补骨脂素对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的改善作用

研究补骨脂素（psoralen，PSO）对四氯化碳（CCl₄）致小鼠急性肝损伤的改善作用及其机制。雌性C57BL/6J小鼠连续灌胃补骨脂素或阳性对照药烯丙基化硫（DAS） 4 d，第4天腹腔注射CCl₄，建立CCl₄致急性肝损伤小鼠模型。检测血清生化指标丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）水平；HE染色观察肝脏病理学变化；Western blot检测细胞色素P450 2E1（CYP2E1）的蛋白水平；免疫组织化学染色（IHC）检测CYP2E1的蛋白水平；RT-PCR检测CYP2E1以及炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6 （IL-6）的基因水平。与模型组相比，补骨脂素能够改善CCl₄引起的炎性细胞浸润以及肝细胞坏死情况，显著降低血清ALT、AST水平，下调炎症因子TNF-α和IL-6的水平，抑制CYP2E1的蛋白表达。结果表明，补骨脂素对CCl₄致小鼠急性肝损伤具有改善作用，其机制可能是通过抑制CYP2E1的蛋白表达发挥药效作用。     

罗格列酮对脂多糖诱导小鼠急性肾损伤肾小管上皮细胞铁死亡的抑制作用及其机制

目的：探讨罗格列酮对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的急性肾损伤（AKI）小鼠肾小管上皮细胞铁死亡的抑制作用,并阐明其作用机制。方法：18只C57BL/6雄性小鼠随机分为对照组、LPS组和LPS+罗格列酮组,每组6只。LPS组和LPS+罗格列酮组小鼠均腹腔注射LPS (10 mg·kg-1);LPS+罗格列酮组小鼠在LPS注射前30 min尾静脉注射罗格列酮（0.5 mg·kg-1）;对照组小鼠注射与LPS组小鼠同体积的生理盐水。LPS注射24 h后处死小鼠,收集肾组织和血清。HE染色观察各组小鼠肾组织病理形态表现,分光光度法检测各组小鼠血清中肌酐（CRE）和血尿素氮（BUN）水平,实时荧光定量PCR (RT-qPCR)法检测各组小鼠肾组织中长链脂酰CoA合成酶4 (ACSL4)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPX4)、溶质载体家族7成员11 (SLC7A11)、白细胞介素6 (IL-6)、白细胞介素1β (IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α (TNF-α) mRNA表达水平,Western blotting法检测各组小鼠肾组织中GPX4、SLC7A11和ACSL4蛋白表达水平。结果：HE染色,与对照组比较,...     

萝卜硫素减轻脂多糖诱导小鼠急性肾损伤的作用及机制研究

目的 研究萝卜硫素（SFN）减轻脂多糖（LPS）诱导小鼠急性肾损伤（AKI）的作用及机制。方法 选取10～12周龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠进行实验,采用腹腔注射15mg/kg LPS的方式诱导AKI,腹腔注射LPS前给予0.5 mg/kg SFN或等剂量0.9%氯化钠注射液、15 mg/kg ML385或等剂量对照溶剂二甲亚砜（DMSO）腹腔注射,1次/d,连续3 d。腹腔注射LPS后24 h检测血尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Scr）,肾脏病理改变及肾损伤评分,肾脏中丙二醛（MDA）、8-羟基脱氧鸟苷（8-OHd G）、总抗氧化力（T-AOC）的水平及核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)、血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)的表达水平。结果 LPS组小鼠的BUN、Scr、肾损伤评分及肾脏中MDA、8-OHd G的水平、Nrf2、HO-1的表达水平均高于对照组,肾脏中T-AOC的水平低于对照组（P <0.05）;SNF+LPS组的BUN、Scr、肾损伤评分及肾脏中MDA、8-OHd G的水平均低于LPS组,肾脏中T-AOC的水平及Nrf2、HO-1的表达水平均高于LPS组（P <0.05）...     

赖氨酸甲基转移酶SETD7在小鼠急性肾损伤中的作用

目的 观察赖氨酸甲基转移酶SETD7在小鼠急性肾损伤中的作用,并探讨有关机制。方法雄性C57BL/6小鼠24只,周龄8～10周,体重20～30 g。经随机数字表法,把实验动物（小鼠）归入下述4组（n=6）：对照组（CON组）、DMSO+对照组（DMSO-CON组）、AKI组（FA-AKI组）、SETD7抑制剂+AKI组（PFI-2-AKI组）。FA-AKI组采用腹腔注射叶酸,制作叶酸诱导的急性肾损伤模型。在注射叶酸前1 h,PFI-2-AKI组腹腔注射PFI-2,DMSO-CON组腹腔注射0.1% DMSO 0.2 mL。3 d后对外周血样进行采集,对血清BUN以及Cr进行测定;借助HE与PAS染色法,对肾组织病理学形态进行测定,并评估肾小管损伤程度;借助免疫组织化学（IHC）,对肾组织MPO+细胞、F4/80+细胞、CD3+细胞进行测定;借助RT-PCR,对肾组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β与IL-6四者mRNA表达进行测定。结果与CON组比较,FA-AKI组血清尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(Cr)浓度升高,肾小管损伤评分增加,肾组织MPO+细胞、F4/80+细胞、CD3+细胞数增加,TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和MCP-1 mRNA表达上调（P<0.05）;与FA-AKI组比较,PFI-2-AKI组血清BUN和Cr浓度降低,肾小管损伤评分和肾组织MPO+细胞、F4/80+细胞、CD3+细胞数量降低,TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和MCP-1 mRNA表达下调（P<0.05）。DMSO-CON组与CON组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论赖氨酸甲基转移酶SETD7通过调控炎症反应促进小鼠急性肾损伤。     

