培养的自体角朊细胞膜片与异体真皮重组复合皮移植的实验研究

目的探讨用自体培养的角朊细胞膜片(CKS)及异体真皮重组复合皮移植后的成活机理和组织学变化。方法以30只 SD 大鼠为实验动物,分为自体 CKS 组硬异体复合皮组。术后90天内定期检查并取活检标本作组织学检测,观察移植物存活情况,伤口愈合,表皮-真皮连接区的重建和异体真皮的归宿等。结果自体角朊细胞膜片成活尚好,但其质地及组织学结构欠佳,且太薄易磨损和破溃;胶原纤维增生并排列错乱,创面明显收缩。异体复合皮组不仅移植物成活好,且质地、组织结构、创面收缩及抗磨损等方面均优于 CKS 组,移植后90天仍能看到异体真皮成分,未见明显的免疫排斥反应。结论体外培养的自体角朊细胞膜片不适用于全层皮肤缺损的创面,而异体真皮复合皮有潜在的发展前景。     

培养的自体角朊细胞膜片与异体真皮重组复合皮移植的实验研究

目的探讨用自体培养的角朊细胞膜片（ＣＫＳ）及异体真皮重组复合皮移植后的成活机理和组织学变化。方法以３０只ＳＤ大鼠为实验动物,分为自体ＣＫＳ组及异体复合皮组。术后９０天内定期检查并取活检标本作组织学检测,观察移植物存活情况,伤口愈合,表皮真皮连接区的重建和异体真皮的归宿等。结果自体角朊细胞膜片成活尚好,但其质地及组织学结构欠佳,且太薄易磨损和破溃;胶原纤维增生并排列错乱,创面明显收缩。异体复合皮组不仅移植物成活好,且质地、组织结构、创面收缩及抗磨损等方面均优于ＣＫＳ组,移植后９０天仍能看到异体真皮成分,未见明显的免疫排斥反应。结论体外培养的自体角朊细胞膜片不适用于全层皮肤缺损的创面,而异体真皮复合皮有潜在的发展前景。     

异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植的临床应用

目的:探讨异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植修复大面积深度烧伤及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损创面及其愈合后皮肤的外形和功能。方法:应用异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮片组成复合皮移植,以自体刃厚皮片移植作为对照,采用一步移植法治疗切痂后大面积深度烧伤创面及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损共56例患者60处创面,观察术后皮片的成活情况、外形及功能恢复情况并随访。结果:60处创面全部愈合,移植皮片生长良好,瘢痕增生不明显,未见明显挛缩,皮肤弹性较好。在6～12个月的观察期内,自体刃厚皮片与异体脱细胞真皮基质复合移植后,功能和形态优于单纯自体刃厚皮片移植;随访2年复合移植未发现明显的排异反应。结论:异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植修复大面积深度烧伤及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损创面愈合良好,无瘢痕增生,皮肤外观功能满意,无排异反应。     

异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植的临床应用

目的:探讨异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植修复大面积深度烧伤及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损创面及其愈合后皮肤的外形和功能。方法:应用异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮片组成复合皮移植,以自体刃厚皮片移植作为对照,采用一步移植法治疗切痂后大面积深度烧伤创面及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损共56例患者60处创面,观察术后皮片的成活情况、外形及功能恢复情况并随访。结果:60处创面全部愈合,移植皮片生长良好,瘢痕增生不明显,未见明显挛缩,皮肤弹性较好。在6～12个月的观察期内,自体刃厚皮片与异体脱细胞真皮基质复合移植后,功能和形态优于单纯自体刃厚皮片移植;随访2年复合移植未发现明显的排异反应。结论:异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植修复大面积深度烧伤及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损创面愈合良好,无瘢痕增生,皮肤外观功能满意,无排异反应。     

