完全性胰液外引流预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的机理分析

目的探讨完全性胰液外引流预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的机理。方法35例胰十二指肠切除术,在Child术式基础上附加完全性胰液外引流,再分别对胃管、腹腔引流管、胰液引流管内的引流液进行淀粉酶定量测定分析。结果各引流管引流液淀粉酶平均测定结果为：胃管引流液412．3（254～626）U／L,腹腔引流液23．5（15—46）U／L,胰液引流管为128196．1（16474—295640）U／L。全组无胰瘘发生,无围手术期死亡病例。结论完全性胰液外引流可以使胰肠吻合口处于相对“无胰酶”状态,对预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生起着关键作用。     

经T管引流胰液预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘

目的 探讨经T 管胰液引流预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的疗效.方法 回顾性分析1996 年1 月至2007 年12 月42 例行胰十二指肠切除后在Child 术式基础上经T 管胰液引流的病例资料.结果 本组术后无胰瘘发生,3 周左右拔除胰管引流管.发生并发症l3 例,包括肺部感染6 例、右胸腔积液3 例、切口裂开2 例,胃排空延迟2 例,腹腔脓肿l 例,局限性腹膜炎2 例,予以相应处理后治愈.无死亡病例.结论 经T 管胰液外引流可避免胰肠吻合口处胰液的积聚,避免胰酶对吻合口的腐蚀,对预防术后胰瘘的发生起重要作用.     

完全性胰液外引流预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的体会

自１９８６年以来，我们以Ｃｈｉｌｄ术式为基础，附加胰管内插管完全胰液外引流术，连续行１８例胰十二指肠切除术，术中特别注意对残胰的处理及胰管引流管的放置、固定。术后无胰瘘发生，死亡１例。认为完全胰液外引流术能有效地预防术后胰瘘。     

胆汁胰液双重外引流预防胰十二指肠切除胆胰瘘

目的总结胰十二指肠切除术采用胆汁、胰液双重外引流, 预防胆瘘、胰瘘的方法.方法 16例胰十二指肠切除术均采用Child方式重建消化道, 仔细暴露主胰管并向胰头剥离5 mm后横断.向管腔内插入相匹配的塑料管或细导尿管并用肠线荷包缝扎固定.胰液引流管在胰肠吻合口下15 cm桥袢上引出并用肠壁间断缝合包埋5 cm后引出体外.10 d后拔管, 肝总管另戳口置T管, 术后15 d拔管.结果 16例中无1例发生胆瘘或/ 和胰瘘.仅1例发生消化道出血,经非手术治疗痊愈.结论胰十二指肠切除采用胆汁、胰液双重外引流预防胆瘘、胰瘘效果明显, 适宜在基层医院推广使用.     

胆胰液分流预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的价值

目的：探讨胆胰液分流预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的价值。方法；对91例胰十二指肠切除术患胰、胆、胃消化直重建时分别采用改良Roux-en—Y吻合术、总胆管放置T型引流管和胰管内放置引流管3种胆胰液分流术治疗，同时用未行胆胰液分流术45例作对照。结果：胰十二指肠切除术后行胆胰液分流术91例的胰瘘发生率为2．2％(2／91)，未行胆胰液分流术45例的胰瘘发生率为15．5％(7／45)（P＝0.00065)。应用改Roux－en—Y吻合术6例，胰管内放置引流管26例，无1例出现胰瘘；总胆管放置T型引流管59例，2例出现胰瘘。结论：胆胰液分流是预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘发生的重要环节。     

胰液外引流预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰漏（瘘）

目的：预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰漏（瘘）的发生，方法：对２１例采用Ｃｈｉｌｄ术式的病例作胆肠吻合口及胰肠吻合口的留置Ｔ管作胰，胆液的内，外引流，结果：２１例术后均隶发生胰漏（瘘）和胆漏（瘘）平均术后１６天拔管，结论：自行设计的胰管Ｔ管具有集胰管内，外引流管一体的功能，确能起到合理引流胰液以预防胰漏（瘘）的作用，方法简便易行，且效果满意。     

不同胰管引流方式对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的影响

目的:探讨不同胰管引流方式对胰十二指肠切除术(PD)术后胰瘘发生的影响。方法:回顾性分析第四军医大学附属第一医院西京医院2007年1月至2018年12月所有行PD的患者资料。共入组670例患者,其中男性415例,女性255例,年龄(58.4±7.3)岁,年龄范围24~82岁。按胰管引流方式的不同,进行倾向性评分匹配,分...     

