经脐单孔腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张效果观察

目的:观察分析经脐单孔腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张的效果。方法:选取我院自2013年1月至2015年1月这段时期内收治的68例精索静脉曲张患者作为临床研究对象,将其随机分成研究组34例和对照组34例,对研究组的患者行经脐单孔腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术治疗,对对照组的患者行传统腹腔镜手术治疗,术后均给予优质护理,观察比较两组患者的临床疗效、手术时间、腔内操作时间、建立气腹时间、住院时间以及并发症情况。结果:两组患者的总治疗有效率比较差异不显著(P0.05);研究组患者的平均手术时间、平均腔内操作时间、平均建立气腹时间、平均住院时间均显著短于对照组患者,数据差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的并发症发生率比较差异不显著(P0.05)。结论:采用经脐单孔腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张疗效显著、操作简单、安全性高、并发症少,值得临床推广。     

两种腹腔镜下手术方法治疗精索静脉曲张的临床体会

目的 探讨改良三孔三通道和经脐单孔腹腔镜下常规器械精索静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张的可行性及临床疗效.方法 2006年7月至2010年4月收治的随访资料完整的Ⅱ度及以上原发性精索静脉曲张患者337例,其中采用改良三孔三通道腹腔镜下常规器械精索静脉高位结扎术249例(A组),采用经脐单孔腹腔镜下常规器械精索静脉高位结扎术88例(B组).比较两组手术时间、术后鞘膜积液发生率、睾丸萎缩率、复发率、精液质量提高率及2年内配偶自然妊娠率.结果 337例患者手术均获成功,B组手术时间为(19.0±7.5) min,明显短于A组的(38.0±10.9) min,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).A组和B组术后鞘膜积液发生率、睾丸萎缩率、复发率、精液质量提高率和术后2年内配偶自然妊娠率比较差异无统计学意义[ 0.4％(1/249)比0、1.2％( 3/249)比1.1％(1/88)、5.6％ (14/249)比4.5％(4/88)、77.1％(192/249)比79.5％(70/88)和56.9％(112/197)比61.8％(42/68),P＞0.05].结论 改良三孔三通道和经脐单孔腹腔镜下常规器械精索静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张均安全有效,其中经脐单孔腹腔镜下常规器械精索静脉高位结扎术手术时间更短、手术创伤更小、手术切口更美观,可选择性开展应用.     

腹腔镜高位结扎精索静脉治疗精索静脉曲张的应用研究

目的探讨腹腔镜高位结扎治疗精索静脉曲张手术经验,分析精索静脉曲张病人的术后疗效及应用价值。方法回顾精索静脉曲张患者,实验组施行腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术,对照组行腹膜后高位结扎术,对两组术后阴囊坠痛不适减轻、曲张精索静脉消失及精液质量改善进行分析比较。结果实验组较对照组在术后患侧阴囊坠痛,阴囊内曲张的精索静脉减缓或消失时间,及在术后复查精液常规,精子数及活动率均明显改善,两组疗效比较有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论腹腔镜下高位结扎精索静脉治疗精索静脉曲张,对机体创伤小、并发症少、术后恢复快,是一种安全可靠的手术方法,可作为手术治疗精索静脉曲张首选,值得临床大力推广。     

腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术、改良Palomo术和经腹股沟管精索静脉结扎治疗精索静脉曲张的疗效对比

目的探讨腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术、改良Palomo术和经腹股沟管精索静脉结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张的疗效对比。方法回顾性分析2010年2月²014年2月期间在我院就诊的120例精索静脉曲张患者,其中行腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术40例(腹腔镜组)、行改良Palomo术40例(改良组)、行经腹股沟管精索静脉结扎术40例(常规组),对比三组患者的手术时间、住院天数以及术后疗效。结果三组患者在手术时间、住院时间均无显著性差异(p>0.05),术后3个月、6个月时精液质量均较治疗前有显著改善(p<0.05),但三组组内比较3个月、6个月时精液质量无显著性差异(p>0.05)。而常规组患者手术复发率显著高于腹腔镜组和改良组(p<0.05)。结论精索静脉曲张患者采用腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术、改良Palomo术和经腹股沟管精索静脉结扎术治疗均能取得较好的治疗效果,而对于双侧的曲张患者,建议选择腹腔镜手术。     

腹腔镜手术与开放手术治疗双侧精索静脉曲张的对比

目的:探讨腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术治疗双侧精索静脉曲张的疗效。方法:本院收治的25例双侧精索静脉曲张患者随机分为两组,对照组12例采用开放手术,行开放性双侧精索静脉高位结扎,治疗组13例采用腹腔镜下双侧精索内静脉高位结扎术。观察并比较两组患者疗效。结果:两组手术均获成功,无并发症。治疗组平均手术时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组的平均术中出血量和术后住院时间亦显著短于对照组(P0.01)。随访3个月～1年,两组患者均无复发,两组的症状改善率和精液改善率无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜手术治疗双侧精索静脉曲张安全、有效,患者创伤小、康复快,为手术治疗双侧精索静脉曲张提供了一种可选择的方法。     