猪角脘-真皮模型观察透明质酸膜运载系统对培养的角脘细胞移植成活率的影响

少量表皮细胞经培养扩展为表皮细胞膜片,供临床移植需要。该过程需数周时间,且在将细胞膜片从培养器皿消化下来的过程中,损失了由表皮细胞产生的基底膜蛋白,移植时细胞膜片易碎,致培养的自体表皮细胞膜片在全层皮肤缺损创面上移植成活率不高。预植异体真皮,在异体真皮上移植自体表皮细胞膜片,可在一定程度上提高移植成活率。培养细胞膜片     

一种有效抑制复合皮挛缩、抗爬行替代的方法

一种有效抑制复合皮挛缩、抗爬行替代的方法崔正军陈璧施新猷汤朝武喻瑶复合皮是指培养的自体角朊细胞与异体（种）真皮或人工真皮组成的复合物。术后常因创面收缩而无法长期观察；或因创周正常皮肤爬行替代而无法确定创面皮肤的来源。为此我们制做了环状空心Ｘ线片缝合于...     

脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮片复合移植的临床及组织学观察

目的 观察异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮片复合移植修复创面的中、长期临床效果,并做组织学观察.方法 选取23例接受异体脱细胞真皮基质加自体刃厚皮片复合移植的患者,于术后3、6、12、18个月进行临床随访,并作组织学观察.结果 移植后3、6、12、18个月,复合皮表面平滑,无明显瘢痕增生及色素沉着现象,柔软有弹性,关节部位活动自如.组织学观察接近正常皮肤形态.结论 异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮片复合移植后愈合创面表面光滑,平整柔软,无明显挛缩,关节活动自如,未见明显排汗现象,可作为修复创面的良好选择.     

无细胞真皮基质上培养自体角朊细胞治疗全层皮肤缺损创面

此研究旨在通过异体无细胞真皮基质上培养自体角朊细胞复合移植于全层皮肤缺损创面,以改善创面愈合后的外观和功能。 资料与方法实验选用健康的男性志愿者4例,年龄33～56岁。局麻下于上臂取1cm×1cm的全层皮片2块,皮片用0.25％Dispase处理12小时后,分离表皮和真皮,取真皮孵育在TritonX-100中12小时,每     

脱细胞异体真皮在烧伤后期瘢痕畸形整复中的应用

目的：评价脱细胞异体真皮在烧伤后期瘢痕畸形整复中的应用价值。方法：对32例烧伤后期瘢痕畸形病人整复后继发创面进行脱细胞异体真皮与自体刃厚皮片复合移植。结果：32例病人复合移植皮片全部成活，成活率为100％。成活的复合移植皮片具有外观平整，颜色与邻近正常皮肤相近似，无明显收缩，触之柔软，耐磨，弹性好等特点。结论：脱细胞异体真皮是烧伤后期瘢痕畸形整复中比较理想的材料。     

复合皮移植后皮片生长和收缩情况的监测

目的观察不同复合皮移植后皮片的生长和收缩情况。方法对异体乳猪真皮 自体表皮(组1),异体小猪其皮 自体表皮(组2)和自体表皮(组3)共3个组移植的皮片,结合皮片完整性和猪妊娠过程等因素,经2年多动态监测移随皮片面积。结果移植后2～124周复合皮表面光滑无瘢痕;36周后3组皮片面积均有不同程度生长扩大,依次为组1>组2>组3(P<0.01);在复合皮组,24周后整张皮片明显优于拼接皮(P<0.001);猪妊娠过程显示,复合皮组有较好的组织增生能力和弹性回缩力(P<0.01);组织学观察组1乳头和皮钉等组织结构成熟早,24周时已接近正常皮肤。结论经酶处理的冷冻异体乳猪真皮复合移植后具有良好的组织弹性、耐磨性和细胞生长能力,是理想的真皮替代物;实验动物妊娠可客观地用于复合皮质量的检测。     

