杭州地区儿科护士职业压力的调查研究

目的：通过调查杭州地区儿科护士的职业压力，探讨儿科工作的特殊性对儿科护士身心两方面的影响。方法；通过问卷调查的方法．调查对象亲自填好护士工作压力源量表、心理症状自评量表（SCL-90）、焦虑自评表（SAS）。结果；儿科护士的SCL-90总分明显高于成人科护士．而SCL-90躯体、焦虑、忧郁等因子分与成人科护士相比有显著差别（P〈0.05）。在SAS方面儿科护士与成人科护士相比有显著差异（P〈0．01）。在护士工作压力源量表中，儿科护士在工作量及时间分配问题、工作环境及资源方面的问题、病人护理方面的问题上和成人科护士相比有显著差别（P〈0.05）。结论：儿科护士的职业压力比成人科护士的职业压力要大得多．急需要缓解。     

急诊护士心理压力调查分析

目的：了解急诊护士在工作中面对职业压力时对身心健康可能造成的影响。方法：采用国际通用症状自评量表（symptomcheck-list90，SCL-90）、紧张程度测试法自评量表，对69名急诊科工作护士及70名普通病房护士进行问卷调查。结果：在SCL-90量表中，急诊护士组有7个因子均高于非急诊科；在紧张程度测试法量表中，急诊护士处于高度紧张、较高度紧张的占11．9％。结论：急诊护士在工作中存在许多心理压力源，护理管理者应给予足够的重视，合理排班，定期轮换，减轻工作中的疲劳感，建立护理人员支持系统，进行心理健康知识培训，提高护理人员的心理词适能力，创造良好的工作环境和工作氛围。     

护士心理压力的调查分析研究

目的调查了解医院护士心理的心理卫生和压力情况及发生的原因,寻找可以缓解护士心理压力的良好办法和对策,以提高心理健康,保证良好的工作状态。方法依据SCL-90自评症状量表,自行设计了问卷调查表,对我院所有护士的心理压力情况进行调查和抽样访问。结果经过问卷回收后统计显示,由于工作、专业知识和心理卫生等原因,我院护士都存在各种各样的心理压力,面对不同程度的心理压力,护士的自我调节方式不尽如意。结论针对我院护士面临的心理压力和产生原因,提倡护士要进行适当的自我调整,进行定期的知识技能培训,减轻工作量,建立专业的心理咨询机构进行心理辅导。     

层级护理管理在中医骨科中的应用研究

目的：探讨组长负责制层级管理模式在护理管理中的应用对中医骨科患者护理质量的影响。方法：在中医骨科原有护理基础上,在骨科设立护理大组长一职,制定和实施护理大组长负责制管理模式,通过质控分析,比较实施前后护理质量（基础护理、病区管理、护理文件的书写、护理措施的落实、差错率、院内感染的发生率）的变化。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）,焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）比较实施层级护理管理模式前后护士心理状况。以及评价患者对护理的满意度以及护士工作满意度。结果：与实施前护理质量（基础护理、病区管理、护理文件的书写、护理措施的落实、差错率、院内感染的发生率）比较,实施层级后,差错率、院内感染的发生率明显下降,基础护理、病区管理、护理文件的书写、护理措施的落实明显增加,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。与实施前比较,实施层级护理管理模式后,中医骨科护士的心理状态明显改善,护士工作满意度和患者的满意度也明显增加,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：建立护理大组长负责制层级护士的职责,提高了患者满意度和护士的满意度,改善了护理质量。     

NICU护士工作压力产生的原因及对策

目的探讨NICU护士的工作压力产生原因及解决对策。方法采用护士工作压力源量表、M氏职业倦怠量表、抑郁、焦虑自评量表及一般情况调查表,对我院46名NICU护士进行问卷调查。结果 NICU护士压力源得分从高到低是工作量及时间分配问题、护理专业及工作方面的问题及患者护理方面的问题,本组NICU护士轻、中、重度倦怠分别为8.98%、42.87%、29.09%;抑郁发生率37.83%,焦虑发生率12.04%。结论 NICU护士工作压力较大,易出现焦虑、抑郁情绪,是倦怠的高发人群,护士应采取各种积极的方式进行减压,管理者也应制定特殊的岗位政策,适当放宽条件来缓解NICU护士的工作压力。     