显微镜下精索静脉结扎术和腹腔镜下精索静脉结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张的效果比较

目的比较显微镜下精索静脉结扎术和腹腔镜下精索静脉结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张的效果。方法 60例精索静脉曲张患者随机分为两组各30例,对照组进行腹腔镜下精索静脉结扎术治疗,实验组进行显微镜下精索静脉结扎术治疗。比较两组患者的围手术期相关指标,以及手术前后的血清IgA、 IgG浓度和精子质量。结果实验组的手术时间显著长于对照组,住院时间、胃肠功能恢复时间、住院费用及术后阴囊水肿发生率均显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。实验组术后6天的IgA、 IgG浓度均显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。术后半年,实验组的精子密度、精子存活率以及(a+b)级精子百分率均显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。结论显微镜下精索静脉结扎术相较于腹腔镜下精索静脉结扎术的创伤更小,术后精液质量更高,阴囊水肿发生率更低。     

腹腔镜手术治疗精索静脉曲张102例疗效分析

目的:探讨经腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张的意义。方法对经腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术治疗的102例精索静脉曲张患者进行分析,并与同期开放手术治疗的116例患者比较。结果:腹腔镜组平均住院时间3d±1.1d,对照组平均住院时间7d±1.5d,有显著差异(P<0.01);术后两组患者的症状、精液性质均较术前有显著改善(P<0.01),但术前、术后两组间同一参数相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:经腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术具有创伤小、病人术后恢复快、疗效确切等优点,值得临床推广。     

腹膜后精索内静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张性不育疗效分析

目的观察腹膜后精索内静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张性不育患者的疗效。方法 150例精索静脉曲张性不育患者行腹膜后精索内静脉高位结扎术,比较术前、术后第3、6、12、24月的精液质量,并且追踪术后2年内配偶临床妊娠结果。结果术后精子密度、精子总数、a+b级精子数均较术前有显著提高(P<0.05),但术后第3、6、12、24月的精液质量各主要参数间对比,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。术后2年内配偶临床妊娠为90例(60%)。结论腹膜后精索内静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张性不育疗效好,能改善患者的精液质量,提高其配偶的怀孕率。     

腹膜后精索内静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张性不育疗效分析

目的观察腹膜后精索内静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张性不育患者的疗效。方法 150例精索静脉曲张性不育患者行腹膜后精索内静脉高位结扎术,比较术前、术后第3、6、12、24月的精液质量,并且追踪术后2年内配偶临床妊娠结果。结果术后精子密度、精子总数、a+b级精子数均较术前有显著提高(P<0.05),但术后第3、6、12、24月的精液质量各主要参数间对比,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。术后2年内配偶临床妊娠为90例(60%)。结论腹膜后精索内静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张性不育疗效好,能改善患者的精液质量,提高其配偶的怀孕率。     

显微镜下小切口精索静脉高位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张的临床效果观察

目的：与传统经腹股沟精索静脉结扎术,分析显微镜下小切口精索静脉高位结扎术对精索静脉曲张患者精液质量和术后妊娠和复发情况的影响。方法将60例精索静脉曲张患者按抽签法随机分成显微镜下高位小切口精索静脉高位结扎术（显微镜）组和传统经腹股沟精索静脉结扎术（传统）组,每组30例,比较两组术后的精液质量、复发率及配偶妊娠率。结果术后3个月,传统组精子浓度比术前明显提高;显微镜组精子浓度及总活力均较术前显著提高;显微镜组精子浓度高于传统组;差异均有统计学意义。术后6个月,两组精子浓度和总活力均较术前显著提高;显微镜组精子浓度显著高于传统组;差异均有统计学意义。术后妊娠率显微镜组高于传统组,复发率低于传统组。结论显微镜下小切口精索静脉高位结扎术效果优于传统经腹股沟精索静脉结扎术,是不育伴有精索静脉曲张患者的首选方法之一。     

单孔腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术153例临床报告

目的总结单孔三通道腹腔镜手术治疗原发性精索静脉曲张的手术经验。方法系统回顾分析我院2006年至2009年采用单孔腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术治疗的153例患者病例资料。结果 153例手术中,除1例复发外,均无远期并发症发生,随访6～12月术后恢复良好。结论单孔三通道腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术是一种较理想的手术方式,值得临床推广应用。     