烧伤早期切痂脱细胞异体真皮基质与自体皮浆复合移植的临床应用

目的探讨脱细胞异体真皮基质与自体皮浆复合移植的可行性。方法在8例患者Ⅲ。烧伤创面早期切痂,13个部位采用18块脱细胞真皮基质移植固定,在异体皮的真皮面上均匀涂布备好的皮浆,覆盖于脱细胞真皮基质上,缝合包扎固定。同一肢体其余创面常规用自体皮浆加异体皮移植做对照观察,皮浆与创面比例为1：5～1：8。结果18块脱细胞异体真皮基质复合移植皮肤成活率94％,随访3～13个月皮肤弹性及色泽好、瘢痕轻、耐磨,愈合质量优于对照部位创面。术后3个月组织切片表皮真皮连接紧密,可见钉突样结构,胶原纤维排列较规整;单纯皮浆移植皮肤为瘢痕皮肤结构。结论应用脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮浆复合移植,明显优于单纯的皮浆移植,具有较好的临床应用前景。     

自体微粒皮与异体真皮基质复合移植的实验研究

目的　观察自体微粒皮与异体真皮基质复合移植后创面的修复情况。　方法　于 6只小白猪背部制作 4 6个皮肤全层缺损创面 ,同时制作网状脱细胞异体真皮基质和自体微粒皮。创面分为实验组和对照组 ,每组 2 3个 ,分别进行自体微粒皮 异体真皮基质 (两者比例为 1∶4 ) 异体断层猪皮、自体刃厚皮 异体真皮基质的移植。　结果　实验组和对照组的移植成活率及创面收缩率差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。两组移植术后组织学观察无明显差别 ,术后 8～ 2 0周胶原纤维结构完整、清晰、排列规则、粗细均匀 ,可见正常的血管组织 ,炎症反应逐渐减轻 ,表 真皮间结合良好 ,钉突横跨基底膜并完好地固定于异体真皮上。移植术后 5个月皮肤均较平滑、有弹性、功能好。　结论　自体微粒皮与脱细胞异体真皮基质复合移植后皮片成活率较高 ,为大面积深度烧伤创面修复中较理想的覆盖材料。     

复合皮混合移植治疗深Ⅱ度烧伤患者创面疗效观察

目的观察深Ⅱ度烧伤患者创面削痂术后应用复合皮混合移植治疗的效果。方法对23例烧伤患者的30个深Ⅱ度烧伤肢体在伤后3d内分次行削痂术,削至浅筋膜后移植大张异体脱细胞真皮基质,然后切取大张自体刃厚皮(0.10～0.25mm)覆盖于其上。术后10—12d计算移植皮片的存活率,记录创面愈合时间。观察随访3—6个月时患者的肢体外观及功能恢复情况。取1例患者随访3个月时的愈合创面皮肤标本,行病理学观察。结果本组患者复合皮片成活率为93%,7%的皮片因术中固定较差,移植后自体刃厚皮与异体脱细胞真皮基质分离致皮片坏死,或因感染致皮片溶解。随访3—6个月,移植部位皮肤外观、弹性及功能恢复良好。病理学观察显示,成活皮片表皮、真皮结构正常。结论烧伤后早期削痂立即移植复合皮是治疗深Ⅱ度创面的有效方法。     

脱细胞真皮移植部位血管细胞黏附分子1的表达

目的探讨血管细胞黏附分子1（vascular cell adhesion molecule 1,VCAM-1）在脱细胞真皮移植部位的表达变化和意义。方法取近交系小型香猪15只建立猪实验模型,分别于每只猪脊背两侧制作6cm×6cm各3处6个创面。随机分为三组,每组5只。A组为对照组,猪刃厚自体皮移植;B组异体脱细胞真皮与猪刃厚自体皮复合移植;C组J-1型（人）脱细胞真皮与猪刃厚皮复合移植。分别于移植术后3、9、21及30d观察移植皮片成活情况和面积,于移植后3、6、9、12、21及30d各时间点取移植组织标本,流式细胞仪检测VCAM-1的表达变化。结果移植术后3d各组移植皮片基底分离;9dA组皮片转红润基底粘连较紧密,揭开皮片可见渗血,B、C组皮片颜色次之,基底粘连不紧密;21d,A、B、C组移植皮片成活面积分别为94%±12%、92%±9%和91%±11%;术后30d各组移植皮片均愈合良好。各组VCAM-1表达,移植术后3d无明显差别;6dA组表达明显高于B、C组有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;9、12dB、C组明显高于A组有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;30d,各组VCAM-1表达均低于3d有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论同种和异种真皮基质移植部位VCAM-1表达高峰迟滞于自体皮移植;提示VCAM-1表达可能与脱细胞真皮活化、血管再生有关。同种和异种真皮移植物VCAM-1表达无差别。     

