巴林特小组对儿科护士职业倦怠、抑郁和焦虑情绪的影响

目的探讨巴林特小组对儿科护士职业倦怠、抑郁和焦虑情绪的影响,为改善其心理健康状况提供参考。方法选取天津市儿童医院儿科护士共72例,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各36例。对照组接受常规护理培训,研究组在此基础上接受巴林特小组培训,培训时间均为8周。于培训前后采用职业倦怠量表(MBI)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行评定。结果培训后,研究组MBI中情感枯竭和去人性化因子评分低于对照组,个人成就因子评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义[(15. 86±6. 63)分vs.(20. 45±7. 91)分,t=2. 668,P=0. 009;(4. 28±2. 64)分vs.(6. 37±3. 48)分,t=2. 871,P=0. 005;(29. 43±5. 58)分vs.(24. 82±6. 87)分,t=3. 125,P=0. 003];培训后,研究组SDS、SAS评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义[(27. 31±5. 56)分vs.(30. 46±5. 88)分,t=2. 336,P=0. 022;(26. 18±5. 27)分vs.(29. 76±5. 62)分,t=2. 788,P=0. 007]。结论运用巴林特小组可能有助于改善儿科护士的职业倦怠、抑郁和焦虑情绪,提高其心理健康水平。     

精神科护理人员睡眠状况及相关因素分析

目的 了解精神科护理人员睡眠状况及其影响因素,以及睡眠与职业倦怠相关性。方法 采 用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、Epworth嗜睡量表（ESS）与职业倦怠量表（MBI-GS）对200名精神科护理人 员进行问卷调查;Logistic回归分析确定影响护理人员睡眠问题的因素。结果 精神科护理人员PSQI总 分高于常模（P＜ 0.05）,32.5%护理人员存在睡眠问题。ESS结果显示大部分护理人员日间存在嗜睡状况; ESS总分与睡眠质量、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍、PSQI总分呈正相关。近一个月上中夜班护理人员与不 上中夜班护理人员两组PSQI总分、ESS总分及MBI-GS各维度总分的差异均无统计学意义（P＞ 0.05）。情 绪衰竭及去人性化维度得分与睡眠质量、入睡时间、催眠药物、日间功能障碍及PSQI总分呈正相关;个 人成就感维度得分与PSQI总分及因子分无相关性;MBI-GS各维度得分与ESS总分没有相关性。Logistic 回归分析显示年龄、护龄是影响精神科护士睡眠的主要风险因素,职称分布上主管护师发生睡眠问题的 风险远低于护士。结论 精神科护理人员存在睡眠及嗜睡问题。睡眠质量和职业倦怠密切相关,睡眠障 碍不仅影响身心健康,而且导致护理质量下降。年龄、护龄是影响精神科护士睡眠的主要风险因素。职 称为主管护师的护理人员出现睡眠问题的风险小于职称为护士的护理人员。     

大学生父母教养方式与手机依赖行为的关系：情绪智力的中介作用

目的 调查大学生手机依赖现状,探究情绪智力在大学生父母教养方式与手机依赖之间的中介作用,为改善大学生手机依赖状况提供参考。方法 采用分层整群抽样,应用父母养育方式量表（PBI）、手机成瘾指数量表（MPAI）及情绪智力量表（EIS）对河南省某三所高校的1 200名大学生进行调查,分析父母教养方式与手机依赖的关系,采用AMOS路径分析探究情绪智力的中介作用。结果 共1 090名大学生完成调查,检出597人（54.77%）存在手机依赖。PBI中关爱和鼓励自主因子评分与MPAI总评分和各维度评分均呈负相关（r=-0.316~-0.197,P均<0.01）,PBI中的控制因子评分与MPAI总评分和各维度评分均呈正相关（r=0.206~0.258,P<0.05或0.01）,EIS评分与MPAI总评分和各维度评分均呈负相关（r=-0.317~-0.219,P均<0.01）。母亲关爱、鼓励自主和控制通过情绪智力对手机依赖的间接效应量分别为47.98%、47.00%、42.93%;父亲关爱、鼓励自主和控制通过情绪智力对手机依赖的间接效应量分别为47.99%、48.71%、44.70%。结论 情绪智力在大学生父母教养方式与手机依赖之间起部分中介作用。     