三级甲等医院不同性别护士心理状态的对比研究△

目的：调查三甲医院不同性别护士的心理状态并进行对比分析,为护理管理者临床干预提供参考。方法：运用方便抽样的方法,抽取无锡市6所三级甲等综合医院的1 221名护士,其中男护士61名,女护士1 160名,采用总体幸福感量表、护士工作压力源量表、心理韧性量表、护士工作满意度量表进行调查。结果：不同性别护士总体幸福感和心理韧性无统计学差异,但男护士职业压力高于女护士（P=0.027）,工作满意度低于女护士（P=0.044）。结论：男护士相对于女护士工作压力较大,自身工作满意度不高。护理管理者应针对男护士工作压力源和影响工作满意度的主要因素采取有效措施,充分调动男护士的工作积极性,提高男护士的工作满意度,维持男性护理队伍的稳定性。     

男科护士焦虑心理调查分析及干预对策

目的调查分析郧阳医学院附属东风医院的男科护士焦虑状态及焦虑特征,为更好地培养男科护士提供干预措施。方法采用焦虑自评量表（Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS）对42名男科护士及44名其他科护士进行测评分析。结果男科SAS总均分（61.47±6.36）显著高于其他科室护士（53.43±4.24）,差异有统计学意义（t=6.86,P〈0.01）。同时已婚比未婚、学历高比学历低、工龄长比工龄短、有岗前培训比无岗前培训的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论应重视男科护士焦虑心理及焦虑状态,建立成熟干预机制,为减轻男科护士的焦虑心理提供了理论依据,对指导男科护理工作有积极意义。     

NICU护士心理健康状况及压力源分析

目的：探讨NICU护士的心理健康状况及压力源。方法：运用SCL-90症状自评量表分别对75名NICU护士和75名普通病房护士进行问卷调查分析。结果：NICU护士心理压力大于普通科护士,在症状自评量表得分中6个因子显著高于普通病房护士,压力源与心理健康水平呈正相关。结论：NICU护士工作压力大,工作环境特殊,应激因素多,心理健康状况差,医院护理管理者应采取有效措施,以减轻NICU护士的心理压力,维护其身心健康,促进NICU护理专业的发展。     

个性化心理辅导对慢性乙型肝炎孕妇心理影响

目的分析个性化心理辅导对妊娠合并慢性乙型肝炎孕妇心理状态的影响。方法选取广西隆安县人民医院收治的妊娠合并慢性乙型肝炎患者88例,采取随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各44例,对照组实施常规护理,观察组在实施常规护理基础上,实施个性化心理辅导,比较两组患者的心理状态。结果两组患者在实施护理后抑郁自评量表(SDS)及焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分均比护理前低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者在实施护理后抑郁自评量表(SDS)及焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分均比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论个性化心理辅导可缓解产妇负面情绪,对妊娠合并慢性乙型肝炎孕妇心理状态有较大的正面影响,对患者的整体治疗有所帮助,有助于树立良好的医院形象。     

精神科与其他科护理人员心理健康状况调查

目的：拟通过此调查了解精神科与科护理人员心理状况和防御特点，分析护理人员的防御特征与心理状况之间的相互关系，寻求措施改变护理人员的负性心理，提高护理人员的心理健康水平。方法：采用症状自评量表（9CL-90）和防御方式问卷（DSQ），对54名护理人员进行调查分析，并与全国常模组比较。结果：在SCL-90中，护理人员各因子分均较全国常模高（P〈0．01），尤以精神科护理人员较为突出；而DSQ各因子分无显著差异。结论：护理人员因其工作对象、工作环境、社会地位等因素造成的心理紧张、工作压力比一般职业更为突出，其心理健康水平明显低于一般人群，护理管理者应加强改善护理人员工作氛围，缓解其工作压力，及早建立护理人员心理档案，有针对性的进行心理辅导和心理减压，以提高护理人员的心理承受能力，减轻心理紧张，积极应对各种压力。     

医疗纠纷对临床医生心理影响及其对策研究

目的 探讨医疗纠纷中医生心理压力的影响因素.方法 应用<焦虑自评量表>(SAS)和<职业压力量表>(OSI),对某市3所三级甲等医院的52名近两年发生过医疗纠纷的临床医生进行调查;同时,随机选取未发生过医疗纠纷的63名临床医生及50名非临床工作人员设为对照组,进行问卷调查.结果 发生过医疗纠纷的临床医生普遍存在焦虑状况,焦虑测评平均分值(58.27±11.38)高于对照组;医患关系、法律责任及医疗岗位,与医生心理压力状况呈正相关.结论 医疗纠纷的发生导致了医生的心理压力加大.应积极对医生进行心理疏导,加强心理训练,改善执业环境.     