血小板源性生长因子基因修饰的人工复合皮移植大鼠创面效果观察

目的观察血小板源性生长因子B(PDGFB)基因修饰的人工复合皮移植大鼠创面后的效果。方法构建PDGFB真核表达质粒,在脂质体介导下转染大鼠成纤维细胞。分别构建复合皮1(角质形成细胞 猪脱细胞真皮基质 PDGFB基因转染的成纤维细胞)和复合皮2(角质形成细胞 猪脱细胞真皮基质 未转染的成纤维细胞),移植于大鼠背部全层皮肤缺损创面,相应设为转染组、未转染组(各18只)。以不作皮肤移植的8只大鼠全层皮肤缺损创面为对照组。术后2周观察大鼠创面移植皮片存活情况。术后2、4、6周观察大鼠创面大体情况,计算创面收缩率,并取创面组织标本进行组织学观察。结果(1)术后2周,转染组大鼠中皮片完全存活者14只、部分存活者3只、未存活者1只;未转染组大鼠中皮片完全存活者10只、部分存活者4只、未存活者4只。(2)术后2周,对照组创面结痂。术后6周转染组移植皮片表面光滑,有弹性,抗磨擦性强,愈合效果优于其他两组。(3)术后2、4、6周,对照组大鼠创面收缩率均高于其他两组,转染组创面收缩率低于未转染组(P<0.05)。(4)术后2周转染组移植皮片内可见较多毛细血管分布;6周时表皮细胞分化达7～10层,纤维排列致密整齐,毛细血管分布均匀。结论用含PDGFB基因的人工复合皮移植修复创面,可明显提高创面愈合质量。     

A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing negative pressure dressing and conventional dressing methods on split-thickness skin grafts in burned patients

Introduction

Split-thickness skin grafting (SSG) is a technique used extensively in the care of burn patients and is fraught with suboptimal graft take when there is a less-than-ideal graft bed and/or grafting conditions. The technique of Negative Pressure Dressing (NPD), initially used for better wound healing has been tried on skin-grafts and has shown to increase the graft take rates. However, comparative studies between the conventional dressing and vacuum assisted closure on skin grafts in burn patients are unavailable. The present study was undertaken to find out if NPD improves graft take as compared to conventional dressing in burns patients.

Materials and methods

Consecutive burn patients undergoing split-skin grafting were randomized to receive either a conventional dressing consisting of Vaseline gauze and cotton pads or to have a NPD of 80 mm Hg for four days over the freshly laid SSG. The results in terms of amount of graft take, duration of dressings for the grafted area and the cost of treatment of wound were compared between the two groups.

Results

A total of 40 split-skin grafts were put on 30 patients. The grafted wounds included acute and chronic burns wounds and surgically created raw areas during burn reconstruction. Twenty-one of them received NPD and 19 served as controls. Patient profiles and average size of the grafts were comparable between the two groups. The vacuum closure assembly was well tolerated by all patients. Final graft take at nine days in the study group ranged from 90 to 100 per cent with an average of 96.7 per cent (SD: 3.55). The control group showed a graft take ranging between 70 and 100 percent with an average graft take of 87.5 percent (SD: 8.73). Mean duration of continued dressings on the grafted area was 8 days in cases (SD: 1.48) and 11 days in controls (SD: 2.2) after surgery. Each of these differences was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Negative pressure dressing improves graft take in burns patients and can particularly be considered when wound bed and grafting conditions seem less-than-ideal. The negative pressure can also be effectively assembled using locally available materials thus significantly reducing the cost of treatment.     