袖套式胰肠吻合并胰液外引流在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

胰十二指肠切除术是腹部手术中技术最复杂、并发症最多的手术之一。本文介绍袖套式胰肠吻合并胰液外引流技术并讨论其在减少胰十二指肠切除术后并发症方面的应用价值。1.临床资料 :收集本院自 1995年 1月至 2 0 0 1年6月完成的胰十二指肠切除病例 4 2例 ,其中男 31例 ,女 11例 ,平均年龄为 62 .5岁 (4 5 78岁 )。按有无采用胰管内支撑外引流技术分为两组 :有支撑组为Ａ组 30例 ,无支撑组为Ｂ组 12例。2 .手术方法 :Ｂ组采用传统胰十二指肠切除术 ,消化道重建的顺序为Ｃｈｉｌｄ法 ,胰肠吻合时胰管无内支撑外引流。Ａ组除常规操作与Ｂ组相同…     

胰液外引流在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

近年来,随着技术的改进和营养支持水平的提高,胰十二指肠切除术(pancreatoduodenectomy,PD)的并发症发生率和手术死亡率已经有了明显的下降.我们1998年1月-2002年12月共收治壶腹周围肿瘤病人34例,其中行根治术(PD)14例,肿瘤无法切除而仅行胆肠吻合或T管引流术14例,肿瘤局部切除6例.现报告对胰瘘所采取的几种预防措施和结果.     

胆胰双支撑引流对预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的作用

目的探讨应用胆胰双支撑引流在胰十二指肠切除术后预防胰瘘的价值。方法胰十二指肠切除术31例,采用Child方式重建消化道,胰管内置入硅胶管引入肠腔,于胆肠吻合口上方的肝总管另行戳孔置入T管引流入空肠。结果31例中发生并发症5例(16.1%),其中胰瘘1例(3.2%),无死亡病例。结论在胰十二指肠切除术中应用双支撑引流,有利于降低术后胰瘘发生率,值得推广应用。     

胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的相关因素分析及防治策略

虽然胰十二指肠切除术技术不断改进,但胰瘘仍然是术后难以避免的最严重的并发症,本文针对胰瘘的定义、影响胰瘘的相关因素及胰瘘防治措施的研究进展作进一步的综述。     

External Versus Internal Pancreatic Duct Drainage for the Early Efficacy After Pancreaticoduodenectomy: A Retrospectively Comparative Study

Purpose: To compare the early efficacy of external versus internal pancreatic duct drainage after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), providing clinical evidence for selecting the optimal approach to pancreatic duct drainage. Material and Methods: The clinical data of 395 consecutive patients undergoing PD from 2006 to 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients were divided into external and internal drainage group. Intraoperative blood loss, surgery duration, postoperative hospitalization duration, mortality rate, PF, and other complications were compared between the two groups. The perioperative relative risk factors that might induce PF were analyzed. Results: External drainage significantly reduced the incidences of post-PD PF, delayed gastric emptying, abdominal infection, bowel obstruction, overall complications, and shortened the healing time of PF (p < .05). The univariate analysis showed that the pancreatic duct drainage method, body mass index (BMI), preoperative serum bilirubin level, perioperative blood transfusion, pancreaticojejunostomy approach, pancreatic texture, pancreatic duct diameter, and primary disease differed markedly between the two groups (p < .05). A multivariate analysis revealed that BMI ≥ 25 kg/m², internal pancreatic duct drainage, pancreatic duct diameter <3 mm, soft pancreatic texture, and ampullary disease were independent risk factors for PF. Conclusions: External pancreatic duct drainage can effectively reduce the morbidity of PF and overall complications after PD.     

胰管空肠内固定支架粘膜吻合术预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰漏

目的探讨胰管空肠内固定支架粘膜吻合术对预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰空肠吻合口漏的效果。方法壶腹周围癌患者23例，胰十二指肠切除后行胰管空肠吻合时于胰管内放置内固定支架并引流至空肠肠腔内。结果23例均行胰管空肠内固定支架粘膜吻合术成功，术后无一例发生胰漏，均治愈出院。结论胰管空肠内固定支架粘膜吻合术可预防胰漏发生，方法简单有效，值得推广。     

Pylorus-preserving Pancreaticoduodenectomy with External Pancreatic Remnant Drainage

Background : Pancreaticoduodenectomy is the mainstay of surgical treatment for various benign and malignant diseases of the head of the pancreas and the periampullar region. The incidence of postoperative morbidity remains significantly high. Various modifications have been advocated for the restoration of the digestive continuity and drainage of bile and pancreatic ducts in order to diminish this high morbidity rate.

