切开复位跟骨钛板内固定治疗跟骨骨折疗效观察

目的研究和评估切开复位治疗跟骨骨折及跟骨钛板在跟骨骨折治疗中的作用。方法对24例跟骨骨折患者行切开复位跟骨钛板内固定。结果24例中22例获随访8个月。所有病例均完全愈合,无1例发生钛板螺钉松动、断裂等并发症。结论新型钛板能提供有效的固定节段稳定性,是治疗跟骨骨折较好的内植物,是临床治疗跟骨骨折的好方法。     

SandersII—IV型跟骨骨折的手术治疗

目的探讨跟骨关节内骨折的手术治疗。方法对2003年3月--2010年3月共收治143例166侧跟骨关节内骨折,按Samder分型标准：II型78足,III型70足,IV18型足,均经X光及CT检查确诊。术中采用切开复位解剖钢板内固定,羟基磷灰石人工骨植骨术后随访1-2年进行疗效评价。结果按Maryland足部评分系统评价术后功能,随访1-2年,优96足,良66足,可4足,优良率97．6％,除2例切口裂开,无伤口感染、皮肤坏死、慢性骨髓炎、后跟坏死。结论对跟骨骨折采用切开复位解剖钢板内固定粒基磷灰石人工骨植骨有较好治疗效果。     

老年跟骨骨折的特点及手术治疗

目的 评价老年跟骨骨折切开复位内固定的手术治疗效果.方法 1997年1月-2007年6月间,手术治疗老年人跟骨骨折37例(41侧),男23例,女14例;年龄60～78岁,平均68.3岁.按Sanders CT分型,41侧跟骨骨折均累及距下关节面,Ⅱ型14侧,Ⅲ型18侧,Ⅳ型9侧.采用自制可塑形跟骨钛钢板18侧,"Y"形钢板4侧,Depuy跟骨钛钢板12侧,重建钢板5侧,AO跟骨锁定钢板2侧,行手术切开复位内固定治疗.术后以x线影像学及Maryland足部功能评分系统评价功能.结果27例(27/31,61%)共31侧跟骨骨折获得12～48个月(平均27.6个月)随访,所有骨折均愈合,跟骨术后影像学形态较术前均有显著改善.平均主动活动度:跖屈36°,背伸12°,内翻15°,外翻10°.Marland足部功能评分:优16侧,良13侧,可2侧,优良率94%(29/31).结论 对于后关节面移位明显的老年跟骨骨折,手术切开复位内固定可获得良好的治疗效果.     

空心加压螺钉内固定治疗跟骨Essex-Lopresti Ⅱ型骨折

采用斯氏针撬拨复位,经皮应用空心加压螺钉内固定治疗跟骨Essex-LoprestiⅡ型骨折26例,所有病例均获随访,随访时间为6~18个月,平均9个月,骨折全部愈合。根据美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)评分标准,优16例,良9例,优良率96%。应用空心加压螺钉内固定治疗跟骨EssexLoprestiⅡ型骨折固定可靠,愈合率高,无皮肤坏死等并发症,效果良好,但适应证要选择得当。     

Pilon骨折合并同侧跟骨骨折的治疗

目的 探讨Pilon骨折合并同侧跟骨骨折的治疗方法 . 方法 本组坠落伤7例,交通伤2例,重物砸伤1例,ISS评分为5～22分.开放性损伤7例,闭合性损伤3例.9例骨折达AO/OTA各分型中的2～3度,6例跟骨为关节内塌陷粉碎骨折.6例Pilon骨折行切开复位空心钉、螺钉或克氏针同定,其中4例加外固定架固定,跟骨骨折行撬拨复位克氏针或空心钉同定;2例单纯行跟骨骨折克氏针固定,2例两处骨折保守治疗. 结果 6例胫骨远端和跟骨骨折手术治疗者骨折对位改善;保守治疗者出现骨折成角畸形,关节面塌陷.7例伤几愈合良好,3例软组织愈合不良.4例随访患者踝-后足评分为82～94分. 结论 Pilon骨折合并同侧跟骨骨折为高能量暴力所致,局部软组织及骨组织损伤严重,有限内固定加外同定是比较适宜的治疗选择.     

钢板内固定治疗跟骨骨折的并发症

目的总结跟骨骨折的手术并发症,为提高手术疗效、改进手术方法提供借鉴。方法对1997年10月～2003年6月因跟骨骨折进行切开复位钢板内固定治疗的66例患者进行随访,并对出现的并发症进行分析。结果66例68足中。54足骨折愈合优良,14足术后发生或合并有跟骨复位不佳、畸形愈合、切口裂开、感染、螺钉松动等并发症。结论切开复位钢板内固定可作为治疗跟骨骨折的一种方法,但其操作方法、内固定系统还需进一步完善与改进;手术中复位充分可以减少并发症。     

跟骨钢板治疗跟骨骨折30例

近年，随着建筑业和交通业的发展，跟骨骨折有明显增多趋势，传统的治疗方法以保守治疗为主，常遗留一些后遗症，病废率高，随着对骨折发生机制的深入研究和CT检查的普及。加之用于跟骨骨折的内固定的异型钢板的出现，对跟骨骨折进行手术治疗已日益为人们所接受。我科自2001年11月-2004年8月对30例跟骨骨折病人进行了切开复位、跟骨钛钢板内固定治疗，疗效较满意，报道如下。     

跟骨钢板内固定治疗跟骨粉碎性骨折

我们采用钢板固定20例22足SandersⅢ、Ⅳ型跟骨骨折。随访18例,骨折全部愈合,B hler角平均为32°,Gissane角平均为130°,优良率为86%。认为跟骨钢板固定是一种治疗跟骨粉碎骨折的有效方法。     

切开复位植骨加解剖钢板固定治疗跟骨关节内粉碎性骨折

目的探讨利用跟骨解剖型钢板内固定治疗跟骨骨折的疗效。方法跟骨关节内粉碎性骨折23例,采用跟骨外侧可延伸的L形切口入路,切开撬拨复位解剖钢板内固定。结果所有患者均获得6～32个月的随访,根据Maryland足部评分系统：优10例,良7例,可6例,优良率73.9%。末次随访X线片上的跟骨形态学指标（Bohler角）较术前均有明显改善,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论跟骨解剖型钢板内固定对跟骨骨折治疗疗效满意。     

钛质跟骨钢板内固定治疗粉碎性跟骨骨折临床研究

目的：探讨切开复位可塑形钛质跟骨钢板治疗粉碎性跟骨骨折的疗效。方法：对24例30足跟骨粉碎性骨折行切开复位钛质跟骨铜板内固定加一期植骨术。按Sanders分型：II型10例,III型12例,IV型8例。结果：全部病例均随访6～15个月,平均12个月,按Margland足部评分标准评价：优10足,良13足,中5足,差2足,优良率76．7％。结论：切开复位可塑钛质跟骨钢板治疗粉碎性跟骨骨折疗效肯定,治疗结果与软组织的损伤程序、骨折类型、复位质量有关。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.