a highly effective pain management (≥4 points of pain reduction between baseline and the last time-point available); 2/8 studies reported moderate results (≥2 points of pain reduction between baseline and the last time-point available). All studies combined RFA with cement augmentation in the vast majority of patients (40–100%) or metastasis (94–95.8%). Grade I–IIIa neural complications were reported in up to 16% of the cases and were always managed conservatively or with steroids.

Conclusions: RFA, combined with vertebral augmentation in most of the cases, is effective and safe in achieving short- to mid-term (from 1?week to 6?months) analgesia in patients affected by painful spinal metastasis.