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1.
Ghasem Zolfaghari Abbas Esmaili-Sari Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri Bahram Hassanzade Kiabi 《Environmental research》2009,109(7):830-1055
In the present study, the first baseline concentration of mercury (Hg) in different species of Iranian birds was investigated. From April to October 2005, the tail feathers of 100 birds belonging to 27 species (14 families) from different places in southwest Iran (Khuzestan to Persian Gulf) were collected. The Hg levels were evaluated in relation to taxonomic affiliation and trophic level (type of food). The results showed that the Hg levels in the feathers were between 0.07 and 4.71 mg/kg dry weight (dw), and there was a significant effect of taxonomic groups in relation to Hg concentration (p<0.001). The highest mercury concentrations were in Laridae and Ciconidae. Alcedinidae had intermediate values, whereas Upupidae, Glareolidae, Scolopacidae, Turdidae, Ardeidae, Anatidae were in subsequent orders; and the lowest concentrations of Hg were in Rallidae, Cuculidae, Pycnonotidae, Corvidae and Columbidae. The results indicated a significant difference between the trophic levels (p<0.001). Fish predators had the highest level of Hg (3.07 mg/kg). Invertebrate predators and herbivorous birds had the lowest concentration of Hg (0.84 and 0.64 mg/kg, respectively), whereas crab and fish predators and omnivorous birds had moderate values (1.73 and 1.70 mg/kg, respectively). In the present study, the concentration of Hg was significantly higher in tail feathers than in primary and secondary (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation among Hg concentration of feather types was observed (r>0.96). The results obtained in this study indicated that among 100 birds tested, 6% of them had Hg concentrations greater than 5 mg/kg in feather (adverse level). 相似文献
2.
M Misztal-Szkudlińska P Szefer P Konieczka J Namieśnik 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2012,89(4):841-844
Total mercury levels in different feather types (down, contour, tail and flight) in Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo L.) were determined using CV-AAS. Feathers from Great Cormorants inhabiting the Vistula Lagoon ecosystem have an average Hg level of 7.14 ± 3.99 (μg/g w.w.). Age-dependent concentrations of Hg were statistically significant (ANOVA Kruskal–Wallis, p < 0.0001). There were also significant differences in Hg levels in different parts of feathers from adults and immature birds (ANOVA Kruskal–Wallis, p < 0.0001). Cormorant chick feathers appear to be a potential biomonitor of Hg pollution in the Vistula Lagoon ecosystem, but this subject requires further research. 相似文献
3.
Dynamics of mercury in feathers and blood of free-living songbirds is poorly understood. Nestling eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis) living along the mercury-contaminated South River (Virginia, USA) had blood mercury levels an order of magnitude lower than their parents (nestling: 0.09 +/- 0.06 mg/kg [mean +/- standard deviation], n = 156; adult: 1.21 +/- 0.57 mg/kg, n = 86). To test whether this low blood mercury was the result of mercury sequestration in rapidly growing feathers, we repeatedly sampled free-living juveniles throughout the period of feather growth and molt. Mean blood mercury concentrations increased to 0.52 +/- 0.36 mg/kg (n = 44) after the completion of feather growth. Some individuals had reached adult blood mercury levels within three months of leaving the nest, but levels dropped to 0.20 +/- 0.09 mg/kg (n = 11) once the autumn molt had begun. Most studies of mercury contamination in juvenile birds have focused on recently hatched young with thousands of rapidly growing feathers. However, the highest risk period for mercury intoxication in young birds may be during the vulnerable period after fledging, when feathers no longer serve as a buffer against dietary mercury. We found that nestling blood mercury levels were not indicative of the extent of contamination because a large portion of the ingested mercury ended up in feathers. The present study demonstrates unequivocally that in songbirds blood mercury level is influenced strongly by the growth and molt of feathers. 相似文献
4.