家庭环境对婴幼儿智力发展的影响

本综述了有关家庭环境对婴幼儿智力发展的影响之研究情况．     

短暂性脑缺血发作对智力影响的临床研究

目的 (1)探讨短暂性脑缺血发作(TIAs)患者在临床症状消失后是否遗留智力障碍;(2)探讨颈内动脉与椎-基底动脉系统TIAs患者智力改变的差异;(3)探讨TIAs发作病程、次数及持续时间与智力之间的相关性.方法 对78例TIAs患者末次发作后7～14d及30例对照分别进行修订韦氏成人智力量表(WAIS-RC)测查.结果 (1)颈内动脉和椎-基底动脉系统TIAs患者在相似性、数字符号、图片排列、图形拼凑各项评分均明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05);(2)椎-基底动脉系统TIAs在图画填充、图片排列、图形拼凑的评分与颈内动脉系统TIAs比较有显著性差异(P<0.01);(3)颈内动脉系统TIAs患者的病程与WAIS-RC各项等值量表分之间均无相关性(P>0.05).而发作次数与数字符号等值量表分,每次发作持续时间与知识、领悟、相似性、图片排列、VIQ、PIQ、FIQ各项等值量表分之间均有负相关性(P<0.05).结论 (1)颈内动脉和椎-基底动脉系统TIAs患者在临床症状恢复后,仍存在不同程度的认知功能障碍;椎-基底动脉系统TIAs更容易出现视觉记忆和短时记忆障碍.(2)颈内动脉系统TIAs患者的发作次数对学习、书写速度、视知觉、视觉扫描的能力有影响;每次发作持续时间的长短对知识的保持和广度、对实际知识的理解和判断能力、抽象概括能力及故事情节的理解能力均有影响.     

情绪对时间感知的影响

时间(time)是日常生活中的一个基本维度,主观或心理上的时问就是人们对时间过得快慢或某件事情发生后过了多长时间的内在体验~([1]).时间感知(time perception)是指人们对客观现象的延续性和顺序性的反映,它是人类一切认知活动和动作技能的基础.     

小儿智力糖浆对脑瘫伴语言功能障碍患儿语言功能及智力恢复的影响

目的研究小儿智力糖浆对脑瘫伴语言功能障碍患儿语言功能及智力恢复的影响。方法选择2013-05—2014-08在我院就诊的100例脑瘫伴语言功能障碍患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例,观察组接受常规方案联合小儿智力糖浆治疗,对照组接受常规方案治疗,比较2组的语言功能、智力恢复情况。结果语言功能:观察有效率84.00%,明显高于对照组的60.00%(χ~2=7.143,P0.05);Gesell评分:观察组粗大运动行为、精细运动行为、适应行为、语言行为及个人-社交行为评分均明显高于对照组(t=5.193~6.239,P0.05);Bayley指数:观察组智力发展指数(MDI)、运动发展指数(PDI)评分与优良率无明明显高于对照组(t/χ~2=5.293~7.956,P0.05)。结论小儿智力糖浆联合常规方案治疗能够更为有效改善脑瘫伴语言功能患儿语言功能,促进智力恢复,提高治疗效果。     

精神科护理人员焦虑抑郁情绪与工作压力的关系

目的探讨精神科护士焦虑抑郁情绪与工作压力的关系。方法采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表和护士工作压力源量表对130名精神疾病专科在职护理人员进行调查。结果精神科护理人员的焦虑和抑郁情绪的检出率分别为51．2％和44．9％,有焦虑和抑郁情绪者的工作压力均明显高于无焦虑和抑郁者（P〈0．001）,焦虑抑郁情绪与工作压力呈显著正相关关系（P〈0．01）。结论精神科护理人员的焦虑抑郁情绪明显,其焦虑抑郁情绪与其特殊的护理工作压力具有密切的联系。     