三种术式治疗精索静脉曲张的临床疗效比较

目的 探讨腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术、改良Palomo术和传统开放手术(经腹股沟管精索静脉结扎术)治疗精索静脉曲张的临床疗效及差别.方法 将135例精索静脉曲张手术患者按照随机数字表法分为三组,腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术组(A组,50例)、改良Palomo术组(B组,70例)和传统开放手术组(C组,15例),对三组患者的手术时间、住院时间、手术费用,术前、术后1、6、12个月的精液质量进行比较,并追踪18个月内患者精索静脉曲张复发、配偶临床妊娠结果 及睾丸萎缩的发生情况.结果 三组患者在单侧手术时间、住院时间方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);住院费用方面A组明显高于B、C组(P<0.05),而B、C组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三组术后精液质量均较术前有显著提高(P<0.05),但组内术后1、6、12个月精液质量各参数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后随访18个月,C组复发率13.3%(2/15),显著高于A组的0和B组的1.4%(1/70)(P<0.05),三组配偶临床妊娠率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)[A组68.0%(34/50),B组68.6%(48/70),C组66.7%(10/15)].随访期间三组均无睾丸萎缩.结论 腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术和改良Palomo术是治疗精索静脉曲张的安全、简单、有效的手术方式.对于单侧精索静脉曲张,改良Palomo术值得首先推荐;对于双侧和复发的精索静脉曲张,则可以优先考虑腹腔镜手术.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical therapeutic effectiveness of laparoscopic high ligation of spermatic vein method, modified Palomo procedure and ligating of spermatic vein via inguinal canal for varicocele. Methods All 135 patients with varicocele who underwent varicocele were divided into three groups by random number table method: laparoscopic high ligation of spermatic vein method group (group A, 50 cases), modified Palomo procedure group(group B, 70 cases) and ligating of spermatic vein via inguinal canal group (group C, 15 cases). The surgery time,the length of stay,the hospital expenses,and the quality of their semen were collected at different time points (preoperation, 1,6,12 months after operation) and assessed,the recurrence rate,the pregnant outcomes of their spouses and the testicle atrophy rate 18 months postoperation were followed-up. Results There was no significant difference in the surgery time and the length of stay among three groups (P> 0.05). But the hospital expenses in group A was significantly higher than that in group B and group C (P <0.05). The quality of their semen were all significantly increased after operation in three groups compared with that before operation (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the key parameters of the quality of their after operation among three groups (P> 0.05). During the follow-up of 18 months, the recurrence rate in semen group C (13.3% ,2/15) was significantly higher than that in group A (0) and group B (1.4%, l/70)(P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in their spouses who were found to have clinical pregnant outcomes during follow-up [group A: 68.0%(34/50),group B:68.6%(48/70),group C:66.7%(10/15)](P> 0.05). No testicle atrophy happened during follow-up. Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery and modified Palomo procedure are safe,convenient and effective surgical techniques. Modified Palomo procedure is recommended for unilateral varicocele. Laparoscopic surgery has advantages for recurrent and bilateral varicocele.     

精索静脉高位结扎术对抗精子抗体、精子顶体酶活性及精子数量、活动力的影响

目的探讨精索静脉曲张患者在精索静脉高位结扎术前、后精液中抗精子抗体、精子顶体酶活性及精子数量、活动力的变化。方法选取精索静脉曲张患者35例。用混合抗球蛋白凝集法(MAR)、改良的Kennedy法测定术前和术后3～6个月精液中抗精子抗体、精子顶体酶活性及精子计数、活动力(a及b级活动力精子的百分率)测定。结果精索静脉高位结扎术后患者精液中抗精子抗体有下降、精子顶体酶活性较术前明显增高、精子数量增加、活动力升高。结论精索静脉高位结扎术对精索静脉曲张患者精液中抗精子抗体的下降、精子顶体酶活性的提高、精液质量的提高有帮助。     

Present-day management of male infertility

An overview is presented of the management of impaired fertility in men. Laboratory examination of semen, the primary determination of fertility status, is complicated by the lack of criteria of "normal" parameters. Most seminologists agree that fertility is compatible with a count below 20 million/ml, but the quality of motility and morphology is the critical factor. Consecutive semen analyses in the same person can also show great variation, so several specimens should be studied over a period of months. A definite cause for infertility can be found in less than 10% of cases. Half of those with a known cause are azoospermic due to an obstructive lesion of the conducting pathways or to total failure of spermatogenesis. Varicocele and immunolgoic aspects of infertility have attracted recent interest. New investigational methods have identified a substantial retrograde flow down the internal spermatic vein whenever a true varicocele is palpable. Suprainguinal ligation of the internal spermatic vein has been performed in these cases and estimates of improvement in the semen profile range from 30-80% of cases. However, many clinicians have reservations about the overall role of spermatic venous reflex in male infertility. When a significant titer of antibodies is noted, corticosteroids are generally administered. Despite little evident benefit, the trend toward prolonged treatment of infertility with pituitary hormones and stimulants continues. Increasingly, the infertile couple is being treated as a unit. Since specific measures seldom improve the semen profile, attention should be focused on improvement of opportunity for any effective sperm to achieve fertilization. There has been renewed interest in the cervical insemination cap method. About 14% of couples where the man shows seminal impairment conceived by this method, provided some of the sperm are of normal morphology. Artificial insemination with pooled stored sperm has produced disappointing results.     