Del Lama SN Dosualdo Rocha C Figueiredo Jardim W Tsai JS Frederick PC 《Environmental research》2011,111(8):1091-1095
Sedentary organisms that are at top trophic levels allow inference about the level of local mercury contamination. We evaluated mercury contamination in feather tissue of nestling Wood Storks (Mycteria americana), sampled in different parts of the Brazilian Pantanal that were variably polluted by mercury releases from gold mining activities. Levels of mercury in feathers sampled in seven breeding colonies were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy, and the mean value of mercury concentration was 0.557 μg/g, dry weight (n=124), range 0.024–4.423 μg/g. From this total sample, 21 feathers that represent 30% of nestlings collected in Porto da Fazenda and Tucum colonies, in the northern region, ranged from 1.0 to 4.43 μg/g, dry weight (median value=1.87 μg/g). We found significant differences among regions (H=57.342; p=0<0.05). Results suggest that permanently flooded areas, or along mainstream rivers are more contaminated by mercury than dry areas, regardless of the distance from the gold mining center, which is located in the northern Pantanal. Highest values found in nestlings feathers were similar to those found in feathers of adult birds and in tissues of adult mammals that are less sedentary and were captured in the same region of Pantanal. These findings indicate that mercury released has been biomagnified and it is present in high concentrations in tissues of top consumers. We suggest a program to monitor mercury availability in this ecosystem using sedentary life forms of top predators like Wood Storks or other piscivorous birds. 相似文献
5.
Sarah E. Warner W. Gregory Shriver Brian J. Olsen Russell G. Greenberg Robert J. Taylor 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2012,63(4):586-593
We estimated mercury exposure and bioaccumulation in sparrow feathers to determine variation among age groups, between sparrow species, and between feather types. Results of feather mercury studies in piscivorous birds indicate that mercury concentrations tend to increase with age and differ between feather types; however, data for insectivorous birds are lacking. We estimated mercury exposure of two insectivorous and sympatric tidal marsh sparrows: coastal plain swamp sparrow (Melospiza georgiana nigrescens), and seaside sparrow (Ammodramous maritimus). Tidal marshes have favorable conditions for mercury methlyation, thus it is likely that tidal marsh sparrows are exposed to methylmercury. We found no difference in mercury concentrations between males and female birds of both species. Adult swamp sparrow feather mercury concentrations did not differ among adult age groups; therefore, mercury was not found to increase with age in sparrows at the site. Hatch-year birds had significantly greater feather mercury concentrations compared with adult birds for both species. Mercury concentrations in adult seaside sparrows were twice as high as those in adult swamp sparrows suggesting species-specific variation, although concentrations in hatch-year sparrow species did not differ. Mercury concentrations differed between feather types in adults of both species. The first primary feather of both species had at least three times greater mercury concentrations than the outer tail feather possibly reflecting varying depuration rates with feather type. 相似文献
6.
Joanna Burger Michael Gochfeld 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》1992,23(1):105-108
The use of feathers is a non-invasive and repeatable method for biomonitoring trace element levels in birds and their ecosystems. Trace element levels were examined in different parts of growing flight feathers from young common terns (Sterna hirundo) to determine distribution of heavy metals and selenium, potential bias from using partially grown feathers, and whether additional heavy metals and selenium are excreted in feather sheaths that are sloughed before feathers are usually sampled. Lead and mercury levels were significantly higher in the distal fully formed portion of the growing feather (with no residual blood supply) compared to the proximal, growing portion of the feather with a residual blood supply, but no significant differences were evident for cadmium and selenium. These results suggest that using partially grown feathers underestimates the amount of lead and mercury in fully formed feathers and that higher levels of lead and mercury are sequestered in feathers than are present in the blood at any one time. Significantly higher concentrations of lead and cadmium, and significantly lower levels of mercury were in the sheath compared to the whole feather blade. These data suggest that birds excrete more lead and cadmium during molt than previously thought. 相似文献
7.
Organochlorine Pesticide and Polychlorinated Biphenyl in Feathers of Resident and Migratory Birds of South-West Iran 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Behrooz RD Esmaili-Sari A Ghasempouri SM Bahramifar N Hosseini SM 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2009,56(4):803-810
Persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites, hexachlorobenzene
(HCB), α-, β-, and γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers, together with polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners (IUPAC Nos.
28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180) were determined in tail feathers from 35 birds belonging to 15 species, all originating from
the southwest of Iran (Khuzestan, coast of the Persian Gulf) and kept in museum collections. The patterns of organochlorine
contaminants (OCs) in birds varied depending on their migratory behavior. Resident birds contained higher median PCB concentrations
(<LOQ-151 ng/g feather) than HCHs, DDTs, and HCB. Locally migrating birds had higher median concentrations of HCHs (19–83 ng/g
feather). In contrast, long-distance migrants had lower concentrations of HCB and HCHs. A positive correlation was observed
among OCs in these birds, suggesting that trophic level, feeding strategy, and taxonomic group are influencing factors for
the OC concentrations in bird feathers. An estimate of the risk associated suggests that levels of OCPs and PCBs were lower
or close to the threshold reported to affect reproduction in 1990s. 相似文献
8.