Methods : A new modification with the combination of an end-to-end duodenojejunal anastomosis and creation of an external pancreatic fistula following pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy is described. Our initial experience with this modification in seven patients is reported and its advantages are discussed.

Results : There was no mortality, while morbidity was 29%, including postoperative pneumonia and psychosis in one patient, and intra-abdominal abscess in another patient. No significantly delayed gastric emptying was observed and no patient developed diabetes, anastomotic ulcer or reflux cholangitis postoperatively.

Conclusions : The reported technique seems to be a safe modification of restoration after pancreaticoduodenectomy, with maintenance of anatomical gastrointestinal continuity, avoidance of complications from anastomosis with the pancreatic remnant, as well as maintenance of endocrine pancreatic function. However, long-term follow-up and larger comparative studies are needed to evaluate the impact of this modification on morbidity and mortality, including longterm nutritional complications.     

胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的防治体会

目的分析胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的防治措施,以减少胰十二指肠切除术后并发症发生率。方法2001年1月至2005年12月对106例患者行胰十二指肠切除术,其中常规胰十二指肠切除术87例,保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术4例,扩大胰十二指肠切除术15例。结果术后共出现胰瘘11例(10.4%),胰腺空肠端端套入式吻合、胰腺空肠端侧套入式吻合、胰管空肠黏膜吻合三种吻合方式胰瘘发生率分别为9.6%、12.9%和8.7%。术后平均胰瘘持续时间为(14.7±4.5)d。所有胰瘘患者均应用生长抑素类药物抑制胰腺外分泌治疗。结论防治胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的关键是改善胰肠吻合口的质量和保持引流通畅。术后应用生长抑素类药物有助于胰瘘的愈合。     

胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的预防

目的 总结胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的预防经验.方法 回顾性分析1992年1月至2010年11月97例行胰十二指肠切除术的病例资料.结果 本组术后无胰瘘发生,术后肺部感染9例,腹部伤口感染6例(其中伤口裂开2例,右胸腔积液2例,胰腺残端出血、腹腔脓肿形成、胃排空延迟各1例),术后因高渗性昏迷死亡1例.结论 完全性胰液外引流...     

Roux-en-Y Drainage of the Pancreatic Stump Decreases Pancreatic Fistula After Distal Pancreatic Resection

Clinically relevant fistula after distal pancreatic resection occurs in 5–30% of patients, prolonging recovery and considerably increasing in-hospital stay and costs. We tested whether routine drainage of the pancreatic stump into a Roux-en-Y limb after distal pancreatic resection decreased the incidence of fistula. From October 2001, data of all patients undergoing pancreatic distal resection were entered in a prospective database. From June 2003 after resection, the main pancreatic duct and the pancreatic stump were oversewn, and in addition, anastomosed into a jejunal Roux-en-Y limb by a single-layer suture (n = 23). A drain was placed near the anastomosis, and all patients received octreotide for 5–7 days postoperatively. The volume of the drained fluid was registered daily, and concentration of amylase was measured and recorded every other day. Patient demographics, hospital stay, pancreatic fistula incidence (≥30 ml amylase-rich fluid/day on/after postoperative day 10), perioperative morbidity, and follow-up after discharge were compared with our initial series of patients (treated October 2001–May 2003) who underwent oversewing only (n = 20). Indications, patient demographics, blood loss, and tolerance of an oral diet were similar. There were four (20%) pancreatic fistulas in the “oversewn” group and none in the anastomosis group (p < 0.05). Nonsurgical morbidity, in-hospital stay, and follow-up were comparable in both groups. Wagner and Gloor both contributed equally in this work.     

胰漏危险度评分系统用于预测胰十二指肠切除术后胰漏低风险患者的价值

目的探讨胰漏危险度评分系统(Fistula Risk Score,FRS)预测胰十二指肠切除术后临床相关胰漏(clinically relevant pancreatic fistula,CRPF)低风险患者的价值。方法回顾性分析2015年1月~2017年6月我科90例胰十二指肠切除术的临床资料,使用剂量-反应关系及诊断效能四格表法分析FRS在预测胰十二指肠切除术后CRPF低风险患者中的价值。结果共19例发生CRPF,其中B、C级胰漏分别为17、2例;发生时间:2例术后第8天发生,2例术后第10天发生,5例术后第14天发生,2例术后第16天发生,8例术后第21天发生。对90例进行FRS评分与CRPF发生的剂量-反应关系分析显示,FRS<4分的25例均无CRPF发生,敏感性100.0%(19/19),阴性预测值100.0%(25/25)。结论FRS对于发生CRPF风险低的患者预测价值较好,对于FRS<4分的患者可尝试采取更为积极的快速康复方案。