虾青素对大鼠对比剂急性肾损伤的保护作用以及对SIRT1-P53通路的影响

目的 研究虾青素对对比剂急性肾损伤（CI-AKI）的保护作用及其与SIRT1-P53的通路关系和对NO、3-NT含量影响。方法 40只SD大鼠采用数字表法随机分为5组：对照组,虾青素对照组,造模组,iNOS抑制剂组,虾青素治疗组。每组8只,建立对比剂急性肾损伤模型72h后检测大鼠血清肌酐（Scr）、尿素氮（BUN）水平;HE染色观察肾组织病理改变;Tunel法检测肾小管细胞凋亡;氧化应激试剂盒法检测肾脏组及谷织丙二醛（MDA）含量,总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）胱甘肽（GSH）活性;SIRT1试剂盒法检测SIRT1活性;Western blot法检测肾组织中SIRT1、P53及ac-P53的蛋白表达;NO试剂盒、3-硝基酪氨酸（3-NT）试剂盒测定肾组织中NO、3-NT含量。结果 与对照组比较,造模组Scr、BUN水平显著升高;iNOS抑制剂组和虾青素治疗组较造模组均降低（P均<0.05）;HE和Tunel染色可见造模组大鼠肾脏肾小管损伤严重,iNOS抑制剂组和虾青素治疗组上述病理改变减轻,肾损伤评分、凋亡指数（AI）降低（P均<0.05）;与对照组比较,造模组肾组织中MDA含量显著增高,T-SOD、GSH、GSH-Px活性显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,iNOS抑制剂组和虾青素治疗上述指标有明显改善（P均<0.05）;与对照组比较,造模组SIRT1活性降低,SITR1、P53表达均上调,且ac-P53/P53比值升高;虾青素治疗组SIRT1活性升高、SIRT1表达上调,P53下调,且ac-P53/P53比值下降（P均<0.05）。与对照组比较,造模组肾组织NO、3-NT含量明显升高,而iNOS抑制剂组和虾青素对照组较造模组降低（P均<0.05）。结论 虾青素对CI-AKI具有保护作用,其机制可能与SIRT1-P53通路有关。虾青素能够降低CI-AKI肾组织中NO、3-NT含量,减轻对比剂所致的肾损伤。     

山药水提物对四氯化碳所致小鼠急性肝损伤的改善作用

目的：研究山药水提物（aqueousextract of Dioscoreabatatas，DA）对四氯化碳（CCl4）造成的小鼠急性肝损伤的改善作用。方法：60只昆明小鼠随机均分为6组：正常对照组、造模组、阳性对照组（联苯双酯组）、不同提取工艺的山药水提物A、B、C组，用四氯化碳造成小鼠急性肝损伤模型，测定血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、肝组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量。肝组织常规HE染色观察。结果：各组肝损伤模型小鼠经山药水提物A、B、C及联苯双酯干预后，血清ALT、AST水平与造模组相比显著降低（P〈0．05），肝组织中SOD活性升高，MDA含量降低（P〈0．05），镜检观察山药水提物A、B、C及联苯双酯组小鼠肝组织病理切片，发现山药水提物A、B、C及联苯双酯组较造模组肝组织损伤坏死明显减轻，坏死灶减少，范围减小，粒细胞浸润减少，并且山药水提物A组较B、C2组干预肝损伤效果好。结论：山药水提物能明显改善CCl4所致急性肝损伤小鼠的肝功能状况，其作用可能与抗氧化清除自由基、和增强机体清除自由基的能力有关。     

富锗金针菇多糖对小鼠肝脏的保护作用

目的：研究富锗金针菇多糖（cFVP）对急性肝损伤小鼠转氨酶活性的影响及对肝脏的保护作用，在此基础上研究其精制品FVP1对cCl4损伤的小鼠原代肝细胞的保护作用。方法：采用0．2％CCl4灌胃造成小鼠急性肝损伤模型，以CFVP和阳性对照联苯双酯灌胃给药，测定血清中谷丙转氨酶（ALT）的活性，并对小鼠肝脏进行切片观察；采用二步分离法制备小鼠原代肝细胞，检测FVP1对CCl4损伤的原代肝细胞ALT活力的影响。结果：CFVP高、中剂量组对CCl4致急性肝损伤小鼠ALT活性的升高具有显著的降低作用，与造模组相比有极显著性差异（P〈0．01）；低剂量组与造模组相比有显著性差异（P〈0．05），CFVP对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤有明显的保护作用；FVP1中剂量组、低剂量组可使培养液中的ALT活性明显低于模型组，具有极显著性差异（P〈0．01），即ALT明显减少，说明FVP1对CCl4损伤的原代小鼠肝细胞具有保护作用，结论：富锗金针菇多糖具有保护肝脏细胞，防止肝细胞坏死的作用。     

