国产奥沙利铂联合亚叶酸钙和氟脲嘧啶治疗晚期胃癌42例

胃癌是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,以手术治疗为首选,但因缺乏特异性早期症状,约42.4%的患者就诊时已为晚期,且手术后2年内亦有50%～60%的患者可出现复发或转移.对于无法手术切除及术后复发转移的晚期胃癌患者,治疗以化疗为主.近年来,不断有新药及新联合化疗方案投入临床,但仍多以含氟脲嘧啶（5-Fu）或其衍生物及铂类的方案为主.奥沙利铂是第三代铂类药物,具有抗癌活性高、抗瘤谱广、不良反应轻等特点.笔者于2002年6月至2004年6月应用国产奥沙利铂（艾恒L-OHP）联合亚叶酸钙（LV）、5-Fu治疗晚期胃癌42例,取得较好疗效.     

奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗晚期胃癌临床效果分析

目的：观察奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗晚期胃癌近期疗效和安全性。方法：对病理确定的33例晚期胃癌患者应用奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨化疗,21 d为1个周期,2周后评价化疗效果,疗效按照WHO实体瘤近期客观疗效评定标准进行,同时评定不良反应、生活质量评分（KPS）。结果：CR2例,PR19例,SD8例,PD4例。CR2＋PR21例（63.6%）;不良反应均为0～Ⅱ级,主要为末梢神经炎、手足综合征、恶心、呕吐等,均可耐受。KPS评分化疗前后分别为：（65.47±6.63）分及（86.9±7.11）分,P〈0.05。结论：奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗晚期胃癌,疗效肯定,耐受性好。     

紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂或顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效观察

目的比较紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂或顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的疗效和毒性反应。方法将52例初治的NSCLC患者（ⅢB期或Ⅳ期,ECOG评分0～2分,各脏器功能及骨髓造血功能良好）随机分为两组：紫杉醇联合顺铂（TP）组25例,给予紫杉醇135 mg/m2,d1;顺铂25 mg/m2,d1～d3;紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂（TO）组27例,紫杉醇用法同顺铂组;奥沙利铂125 mg/m2,d1。两组均静脉滴入,每21 d为1个周期,每个患者至少给予2个周期。完成2个周期化疗后评价疗效和毒副反应。结果 TO组和TP组有效率分别为37.0%和40.0%（P〉0.05）;Ⅲ～Ⅳ度白细胞减少发生率分别为11.1%和36.0%（P〈0.05）,Ⅲ～Ⅳ度胃肠道反应率分别为14.8%和44.0%（P〈0.05）,Ⅰ＋Ⅱ度神经毒性发生率分别59.2%和20.0%（P〈0.05）。结论紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂或顺铂是治疗晚期NSCLC的有效方案,两方案的近期疗效相似,但紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂方案的血液学毒性及消化道不良反应较轻。     

奥沙利铂联合亚叶酸钙、替加氟对胃肠道肿瘤行时辰化疗的临床观察

目的观察奥沙利铂联合亚叶酸钙和替加氟时辰输注法治疗胃肠道肿瘤的近期疗效及毒性反应。方法 80例患者随机分为时辰化疗组40例,采用时辰化疗法给予奥沙利铂、亚叶酸钙、替加氟;常规化疗组40例,常规给予奥沙利铂、亚叶酸钙、替加氟,均21 d为1周期,3个周期后评定两组的近期疗效和不良反应。结果时辰化疗组与常规化疗组的有效率分别为57.5%和32.5%（P〈0.05）,KPS评分显效率分别是62.5%和35%（P〈0.05）,不良反应发生率分别是15.3%和29.7%（P〈0.05）。结论奥沙利铂联合亚叶酸钙、替加氟的时辰化疗方案有效率高,不良反应小。     

经动脉灌注联合XELOX化疗治疗进展期胃癌疗效观察

目的:观察经动脉灌注化疗联合奥沙利铂+卡培他滨(XELOX)化疗方案治疗进展期胃癌的临床疗效和安全性。方法:选择进展期胃癌92例,随机分为观察组和对照组各46例。对照组采用标准XELOX化疗方案治疗,观察组采用经动脉灌注化疗联合标准XELOX化疗方案治疗,21天为1个周期。治疗2个周期后,比较两组近期和远期疗效,以及不良反应发生情况。结果:(1)观察组总有效率78.3%,非常显著高于对照组的47.8%(P<0.01);入组病例均至少完成3个化疗周期,对照组和观察组中位总生存时间分别为10.5个月和12.5个月,两组生存曲线比较,差异非常显著(P<0.01)。(2)两组不良反应发生率及毒性分级构成比比较,均差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:经动脉灌注化疗联合XELOX化疗方案治疗进展期胃癌,近期疗效和远期疗效均优于单用XELOX化疗方案,且较安全。     

表阿霉素联合XELOX方案治疗晚期胃癌疗效与安全性分析

目的探讨表阿霉素联合XELOX（奥沙利铂联合希罗达）治疗晚期胃癌的疗效及安全性。方法收集我院2006年6月～2010年12月采用表阿霉素联合XELOX方案（即EOX方案）治疗的晚期胃癌进行回顾性分析,并与奥沙利铂联合希罗达化疗方案（单纯XELOX方案）进行比较。EOX组54例,XELOX组66例。结果 EOX方案组总有效率为38.9%（21/54）,XELOX方案组总有效率36.4%（24/66）,两组间无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;XELOX方案组手足综合征的发病率较EOX方案组高,但大多都为Ⅰ～Ⅱ度反应,而Ⅲ～Ⅳ度骨髓抑制、消化道反应、脱发的发病率较EOX低,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论表阿霉素联合XELOX方案治疗晚期胃癌的疗效与单纯XELOX方案治疗的疗效相近,毒副作用可耐受,对于体质较弱或对多次化疗反应后耐受性较差的患者,可能更适合单纯XELOX化疗方案。     