智力竞技型休闲活动对阿尔茨海默病的影响

目的　探讨智力竞技型休闲活动 (以下简称智力活动 )对阿尔茨海默病 (AD)的影响。方法　采用分层随机整群抽样方法 ,以淄博市各层人口所占总人口比例确定各层应查≥ 5 5岁人群 ,共 6 5 6 0人 ,实查 6 348人。调查采用筛查和确诊两阶段法 ,按美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第 4版的标准诊断痴呆 ,同时进行自编智力活动问卷调查 ,并进行流行病学及卫生统计学分析。结果 (1)查出痴呆患者共 138例 ,患病率为 2 17%。其中AD为 1 6 1% ,血管性痴呆 (VD)为 0 4 1% ,其他痴呆为0 16 %。 (2 )有智力活动组的AD患病率 (0 6 7% ,11例 )低于无智力活动组 (1 94 % ,91例 ;P <0 0 1)。(3)分层分析结果显示 ,同一层中有智力活动组的AD患病率均低于无智力活动组 (P <0 0 5和P <0 0 1)。 (4)有智力活动组的AD患病年龄 [(84± 7)岁 ]较无智力活动组 [(71± 8)岁 ]晚 (P <0 0 1) ;且痴呆的程度 (中、重度为 0 2 4 % )较无智力活动组 (1 70 % )轻 (P <0 0 1)。结论　智力活动有助于降低罹患AD的风险 ,对AD可能有保护作用。     

抑郁障碍患者的情绪偏好和情绪调节动机特征

抑郁症患者的情绪调节策略和情绪存在异常,而情绪偏好和情绪调节动机会影响个体对情绪调节策略的选择,从而影响情绪。本综述介绍了抑郁症患者的情绪偏好特征和其对情绪调节策略的影响,从不同的理论角度出发解释情绪调节动机在其中的作用,后续研究可以在探究相关机制的基础上,尝试和具体的心理治疗技术相结合来探究其干预效果。     

精神科护士职业倦怠现状调查分析

目的 探讨精神科护士的职业倦怠现状,为提高该群体的心理健康水平提供理论依据.方法 对192名精神科护士采用一般情况问卷、职业倦怠量表进行调查.结果 职业倦怠各维度得分由高到低依次是成就感低、情绪耗竭和人格解体;情绪衰竭维度在不同的年龄、婚姻状况和工作年限上的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);多元回归分析结果显示,情绪衰竭的主要影响因素是工作年限、年龄,人格解体的主要影响因素是工作年限,成就感低落的主要影响因素是婚姻状况,总倦怠的主要影响因素是婚姻状况.结论 精神科护士的职业倦怠处于中等偏上水平,且影响因素较多,应该受到关注.     

护士职业承诺与职业倦怠的现状及相关性

目的 探讨护士职业承诺与职业倦怠的现状及两者的相关性.方法 采用职业承诺问卷和职业倦怠调查普适量表(MBI-GS)对南充市4所医院的695名护士进行问卷调查,比较不同人口学资料的护士职业承诺和职业倦怠水平,并采用Pearson相关分析法探讨两者的相关性.结果 护士职业承诺问卷与MBI-GS总评分分别为(78.38±12...     

Training emotional intelligence improves both emotional intelligence and depressive symptoms in inpatients with borderline personality disorder and depression

Abstract

Objective. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is defined as a pervasive pattern of instability in emotion, mood and interpersonal relationships, with a comorbidity between PBD and depressive disorders (DD). A key competence for successful management of interpersonal relationships is emotional intelligence (EI). Given the low EI of patients suffering from BPD, the present study aimed at investigating the effect on both emotional intelligence and depression of training emotional intelligence in patients with BPD and DD. Methods. A total of 30 inpatients with BPD and DD (53% females; mean age 24.20 years) took part in the study. Patients were randomly assigned either to the treatment or to the control group. Pre- and post-testing 4 weeks later involved experts’ rating of depressive disorder and self-reported EI. The treatment group received 12 sessions of training in components of emotional intelligence. Results. Relative to the control group, EI increased significantly in the treatment group over time. Depressive symptoms decreased significantly over time in both groups, though improvement was greater in the treatment than the control group. Conclusion. For inpatients suffering from BPD and DD, regular skill training in EI can be successfully implemented and leads to improvements both in EI and depression. Results suggest an additive effect of EI training on both EI and depressive symptoms.     