Knowledge, attitudes, treatment practices, and health behaviors of nurses regarding blood cholesterol and cardiovascular disease

Knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns concerning cholesterol and heart disease were evaluated in a stratified, random sample of 206 registered nurses at a major academic medical center in New York City. Virtually all nurses were convinced of the importance of diet in reducing heart disease risk, and most (78%) agreed that nutrition counseling should be their responsibility. Although only 19% reported that they were currently counseling, many more felt prepared to counsel about diet or drug therapy (43%). Nurses who were likely to counsel were those working in general medicine, those who were certified nurse practitioners, those who knew their own blood cholesterol level, and those with higher knowledge scores. Level of overall knowledge was associated with the practice of counseling, an attitude that counseling should be a nurse's responsibility, and personal health behavior (knew own level), regardless of age or occupational or degree status. Despite their enthusiasm for heart disease prevention through diet modification, many nurses had substantial knowledge gaps, suggesting that nurses are currently not adequately prepared to counsel about diet and/or drug treatment for high blood cholesterol. Educational strategies and considerations in integrating an expanded role for nurses with those of physicians and dietitians are discussed.     

妇产科护理人员职业暴露现状分析

目的 了解妇产科护士职业暴露及自我防护现状,分析发生原因,探讨防范对策.方法 2014年5至6月采用自行设计问卷,对本市5所医院150名妇产科护士的职业暴露及防护状况进行了调查,调查内容包括基本情况、职业暴露情况及防护情况等.结果 调查结果显示,有职业暴露经历的为91人(62.07%),其中生物性因素来源占41.76%,化学性因素来源占12.09%,物理性因素来源占35.16%,心理社会性因素来源占10.99%.绝大多数护士在工作中都能注重自我防护,其中采取A级防护的占49.66%,B级防护的占44.83%,C级防护的占5.52%.近1年内职业暴露结果用Fisher确切概率法检验显示,职业暴露频率与工作年限、自我防护显著相关(均P<0.01),而与学历程度无相关性(χ2=2.49,P>0.05).结论 妇产科护士面临的职业暴露风险大,职业防护意识较差,应加强对妇产科护理人员职业防护知识培训,落实标准预防措施,以有效降低妇产科护士的职业暴露风险.     

The Views and Attitudes of Nurses on the Topic of Sexual Counseling

This study aims to determine the views and attitudes of nurses on sexual counseling. This qualitative study has been conducted with 103 nurses who work at a university hospital. Data have been gathered with a form developed by the researchers. In order to determine the level of competence, the Visual Analog Scale has been used, which is scored from 1 to 10. The SPSS 10.0 program has been used for data analysis. Data has been analyzed with the Mann–Whitney U and Chi-square tests techniques. Percentile distributions and means were also calculated. Only 17.5% of nurses previously performed sexual counseling and 88.9% of those did so without any request from the patient. Among those nurses, 72.2% perceived themselves as competent in the field and defined their level of proficiency as a mean 6.77 ± 51.79.27.8% were trained in the field of sexual problems and sexual counseling and 22.2% perceived their training in the field as sufficient.74.8% believed that their colleagues and themselves should receive specific training in the field and 63.1% demanded to receive this training. 55.6% reported that they referred patients to another health professional for sexual counseling when necessary. The average level of which nurses perceive themselves competent in providing sexual counseling is moderate and the level of which nurses can actually provide sexual counseling is insufficient. In order to prevent this problem, we recommend preparing training programs for nurses on sexual counseling which contain sufficient information.     

Occupational infectious diseases among Korean health care workers compensated with Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance from 1998 to 2004

Using the database of the Korea Labor Welfare Corporation (KLWC), which is the public organization for workers' compensation in Korea, we analyzed the occupational infectious diseases among the health care workers who were compensated by the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance (IACI). From January 1998 to December 2004, 307 cases of infectious diseases were approved as being cases of occupational diseases. Women accounted for 83% (254 cases) of the compensated cases. The most common age group was 20-29 yr of age (228 cases, 74.3%). The majority of infections were tuberculosis (203 cases, 66.1%), hepatitis (42 cases, 13.7%), chickenpox (11 cases, 3.6%), AIDS (8 cases, 2.6%) and scabies (7 cases, 2.3%). The major types of occupations were nurses, including 18 aid-nurses (223 cases, 72.6%), doctors (37 cases, 12.1%), clinical pathology technicians (18 cases, 5.9%) and workers who were taking care of patients (8 cases, 2.6%). The mean working duration after infection was 3.9 yr and the mean duration of recuperation was 9.7 months. The most common department where the infected workers were working was the inpatient ward (161 cases, 52.4%), followed by the intensive care unit (51 cases, 16.6%). Through this study, we were able to elucidate the characteristics of occupational infectious diseases among Korean health care workers. These results have to be considered when establishing the management policy for prevention of occupational infectious diseases among Korean health care workers. Also, all knowledge from these Korean cases will be helpful to make good practices to promote occupational safety and health in the new era of globalization.     