XELOX和OLF方案在晚期胃癌治疗中的疗效与毒副反应比较

目的探讨奥沙利铂联合希罗达方案（XELOX）治疗晚期胃癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法对我院2006年5月至2007年7月间采用XELOX化疗方案治疗的晚期胃癌进行回顾性分析，并与奥沙利铂、5氟脲嘧啶和醛氢叶酸联合化疗方案（OLF）进行比较。XELOX组41例，OLF组44例。结果XELOX方案组总有效率36．5％，疾病进展时间5．6个月，OLF方案组为35％和5．2个月，两组间无显著性差异；主要的毒副反应腹泻、恶心、呕吐、骨髓抑制和肝功能损害两组间无显著性差异，XELOX方案组的手足综合征发生率明显高于OLF方案组（P〈0．01），但都为Ⅰ～Ⅱ度反应。结论XELOX和OLF方案治疗晚期胃癌的疗效相近，毒副反应可耐受，但XELOX方案用药更方便，且在复治患者中有一定的优势。     

顺铂单周与三周方案同期联合调强放射治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌的不良反应与疗效的比较

目的 比较顺铂单周或三周治疗方案同步调强放疗对局部晚期鼻咽癌患者的血液学、黏膜不良反应及疗效的差异。方法 回顾性分析2009年10月至2013年12月收集的148例初治局部晚期鼻咽癌患者资料,所有患者均接受2周期诱导化疗后行调强放疗联合顺铂单药治疗模式,其中75例患者接受顺铂单周治疗方案,73例患者接受顺铂三周治疗方案。采用χ2检验比较两组的血液学不良反应、黏膜不良反应、肿瘤缓解率和预后的差异。两组间的生存率进行Kaplan-Meier法计算并行log-rank检验。结果 顺铂单周组及顺铂三周组化疗的平均治疗周期数为3.64个（20%达5个周期）和1.86个（86%达2个周期）。顺铂单周组对比顺铂三周组的Ⅰ、Ⅱ度白细胞减少的患者比例的差异均有统计学意义（31% vs.51%、35% vs.19%,χ2=6.150、4.500,均P < 0.05）;其他血液学不良反应两组间的差异均无统计学意义。两组黏膜反应差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.137,P=0.934）。放疗结束后6个月顺铂单周与顺铂三周组肿瘤的完全缓解率分别为98.7%和98.6%,单周组和三周组5年生存率分别为77.84%和79.97%,两组间差异无统计学意义（χ2=3.78,P=0.059）;5年无病生存率分别为67.96%和69.10%（χ2=1.25,P=0.27）,5年无局部复发生存率分别为88.76%和86.96%（χ2=0.43,P=0.56）,5年无区域复发生存率分别为91.49%和90.84%（χ2=0.18,P=0.67）,5年无远处转移生存率分别为77.86%和78.90%（χ2=0.31,P=0.56）,两组间差异均无统计学意义。结论 局部晚期鼻咽癌在接受2周期诱导化疗后,顺铂三周联合放疗方案在血液学不良反应方面优于顺铂单周治疗方案,两组在黏膜相关不良反应以及疗效上未见显著差异,顺铂三周组较顺铂单周组具有较好的治疗依从性。     

一线含铂两药化疗方案治疗117例老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效分析

目的 观察以铂类药物为基础联合吉西他滨(GEM)、长春瑞滨(NVB)、紫杉醇(TAX)或其他一线化疗药物两药化疗对术后晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)老年患者的疗效,并分析影响预后的临床病理因素.方法 117例老年(＞60岁)晚期NSCLC患者,术后分别给予GP(GEM+铂类)、NP(NVB+铂类)、TP(TAX+铂类)、其他一线化疗药物+铂类共四种化疗方案,对其资料进行回顾性研究,分析性别、手术方式、病理类型、分化程度、临床分期与患者预后的关系.绘制Kaplan-Meier生存曲线,采用log-rank进行假设检验,采用Cox比例风险回归模型筛选独立预后因素.结果 117例患者的1、3、5年生存率分别为47.23％、17.52％、8.05％.GP、TP、NP组和其他化疗药物组的无进展生存期(PFS)分别为6.0、5.2、6.1和5.5个月(P＞0.05),中位PFS为5.7个月.单因素和多因素分析均显示肿瘤分化程度和临床分期是独立的预后因素.结论 一线含铂两药化疗方案治疗老年晚期NSCLC的疗效与肿瘤分化程度及临床分期有关,但GP、NP、TP及其他一线化疗药物+铂类的疗效无显著差异.     

卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂一线治疗晚期胃癌疗效观察

目的观察卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂（L-OHP）治疗晚期胃癌的的临床疗效和毒副反应。方法经病理学或细胞学确诊的54例晚期患者,应用卡培他滨1250mg/m2口服,第1～14天,L-OHP85mg/m2,静滴2h,dl、d15;28d为1周期,至少2个化疗周期后观察疗效及其不良反应。结果可评价疗效者52例;CR1例（1.92%）,PR28例（53.85%）,SD13例（25%）,PD10例（19.23%）,总的有效率（RR）达55.77%。中位肿瘤进展时间（TTP）5.3（2～13）月,毒副反应主要为手足综合征、胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制和黏膜炎等,多为I～Ⅱ度毒性反应,对症治疗或停止治疗后可缓解,无化疗相关死亡者。结论XELOX方案在晚期胃癌的治疗中疗效较为肯定,且耐受性良好。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）