人表皮细胞与无细胞异种真皮复合移植的实验研究

目的 观察人表皮细胞与无细胞异种真皮复合移植全层皮肤缺损创面后的效果,寻找一种新的创面覆盖物。方法 42只裸鼠作背部全层皮肤缺损创面,分别进行复合皮移植（复合皮组）和单纯表皮细胞膜片移植（对照组）,术后定期观察创面愈合情况并进行创面愈合率及创面收缩率的计算,同时留取创面组织进行组织学检查。结果 与对照组相比较,复合皮组的创面愈合及外观情况良好,两组创面愈合率及收缩率的差异有显性意义（P＜0．05）;组织学检测提示复合皮上皮分化充分,胶原增生有序,表皮－真皮连接结构重建明显,未见明显的急性期免疫排斥反应。结论 人表皮细胞与无细胞异种真皮复合移植能改善创面愈合质量,可作为一种新的皮肤代用品。     

Preparation of laser micropore porcine acellular dermal matrix for skin graft: an experimental study

In our previous study, we used composite grafts consisting of meshed porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM) and thin split-thickness autologous epidermis to cover full thickness burn wounds in clinical practice. However, a certain degree of contraction might occur because the distribution of dermal matrix was not uniform in burn wound. In this study, we prepare a composite skin graft consisting of PADM with the aid of laser to improve the quality of healing of burn wound. METHODS: PADM was prepared by the trypsin/Triton X-100 method. Micropores were produced on the PADM with a laser punch. The distance between micropores varied from 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 to 1.5mm. Full thickness defect wounds were created on the back of 144 SD rats. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: micropore groups I-IV in which the wound were grafted with PADM with micropores, in four different distances, respectively and split-thickness autograft; mesh group rats received meshed PADM graft and split-thickness autograft; control group received simple split-thickness autografting. The status of wound healing was histologically observed at regular time points after surgery. The wound healing rate and contraction rate were calculated. RESULTS: The wound healing rate in micropore groups I and II was not statistically different from that in control group, but was significantly higher than that in mesh group 6 weeks after grafting. The wound healing rate in micropore groups III and IV was lower than that in mesh and control groups 4 and 6 weeks after grafting. The wound contraction rate in micropore groups I and II was remarkably lower than that in control group 4 and 6 weeks after surgery and it was significantly much lower than that in mesh group 6 weeks after surgery. Histological examination revealed good epithelization, regularly arranged collagenous fibers and integral structure of basement membrane. CONCLUSION: Laser micropore PADM (0.8 or 1.0mm in distance) grafting in combination with split-thickness autografting can improve wound healing. The PADM with laser micropores in 1.0mm distance is the better choice.     

Vertical (two-layer) skin grafting: new reserves for autologic skin

The main, permanent source of burn coverage continues to be autologic skin. In patients with major burns, the amount of available autologic skin may be insufficient. Consequently, severe wounds are covered after debridement with other biological or synthetic skin substitutes. Another source of skin reserves for wound coverage is the use of cultured keratinocyte sheet graft alone or with any dermal substitute. Some of these materials provide only temporal coverage and are often costly and time-consuming in preparation. These factors can be critical in burned patients. To expand the effective means of wound coverage, the authors sought a new source of autologic skin. The dermal grafts that were the marginal product of skin harvesting were meshed and grafted on the debrided third-degree burn, granulated wound, or muscle. The authors observed good dermal grafts "take" with rapid or slow epithelialization. They saw no the delay in donor site healing where the skin grafts overlapped. The histological difference in usual skin grafts and dermal grafts was studied after their harvesting and "taking."