Using feathers to assess risk of mercury and selenium to bald eagle reproduction in the Great Lakes region 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
W. W. Bowerman IV E. D. Evans J. P. Giesy S. Postupalsky 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》1994,27(3):294-298
Mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) concentrations were determined in feathers of nestling and adult bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) in the Great Lakes region, 1985–1989. Relationships between concentrations and two measures of reproduction, productivity and nesting success, were examined. Hg and Se were detected in all feathers analyzed. A maximum concentration of 66 mg/kg Hg was found in adult feathers in the upper peninsula of Michigan. The geometric means of Hg in adult feathers for sample areas were: interior lower peninsula of Michigan, 21 mg/kg; interior upper peninsula of Michigan, 21 mg/kg; Lake Superior, 22 mg/kg; Lakes Michigan and Huron, 20 mg/kg; and Lake Erie, 13 mg/kg. The geometric means of Hg in nestling feathers for sample areas were: interior lower peninsula of Michigan, 8.8 mg/kg; interior upper peninsula of Michigan, 8.1 mg/kg; Lake Superior, 8.7 mg/kg; Lakes Michigan and Huron, 8.0 mg/kg; Lake Erie, 3.7 mg/kg; and Voyageurs National Park, 20 mg/kg. Se concentrations were not significantly different across regions or between adult and nestling feathers, and Se concentrations ranged from 0.8 to 3.2 mg/kg.No significant relationships between adult or nestling feather concentrations and either measure of reproduction, productivity or nesting success, was found for either Hg or Se. It was concluded that neither Hg nor Se concentrations are currently affecting bald eagle reproduction in the Great Lakes region. 相似文献
9.
Fateme Rajaei Abbas Esmaili Sari Nader Bahramifar Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2010,84(6):716-719
In this study, the mercury concentrations of liver, breast feathers and tail feathers in three species of Gull; Black-headed
Gull (Larus ridibundus), Common Gull (Larus canus) and Little Gull (Larus minutus) from the South coast of the Caspian Sea in Iran were assayed. Mercury accumulation in liver, breast feathers and tail feathers
of species were 1.69–3.16, 2.88–7.18 and 2.09–5.66 mg/kg, respectively. Mercury concentration hierarchy in tissues we tested
was as follows: breast feather > tail feather > and liver. We found that despite its small size, Little Gull had highest (3.85–8.05 mg/kg)
and Common Gull lowest (1.69–2.88 mg/kg) level of Hg in their bodies. An inverse relationship between body size and Hg levels
in these Gulls was detected. Mercury in Little Gull and Black-headed Gull exceeded the 5 ppm threshold for adverse effect. 相似文献
10.
A historical record of mercury contamination in Southern Florida (USA) as inferred from avian feather tissue 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Frederick PC Hylton B Heath JA Spalding MG 《Environmental toxicology and chemistry / SETAC》2004,23(6):1474-1478
During the late 1980s, the upper trophic-level biota of the Everglades (FL, USA) was recognized as being highly contaminated with mercury (Hg). However, the timing and pattern of that increase is poorly known, and no information is available about mercury contamination in Everglades wildlife prior to 1974. We measured methylmercury concentrations in feathers of white ibises (n = 33), great egrets (n = 7), anhingas (n = 21), and great blue herons (n = 12) from museum specimens collected from 1910 through 1980 and combined them with more recent feather samples collected from live birds (1985-2000, n = 98, 37, 49, and 7, respectively). We found no evidence of contamination of museum samples with inorganic mercuric preservatives (0.01-0.28% of total Hg in feathers). All species showed relatively low concentrations of mercury through the 1970s (<5 microl/L dry wt for anhingas, ibises, and egrets, <10 microl/L for herons). Samples from all species taken during the 1990s showed a large and significant increase (4-5X) in MeHg concentration. This evidence suggests that most of the increase in Hg deposition during the 20th century in south Florida occurred during the last two to three decades, which is consistent with information about local source deposition. Contamination levels prior to the 1970s appear to have been associated with normal reproduction in these birds, suggesting partial evidence for a threshold of reproductive impairment. 相似文献
11.