精神科医生职业压力、职业倦怠与心理健康的关系

目的 了解精神科医生职业压力、职业倦怠与心理健康的状况并探讨其相互关系.方法 采用一般情况问卷、自编医生工作压力调查表、Maslach职业倦怠-通用版(MBI-GS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90),对216名精神科医生进行问卷调查.结果 (1)精神科医生最感压力的事件是工作负荷;除工作和家庭冲突外,其余各因子压力强度均超过中值3;在职业倦怠的3个维度中,精神科医生的情绪衰竭程度相对较高,女性医生在情绪衰竭方面显著高于男性医生(P＜0.05);与全国成人常模比较,精神科医生SCL-90各因子得分除恐怖和精神病性外均显著高于国内常模.(2)情绪衰竭与职业压力各维度,情感疏远与工作负荷及医患关系,职业效能感与医患关系,职业倦怠3个维度与SCL-90总均分均呈正相关(P＜0.05).(3)路径分析显示,职业压力和职业倦怠与心理健康间分别存在间接和直接的因果关系.结论 精神科医生职业压力比较大、职业倦怠较为严重,心理健康水平较低;职业倦怠是职业压力和心理健康之间重要的相关因素;社会及各医院管理层应给予充分关注.     

Prospective associations between loneliness and emotional intelligence

Loneliness has been linked cross-sectionally to emotional skill deficits (e.g., Zysberg, 2012), but missing from the literature is a longitudinal examination of these relationships. The present study fills that gap by examining the prospective relationships between loneliness and emotional functioning in young adolescents in England. One hundred and ninety-six adolescents aged 11–13 years (90 females) took part in the study and completed the youth version of the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT-YV) and the peer-related subscale of the Loneliness and Aloneness Scale for Children and Adolescents (LACA) at two time points, which were 10 months apart. Prospective associations were obtained for male and female adolescents separately using cross-lagged statistical techniques. Our results showed prospective links between understanding and managing emotions and loneliness for both females and males. Perceiving and using emotions were prospectively linked to loneliness in males only. Possible explanations and directions for future research are discussed.     

Highways of the emotional intellect: white matter microstructural correlates of an ability-based measure of emotional intelligence

Individuals differ in their ability to understand emotional information and apply that understanding to make decisions and solve problems effectively – a construct known as Emotional Intelligence (EI). While considerable evidence supports the importance of EI in social and occupational functioning, the neural underpinnings of this capacity are relatively unexplored. We used Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) to determine the white matter correlates of EI as measured by the ability-based Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT). Participants included 32 healthy adults (16 men; 16 women), aged 18–45 years. White matter integrity in key tracts was positively correlated with the Strategic Area branches of the MSCEIT (Understanding Emotions and Managing Emotions), but not the Experiential branches (Perceiving and Facilitating Emotions). Specifically, the Understanding Emotions branch was associated with greater fractional anisotropy (FA) within somatosensory and sensory-motor fiber bundles, particularly those of the left superior longitudinal fasciculus and corticospinal tract. Managing Emotions was associated with greater FA within frontal-affective association tracts including the anterior forceps and right uncinate fasciculus, along with frontal-parietal cingulum and interhemispheric corpus callosum tracts. These findings suggest that specific components of EI are directly related to the structural microarchitecture of major axonal pathways.     

Factors associated with anxiety among the Lebanese population: the role of alexithymia,self-esteem,alcohol use disorders,emotional intelligence and stress and burnout

Abstract

Objective: To assess factors associated with anxiety among a sample of the Lebanese population.

Methods: A cross-sectional, conducted between November 2017 and March 2018, enrolled 789 participants. Anxiety was measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale. A cluster analysis was then performed with the identified factor scores to identify the different profiles of the participants.

