HIF SUMO化在高原低氧适应中的作用

低氧诱导因子-1是参与调节机体氧平衡的重要核转录因子。作为一种蛋白质,它的主要亚基HIF-1α受到多种翻译后的化学修饰,如泛素化、类泛素化等的影响,从而使其蛋白的稳定性、入核以及对下游基因的促转录活性受到调节。因此,研究HIF-1α翻译后的修饰,不仅有助于理解类似转录因子自身的调控,更能对HIF-1作为一个高原病的治疗靶标提供思路。     

蛋白翻译后修饰与肠易激综合征

蛋白翻译后修饰作为蛋白质功能调节的一种重要方式，主要由识别特定蛋白质中特定靶序列的酶催化，影响蛋白的活性、稳定性、定位等不同方面，与许多重要的生命活动密切相关。肠易激综合征（IBS）是一种胃肠道功能紊乱性疾病，其发病机制仍未完全明确。已有研究表明多种蛋白翻译后修饰如乙酰化、磷酸化、甲基化、糖基化等在IBS的发生发展中起重要作用。本文就几种主要蛋白修饰类型及其在IBS中作用的研究进展进行概述。     

Histone deacetylase inhibitors: from target to clinical trials

Transformed cells, characterised by inappropriate cell proliferation, do not necessarily lose the capacity to undergo growth arrest under certain stimuli. DNA, genetic information, is packaged in chromatin proteins, for example, histones. The structure of chromatin may be altered by post-translational modifications (e.g., acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation and ubiquitylation) which play a role in regulating gene expression. Two groups of enzymes, histone deacetylases (HDACs) and acetyl transferases, determine the acetylation status of histones. This review focuses on compounds that inhibit HDAC activity. These agents have been shown to be active in vitro and in vivo in causing cancer cell growth arrest, differentiation and/or apoptosis. Several HDAC inhibitors are currently in clinical trials as anticancer agents and, in particular, hydroxamic acid-based HDAC inhibitors have shown activity against cancers at well-tolerated doses.     

Histone deacetylase inhibitors: from target to clinical trials

Transformed cells, characterised by inappropriate cell proliferation, do not necessarily lose the capacity to undergo growth arrest under certain stimuli. DNA, genetic information, is packaged in chromatin proteins, for example, histones. The structure of chromatin may be altered by post-translational modifications (e.g., acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation and ubiquitylation) which play a role in regulating gene expression. Two groups of enzymes, histone deacetylases (HDACs) and acetyl transferases, determine the acetylation status of histones. This review focuses on compounds that inhibit HDAC activity. These agents have been shown to be active in vitro and in vivo in causing cancer cell growth arrest, differentiation and/or apoptosis. Several HDAC inhibitors are currently in clinical trials as anticancer agents and, in particular, hydroxamic acid-based HDAC inhibitors have shown activity against cancers at well-tolerated doses.