姜黄素预处理对顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤小鼠肾功能及肾组织TLR-4/NF-κB通路蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨姜黄素对顺铂所诱导急性肾损伤(AKI)小鼠肾功能和Toll样受体-4(TLR-4)/核因子-κB(NF-κB)通路蛋白表达的影响。方法:6周龄雄性昆明小鼠40只,分为对照组、模型组、低剂量组和高剂量组,每组10只。低、高剂量组分别给予姜黄素150、300 mg/kg灌胃,对照组和模型组给予等体积生理盐水灌胃。灌胃第5天晚,对照组腹腔注射生理盐水,其余3组小鼠均给予单次腹腔注射顺铂7.5 mg/kg诱导AKI模型。实验第10天检测小鼠血清肌酐(Scr)、血清尿素氮(BUN)水平以及肾组织匀浆丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性;HE染色观察小鼠肾组织病理变化;qRT-PCR法检测肾组织炎症因子TNF-α、IL-18 mRNA表达水平;Western blot法检测肾组织TLR-4和NF-κB蛋白的表达。结果:与对照组比较,模型组和低剂量组小鼠Scr、血清BUN水平升高;与模型组比较,低、高剂量组小鼠Scr、血清BUN水平降低;与低剂量组比较,高剂量组小鼠Scr、血清BUN水平降低(P<0.05)。模型组肾小管上皮细胞肿胀变形、部分脱落坏死,管腔内类蛋白管型浸...     

日本血吸虫半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂干预脂多糖诱导的小鼠脓毒症

目的探讨日本血吸虫半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂（SjCystatin）对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的小鼠脓毒症的干预效果。方法54 只 BALB/c小鼠适应性饲养1 周后,随机分为正常对照组(PBS 组,A组)、脓毒症造模组（PBS+LPS组,B组）、蛋白干预组（PBS+ LPS+SjCystatin组,C组）。A组腹腔注射PBS（100 μL）,B组、C组腹腔注射含LPS（10 mg/kg）的PBS（100 μL）,其中C组小鼠于 注射LPS后30 min腹腔注射含25 μg SjCystatin蛋白的PBS（100 μL）。每组随机抽取10只,造模后24 h取小鼠血清及肝、肺、肾 组织,酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）验检血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）水平,全自 动生化分析仪检测ALT、AST、BUN和Cr水平;肝、肺和肾组织HE染色观察其病理损伤;每组余8只小鼠,造模后记录小鼠72 h 生存率的差别且观察小鼠状态的改变。结果3组小鼠的72 h生存率具有统计学差异（P<0.05）,与A组（100%）相比,B组（0%） 72 h生存率降低（P<0.05）,经过SjCystatin蛋白治疗后,C组生存率较B组增高（36%）。与A组相比,B组肝、肺、肾组织切片病理 损伤加重,血清中ALT、AST、BUN、Cr、IL-6、TNF-α水平明显升高（P<0.05）;与B组相比,C组调节因子IL-10水平明显升高,肝、 肾、肺组织损伤明显减轻,且血清中上述肝肾功能检测指标及促炎因子水平明显降低（P<0.05）。结论SjCystatin对LPS诱导的 脓毒症有显著的治疗作用。     

缺血再灌注及顺铂诱导小鼠急性肾损伤模型的建立及评估

目的 探讨缺血再灌注及顺铂诱导两种方式建立急性肾损伤小鼠模型的最适条件.方法 雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为缺血再灌注组、顺铂诱导组;根据肾缺血再灌注不同时间0 min（sham,假手术）[30 min、40 min、45 min]及顺铂腹腔注射不同剂量0 mg/kg（control,对照）[12.5 mg/kg、15 mg/kg、20 mg/kg单次及10 mg/kg两次]分不同亚组,检测血尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（Scr）水平,HE染色观察肾组织病理变化并根据肾小管坏死程度进行评分（ATN评分）;TUNEL法检测肾小管上皮细胞凋亡.结果 缺血再灌注组建模24 h后血Scr、BUN和ATN评分明显升高,与Sham组比较,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,随着缺血时间的延长,凋亡阳性细胞数逐渐增多,肾组织损伤程度加重,45 min组部分肾小管坏死.顺铂诱导组建模后24 h Scr、BUN和ATN评分逐渐升高,与control组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,随着顺铂浓度的升高,Scr、BUN上升幅度相对较小,10 mg/kg两次注射组凋亡阳性细胞数相对较多,ATN评分显示肾小管中度损伤.结论 小鼠肾缺血30～40 min是缺血再灌注急性肾损伤模型较为理想的缺血时间;10 mg/kg两次注射是顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤模型较适宜剂量,缺血再灌注组肾组织损伤程度重于顺铂诱导组.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.