Ackerman JT Eagles-Smith CA Takekawa JY Bluso JD Adelsbach TL 《Environmental toxicology and chemistry / SETAC》2008,27(4):897-908
We examined mercury concentrations and space use of prebreeding Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) in San Francisco Bay, California, USA, to assess factors influencing mercury levels in piscivorous birds. In 2005 and 2006, we collected blood and feathers from 122 Forster's terns and radio-marked and tracked 72 terns to determine locations of dietary mercury uptake. Capture site and capture date were the most important factors explaining variation in blood mercury concentrations (geometric mean +/- standard error: 1.09+/-0.89 microg/g wet wt), followed by sex and year. Accordingly, radiotelemetry data revealed that Forster's terns generally remained near their site of capture and foraged in nearby salt ponds, managed and tidal marshes, and tidal flats. In contrast, capture site and capture date were not important factors explaining variation in feather mercury concentrations, probably because feathers were grown on their wintering grounds several months prior to our sampling. Instead, sex and year were the most important factors explaining mercury concentrations in breast feathers (9.57+/-8.23 microg/g fresh wt), and sex was the most important factor for head feathers (6.94+/-7.04 microg/g fresh wt). Overall, 13 and 22% of prebreeding Forster's terns were estimated to be at high risk for deleterious effects due to mercury concentrations in blood (>3.0 microg/g wet wt) and feathers (>20.0 microg/g fresh wt), respectively. Breeding terns are likely to be even more at risk because blood mercury concentrations more than tripled during the 45-d prebreeding time period. These data illustrate the importance of space use and tissue type in interpreting mercury concentrations in birds. 相似文献
12.
Mercury exposure and reproduction in fish-eating birds breeding in the Pinchi Lake region, British Columbia, Canada 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Weech SA Scheuhammer AM Elliott JE 《Environmental toxicology and chemistry / SETAC》2006,25(5):1433-1440
To determine whether Hg from geologic/mining-related sources at Pinchi Lake (BC, Canada) was causing elevated Hg exposure and/or adversely affecting reproduction in fish-eating birds, breeding bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) on Pinchi Lake and four nearby reference lakes were sampled for blood and feather Hg concentrations and monitored for reproductive success during the summers of 2000, 2001, and 2002. Eggs of red-necked grebes (Podiceps grisgena) also were collected and analyzed. Mercury levels in species at various trophic levels from Pinchi Lake averaged approximately twice those in the same species from nearby lakes combined, even in the absence of substantial new inputs of Hg to Pinchi Lake over several decades. In Pinchi Lake, Hg concentrations in blood and feathers of eagles and eggs of grebes were significantly higher than those in corresponding samples from reference lakes. However, the mean Hg concentration (0.25 microg/g wet wt) in grebe eggs from Pinchi Lake was substantially lower than accepted threshold levels for reproductive toxicity in most avian species (0.5-1.0 microg/g wet wt). Mercury concentrations in the blood of adult eagles and their chicks were highly correlated (r = 0.91, p = 0.004). Despite elevated Hg exposure in adult eagles nesting on Pinchi Lake (blood Hg concentration, 4.3-9.4 microg/ml), birds appeared to be in good body condition, did not differ significantly in terms of weight from eagles nesting on reference lakes, and exhibited no evidence of obvious abnormal behavior or lack of coordination. Eagle reproductive success and productivity on Pinchi Lake were not significantly different from those on all reference lakes combined (p = 0.483). 相似文献
13.
Marc J. Bechard Dusty N. Perkins Gregory S. Kaltenecker Steve Alsup 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2009,83(5):698-702
Because mercury contamination is potentially threatening to bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) populations, we collected molted feathers at nests to determine the level of contamination in bald eagles in the state of
Idaho, USA. Eagle feathers contained measurable amounts of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), selenium (Se), lead (Pb), as well
as mercury (Hg). Cadmium, Cr, Se, and Pb levels averaged 0.17, 4.68, 2.02, and 1.29 mg/kg dry weight, respectively, and were
at or below concentrations indicated as causing reproductive failure in bald eagles. Mercury contamination was found to be
the highest averaging 18.74 mg/kg dry weight. Although a concentration of only 7.5 mg/kg dry weight Hg in bird feathers can
cause reduced productivity and even sterility, all of the eagles we sampled bred successfully and the population of bald eagles
continues to grow annually throughout the state. 相似文献
14.