Results: A cluster analysis based on the three factors derived three mutually exclusive clusters, which form 29.62%, 34.54%, and 35.84% of all participants, respectively. The first cluster represented people in distress (low emotional intelligence, high depersonalisation, alcohol use disorder, burnout, stress, alexithymia and low self-esteem); the second one represented people with wellbeing (High emotional intelligence, low depersonalisation, low alcohol use disorder, low burnout, low stress, low alexithymia and high self-esteem), whereas cluster 3 represented people in between. Higher age (Beta = 0.065) was significantly associated with higher anxiety, whereas being in cluster 2 (people with wellbeing) (Beta?=??12.37) and cluster 3 (people in between) (Beta?=??5.426) were significantly associated with lower anxiety compared to being in cluster 1 (people in distress).

Conclusions: The findings of this study are overall consistent with those of epidemiologic community-based surveys and may help inform structural models of classification and prediction of anxiety disorders (ADs).     

Direct and indirect relationships between emotional intelligence and subjective fatigue in university students

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the direct and indirect relationships between emotional intelligence and subjective fatigue. METHODS: One hundred sixty seven university students completed questionnaires assessing subjective fatigue, emotional intelligence, and a range of other psychosocial factors. A series of regression analyses were used to examine the direct and indirect relationships between subjective fatigue and psychosocial factors. RESULTS: Higher emotional intelligence was associated with less fatigue. The psychosocial variables depression, anxiety, optimism, internal health locus of control, amount of social support, and satisfaction with social support each partially mediated between emotional intelligence and fatigue. Additionally, sleep quality partially mediated between emotional intelligence and fatigue. CONCLUSION: These findings regarding the association between subjective fatigue, emotional intelligence, and other psychosocial factors may facilitate an understanding of the aetiology of fatigue and contribute to future research examining interventions aimed at helping individuals cope with fatigue.     

高校教师职业效能感对幸福感的影响:职业倦怠的中介作用

目的探讨高校教师职业效能感与幸福感的关系以及职业倦怠在其中所起的中介作用。方法于2013年12月采用整群随机取样方法抽取四川省507名高校教师,使用职业倦怠量表、职业效能感量表、总体幸福感量表对其进行问卷调查。结果 1高校教师职业效能感各因素的分值均高于理论平均分(P均0.001),其中最高为育人威信(4.11±0.74)分,其次为教学能力(3.95±0.90)分和知识素养(3.96±0.81)分,再次为科研素养(3.59±0.72)分,最后为稳定自尊(3.33±1.00)分;2有82.05%的高校教师都存在职业倦怠,低成就感(2.39±0.65)分、情感枯竭(2.59±0.61)分、去个性化(2.28±0.63)分均高于理论平均分(P均0.001);3相关分析显示,职业倦怠与职业效能感之间(r=-0.369,P0.01)、职业倦怠与主观幸福感之间(r=-0.378,P0.01)呈负相关,职业效能感与主观幸福感之间呈正相关(r=0.231,P0.01);4高校教师的职业倦怠在职业效能感与主观幸福感间的比例为中介效应占总效应53.99%。结论高校教师职业效能感比较高,但也是职业倦怠的高发人群;职业倦怠在职业效能感与主观幸福感间起到了部分中介作用。     

Effects of an emotional intelligence intervention on aggression and empathy among adolescents

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a two-year intervention grounded in the ability model of emotional intelligence (EI) on aggression and empathy among adolescents. Eight Spanish public schools volunteered to participate in the research. A total of 590 adolescents (46% boys) were randomly assigned to either the EI training group or control group conditions. Students in the EI training group reported lower levels of physical/verbal aggression, anger, hostility, personal distress and fantasy compared to students in the control group. Additionally, the EI program was particularly effective for males' empathic abilities. These findings confirm the effectiveness of social and emotional learning interventions in Spanish academic contexts and extend the literature of gender-related differences during adolescence. Study limitations and future research directions are also considered.