经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术临床技术体会

目的经脐单孔腹腔镜手术面临的主要矛盾是两穿刺套管相近在同一水平面,术者操作冲突,和胆囊管处理问题。我们尝试用改进的器械实现了腹壁完全无可见瘢痕的经脐入路单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术。讨论术式处理对策方法。方法我们改良的5mmtrocar及加长的电凝钩,直角钛夹钳和5mm腹腔镜。5mm钛夹钳,用上述器械我们完成了150例经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术。结果 5例因胆囊颈部结石嵌顿,胆囊明显水肿,显露困难,改用两孔法完成手术。其余均顺利完成手术,手术时间25～100min,无术中术后并发症达到腹壁无可见手术瘢痕,脐部皮肤出院时仅见脐部皱褶。结论使用我们改良的器械行经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术技术上是可行的,操作简单、安全,但必须要手术组的密切配合。     

SOMATIC ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME IN VARICOCELE

The ACE is found as two isozymes in the body. A somatic isozyme found in blood and several other tissues, and a testis-specific isozyme found only in developing spermatids and mature sperm. In this study, we investigated the ACE activity in left spermatic vein blood samples of infertile patients with varicocele and its correlation to spermatologic parameters. The somatic ACE activities were determined in the peripheral and left spermatic vein blood samples from 31 infertile patients who underwent variococelectomy, and 11 fertile control subjects underwent left inguinal herniorraphy. The somatic ACE activity was measured by kinetic spectrophotometric assay. Semen analyses were performed according to WHO guidelines. The mean somatic ACE activities of peripheral and left spermatic veins of the varicocele group were 60.3 ± 23.0 and 60.2 ± 23.2 U/L, respectively. In control group, peripheral and left spermatic vein ACE activities were found as 56.8 ± 17.1 and 56.5 ± 15.5 U/L, respectively. There was no significant difference between the ACE activity in peripheral and left spermatic vein blood sample from the varicocele and control group. There was no statistically significant correlation between the spermatologic parameters and ACE activities in the spermatic and peripheral vein in both of varicocele and control groups. As a result, it may be suggested that the somatic ACE has no causative role in pathophysiology of varicocele and varicocele related infertility.     

经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术临床技术体会

目的经脐单孔腹腔镜手术面临的主要矛盾是两穿刺套管相近在同一水平面,术者操作冲突,和胆囊管处理问题。我们尝试用改进的器械实现了腹壁完全无可见瘢痕的经脐入路单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术。讨论术式处理对策方法。方法我们改良的5mmtrocar及加长的电凝钩,直角钛夹钳和5mm腹腔镜。5mm钛夹钳,用上述器械我们完成了150倒经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术。结果5例因胆囊颈部结石嵌顿,胆囊明显水肿,显露困难,改用两孔法完成手术。其余均顺利完成手术,手术时间25-100min,无术中术后并发症达到腹壁无可见手术瘢痕,脐部皮肤出院时仅见脐部皱褶。结论使用我们改良的器械行经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术技术上是可行的,操作简单．安全,但必须要手术组的密切配合。     

经脐单部位腹腔镜阑尾切除术110例报告

探讨经脐单部位腹腔镜阑尾切除术治疗急性阑尾炎的临床经验。方法：回顾分析2011年1月至2013年10月我院小儿外科利用经脐部单部位腹腔镜治疗的110例急性阑尾炎患儿的临床资料,其中男64例,女46例,2,3~12岁,平均6．8岁。所有患儿均采取自脐孔置入单孔腹腔镜,并经过脐轮切口直接置入抓钳探查腹腔,将阑尾拖出体外进行常规切除的方法。结果：110例患儿中,急性单纯性阑尾炎86例,急性化脓性阑尾炎24例。107例行单孔腹腔镜手术均获成功,3例改行常规三孔腹腔镜手术,无中转进腹手术。患儿均治愈,术中出血少,无切口感染,无手术相关并发症发生。术后随访3—24个月,平均17．5月,脐部无可视性疤痕,无肠粘连及肠梗阻。结论：经脐单部位腹腔镜阑尾切除术治疗小儿急性阑尾炎尤其是单纯性阑尾炎安全可行,手术操作简单、易掌握,且更加微创,腹部无明显瘢痕残留,值得临床推广。