Effects of Mercury on Health and First-Year Survival of Free-Ranging Great Egrets (Ardea albus) from Southern Florida 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. S. Sepúlveda G. E. Williams Jr. P. C. Frederick M. G. Spalding 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》1999,37(3):369-376
The objectives of this study were to determine whether elevated mercury (Hg) concentrations have a negative impact on the
health and survival of nestling and juvenile free-ranging great egrets (Ardea albus) from southern Florida. During 1994, when health and survival was monitored in a cohort of young birds with naturally variable
concentrations of Hg, packed cell volume was positively correlated with blood Hg concentrations, and high Hg concentration
in blood was not related to the probability of surviving during the first 10.5 months of life. During 1995, 70 first-hatched
great egret chicks were included in a Hg field-dosing experiment to compare the effects of elevated Hg on health and survival.
Birds were dosed while in the nest orally every 2.5 days for 15 days with 0.5 mg of methyl mercury chloride (MeHgCl) for an
estimated intake of 1.54 mg MeHgCl/kg food intake. These birds were compared with controls, which received an estimated 0.41
mg MeHgCl/kg food. No differences were observed in health parameters or in the probability of surviving during the first 8
months of age between egrets that were dosed with Hg and those that were not. A likely explanation for the lack of any effects
on health and survival between both groups could be that chicks at this age were eliminating most of the dietary Hg through
the production of new feathers.
Received: 10 November 1998/Accepted: 8 April 1999 相似文献
15.
Magali Lucia Jean-Marc André Karine Gontier Nicolas Diot Jesus Veiga Stéphane Davail 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2010,58(3):844-853
Trace elements (mercury [Hg], cadmium [Cd], copper [Cu], zinc [Zn], lead [Pb], aluminium [Al], nickel [Ni], arsenic [As],
and selenium [Se]) were investigated using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry in liver, kidney, muscle, and feather
of aquatic birds wintering or inhabiting the wetlands situated on the Southwest Atlantic coast of France. A majority of greylag
geese, red knots, and grey plovers were collected from among hunter-shot animals. The relation between residue concentrations,
age (juvenile vs. adult), and sex was investigated. Trace elements were lower than threshold levels of toxicity, except for
Pb. Greylag geese sampled could be considered Pb-poisoned. These consequential levels of contamination could be the result
of the ingestion of Pb-shot from ammunition used in hunting areas they crossed during migration. Cd accumulation increased
with age, whereas Pb levels in feathers were lower in adult birds in connection with moulting. As was influenced by sex. Female
birds displayed higher concentrations in liver and feathers than did male birds. 相似文献
16.
Using ptilochronology to determine daily mercury deposition in feathers of nestling waterbirds 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Feathers are commonly used biomarkers of mercury (Hg) contamination in waterbird species. Most studies that analyze waterbird feathers for Hg content report concentrations on a per-unit mass basis. While this is appropriate for intraspecific comparisons, we suggest a more effective method for studies comparing multiple species of similar size and with similar foraging habits. Ptilochronology is a technique for determining the rate of feather growth in individuals based on their nutritional condition. When paired with Hg analysis, feather growth rates can be used to calculate the average daily Hg deposition into a feather. In this study we used this technique in comparison with the commonly used metric of Hg per-unit feather mass in two waterbird species. Average daily Hg deposition into feathers was 26.7% more sensitive to differences in Hg between the two species, suggesting that this may be a more biologically meaningful metric to use in interspecific comparisons. 相似文献
17.
J.-L. DesGranges J. Rodrigue B. Tardif M. Laperle 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》1998,35(2):330-341
Mercury exposure was examined in adults and nestlings of ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) from lakes, rivers, and hydroelectric reservoirs in northern Québec between 1989 and 1991 by assessing the amount of mercury
transferred from fish to ospreys, which are voracious fish-eaters. The high mercury concentrations detected in adult feathers
and tissues (feathers, blood, liver, kidneys, muscles, brain) of nestlings indicate an increase in mercury availability at
recently constructed hydroelectric reservoirs (10–12 years for the La Grande-2 Reservoir). With mean total mercury levels
of 37.3 mg/kg and 1.9 mg/kg in feathers (dry weight) and in blood (wet weight), respectively, contamination rates were, in
both tissues, five times higher for chicks born near the La Grande Reservoirs (western sector) than in those reared in natural
habitats. Furthermore, the mean quantity of total mercury in 40-day-old chicks reared near a reservoir was 10.5 mg, compared
with to 1.6 mg for those reared in a natural environment.
Modeling of mercury transfer from fish to osprey nestlings showed that the mercury level in chicks' blood provides a good
estimate of mercury concentrations in ingested food. In addition, the relationship between mercury concentrations in the blood
and that in feathers indicates that substantial biomagnification of mercury occurs from the ingested dose to the feathers.