基层医院抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情一线护士内心真实体验的质性研究

目的了解基层医院抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情一线护士内心真实体验,以便采取针对性的措施满足疫情防控护士的需求,促进疫情防控工作的顺利开展。方法采用描述性现象学研究方法,共采访12名护士,并采用Colaizzi 7步分析法进行资料分析。结果提炼出三大主题,即感控知识及防护知识有待提高、参加疫情防控工作的身心感受、影响身心感受的因素。结论加强对基层医院抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情一线护士感控知识及防护知识的培训,完善应急管理措施,保障疫情一线护士的需求,加强心理疏导。     

实习护生针刺伤防护知识了解程度调查分析

目的探讨实习护生对针刺伤防护知识的了解程度,培养护生的安全防护意识.方法采用自行设计问卷调查表,对2003年7月～2004年4月在本院实习的105名护生进行问卷调查.结果105份问卷中,了解程度良好20份,占19.05%;一般59份,占56.19%;差26份,占24.76%.结论实习护生对针刺伤防护知识了解程度不理想,学校及医院管理者应重视护生的职业安全防护教育,制定具体可行的培训计划及教育对策,避免血源性疾病的传播.     

Nurse and physician patient counseling about tobacco smoking in Jordan

The objective of this study was to identify whether nurses are as likely as physicians to feel prepared to assist patients to quit smoking, to have smoked in front of patients, or to have received training on counseling patients about smoking cessation. The sample consisted of 262 nurses and 251 physicians, ages 18 years and older, from public and private hospitals in Jordan. It was found that nurses were more likely than physicians to receive training on counseling patients about smoking cessation (41% vs. 18%); more likely to currently smoke (30% vs. 19%); and less likely to feel prepared to assist patients to quit smoking (78% vs. 95%). Smoking status and training were associated with counseling patients about smoking. Approximately 19% of nurses and 81% of physicians who currently or formerly smoked had previously smoked in front of patients. Nurses compared with physicians have lower agreement with statements involving smoking-related responsibilities and views on smoking policy, but higher agreement that second-hand smoke is related to selected diseases. Physicians felt more strongly than nurses that they should serve as role models for the public, routinely advise their smoking patients to quit, and speak to lay groups about smoking. In conclusion, a greater level of smoking cessation training among physicians and nurses in Jordan is warranted.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下发热门诊医务人员心理健康状况和知信行调查与防控研究

目的 了解发热门诊医务人员的心理健康状况及工作过程中的薄弱环节,以完善发热门诊流程,帮助发热门诊医务人员做好个人防护,降低院内感染发生的风险.方法 以甘肃省收治确诊新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的定点医院发热门诊医务人员为调查对象,于2020年2月23日-3月21日,采用手机问卷星的方式调查267名发热门诊医务人员,了解其在进入...     

某综合性医院临床护士的心理压力分析及对策

目的了解某综合性医院临床科室护士心理压力情况,为帮助护士缓解工作压力,提高护士对压力的应对能力,改善护士身心状况提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对临床不同科室护士和非临床科室工作人员的心理压力进行问卷调查和分析。结果与非临床科室的工作人员比较,内科护士在躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执和精神病性9个因子差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);外科护理人员在人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执和精神病性6个因子差异有统计学意义(P0.05);精神科护士在人际关系敏感和偏执2个因子差异有统计学意义(P0.05);急诊科护士在躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执和精神病性7个因子差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论心理压力源量表显示,临床护士心理压力,特别是急诊科临床护士的心理健康水平明显低于非临床科室工作人员,要改善工作环境,做好护士培训,管理者应为其创造和谐温馨、团结进取的医疗环境和良好的学习氛围,合理地安排人力资源,合理安排班次,从而缓解临床护理人员的压力。