The intensity of this biomagnification varies with the age of the chicks and reaches a maximum value as the flight feathers
start to form (at 20–25 days of age) declining thereafter until the bird is 45 days old and growth of those feathers is complete.
Nevertheless, the mean number of young fledged on reservoirs where mercury exposure is greatest (>40 mg/kg of Hg in chicks'
feathers) did not differ (1.6 ± 0.7) from that observed elsewhere in built-up environments (1.9 ± 0.7) or in natural habitats
(2.0 ± 0.7) (H = 4.39; p = 0.11). Storage of mercury in growing feathers (86% of all mercury in osprey) prevents accumulation
in living tissues, thereby protecting the chick from related toxic effects. However, toxicological problems may arise after
fledging. In particular, attention should be paid to postfledging survival before concluding that mercury exposure is insufficiently
high in Osprey young reared at reservoirs.
Received: 18 April 1997/Accepted: 3 January 1998 相似文献
18.
Bryan AL Brant HA Jagoe CH Romanek CS Brisbin IL 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2012,63(1):144-152
Mercury (Hg) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that is transferred trophically through aquatic and terrestrial food webs. To better understand the routes of Hg uptake in organisms that rely on both aquatic and terrestrial food resources, we analyzed feather and down samples from nestling wading birds of varying trophic positions in both inland and coastal colonies. We used stable nitrogen and carbon isotope analyses to evaluate trophic positions of individual species (δ(15)N) and differences in foraging habitat use (δ(13)C). Inland, aquatic species had higher trophic status than the single terrestrial species examined, and the expected positive relationship between δ(15)N and Hg content of feathers was observed. However, the same was not true for all species from coastal colonies. Feathers from species that primarily consumed saltwater prey were relatively high in δ(15)N value and low in Hg content, which is opposite of the trend expected due to Hg biomagnification in food chains. In contrast, coastal species foraging in freshwater or a combination of freshwater and saltwater habitats displayed greater Hg contents in feathers. The apparent differential use of the two aquatic systems (freshwater and saltwater) in coastal environments by wading bird species results in variations in δ(15)N values and Hg contents in nestling feathers not found in species associated with only freshwater systems. 相似文献
19.
Claudio Leonzio Nicola Bianchi Marco Gustin Alberto Sorace Stefania Ancora 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2009,83(5):693-697
In the present study excreta and feathers of five species of adult passerine birds from Montepulciano wetland (Siena, Italy)
were assayed for trace elements between January and August 2006. Lead concentrations varied from 16.31 to 26.50 mg/kg and
were found strictly related to the age of feathers. Copper levels were found to be high mainly in insectivorous birds (9.68 mg/kg)
and were probably influenced by local use of copper-based agricultural fungicides. Mercury accumulation in feathers varied
between species from 0.08 to 0.73 mg/kg. The role of feeding habits on trace elements levels in feathers and excreta is discussed. 相似文献
20.
V. Padula J. Burger S. H. Newman S. Elbin C. Jeitner 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2010,59(1):157-165
In heavily urbanized landscapes such as the New York Harbor Estuary, the local environment is subject to a variety of contamination
sources. Environmental contaminants such as heavy metals and metalloids pose a risk to wildlife inhabiting the harbor. Metal
concentrations in feathers indicate exposure and provide insight into the potential adverse effects on birds. In 2004 and
2005 down feathers were collected from 147 black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) chicks living on four island colonies in the New York Harbor Estuary, USA: Goose Island, Hoffman Island, North Brother Island,
and Canarsie Pol. We examined geographical and interannual differences in concentrations of the metalloid arsenic (As) and
the heavy metals cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg). Significant differences in metal concentrations
were a function of location, with North Brother Island having the highest As concentrations and Goose Island having the highest
Cr and Pb concentrations in feathers collected in 2004. In 2005, feather samples indicated Hoffman Island had the highest
Cr concentrations and North Brother Island had the highest Pb and Hg concentrations. Concentrations of As, Cd, and Hg decreased
significantly from 2004 to 2005 on North Brother Island, Hg on Hoffman Island decreased from 2004 to 2005, while Cr on Hoffman
Island increased from 2004 to 2005. Cd and Pb concentrations were higher and As and Cr concentrations were generally lower
than concentrations reported in previous studies. Further investigation is necessary on the declining population of herons
in the New York Harbor Estuary to determine specifically if birds are experiencing adverse effects from metal contaminants,
or if organic contaminants, such as organic Hg or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are playing a role in this population’s
decline. 相似文献