64层螺旋CT数字减影术对头颈部动脉成像应用研究

目的:探讨64层螺旋CT数字减影技术对头颈部动脉成像的优势。方法:对25例怀疑头颈部血管病变患者行64层螺旋CT血管减影成像检查,用特殊头部固定装置固定头颅,先行平扫,然后以相同的扫描参数行增强扫描,将增强前后图像送至工作站进行减影,利用inspace从减影的图像中提取动脉,进行血管重组,其中15例同时行常规CTA检查,8例行DSA检查,比较减影CTA与常规CTA的成像速度、图像质量,并与DSA成像比较。结果:25例均能显示颈总动脉、颈内动脉、椎动脉及主要分支,其中17例颈椎及颅底骨质完全减去,血管显示良好,8例因检查时头部轻微动或做吞咽动作而造成部分颈椎骨及颅底骨未完全减去,但动脉仍能显示,减影CTA平均成像时间4.3min,常规CTA平均成像时间24.3min,2种成像技术比较,颈部动脉图像质量无明显差别,减影CTA对颅内动脉主干及更多分支的显示优于常规CTA,减影CTA与8例DSA比较图像完全相同。结论:64层螺旋CT血管减影技术省时省力、便捷灵活、图像质量好,值得在临床推广。     

颈动脉和椎基底动脉16层螺旋CT减影成像的应用价值

目的:探讨颈动脉和椎基底动脉CTA减影技术的临床应用价值。方法:对43例患者行颈动脉和椎基底动脉CTA检查,原始数据在工作站进行减影和三维图像后处理。图像由2名观察者对颈动脉和椎基底动脉的显影情况进行评分,数据应用SPSS11.0进行统计学分析。结果:减影和非减影的颈动脉和椎基底动脉图像的观察评分有显著性差异。CTA减影血管重建后的图像质量优良,在显示颈动脉和椎基底动脉的完整性方面明显优于常规CTA血管重建。减影图像对于显示管壁钙化效果欠佳,需结合平扫和非减影图像进行钙化斑块评估。结论:CTA减影成像技术改善了对颈动脉和椎基底动脉复杂解剖及异常管壁结构的显示,结合非减影图像,可为临床提供更加丰富的诊断信息。     

Bone-subtraction CT angiography for the evaluation of intracranial aneurysms

PURPOSE: CT angiography (CTA) has been established for detection and therapy planning of intracranial aneurysms. The analysis of aneurysms at the level of the skull base, however, remains difficult because bone prevents a free view. We report initial clinical results of an approach for automatic bone elimination from CTA data. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Before the bone-removal process 2 datasets are acquired: nonenhanced spiral CT with reduced dose and contrast-enhanced CTA. The software automatically registers the nonenhanced data onto the CTA data and selectively removes bone. Vascular structures, as well as brain tissue, remain visible. In this study, we investigated 27 patients with 29 aneurysms, 13 of which were located at the skull base. 3D volume-rendered images with and without bone removal were reviewed and compared with digital subtraction angiography by 2 radiologists in consensus. RESULTS: All supraclinoidal aneurysms were detected on 3D volume-rendered images of both CTA and bone-subtraction CT angiography (BSCTA). Four intracavernous and 3 paraclinoid aneurysms of the internal carotid artery were not visible or were only partially visible on conventional 3D CTA, whereas they could be optimally visualized with BSCTA. Bone removal was successful in all patients; the average additional time for postprocessing was 6.2 minutes. In 7 patients (26%), perfect bone removal without any artifacts was achieved. In most patients, some bone remnants were still present, though it did not disturb the 3D visualization of vascular structures. CONCLUSION: BSCTA allows robust and fast selective elimination of bony structures, thus ascertaining a better analysis of arteries at the level of the skull base. This is useful for both detection and therapy planning of intracranial aneurysms.     

多层螺旋CT头颈部低剂量对比剂血管成像的可行性研究

目的 探讨16排多层螺旋CT低剂量对比剂头颈部血管成像的可行性。资料与方法 30例头颈部CT血管成像(CTA)分为3组．采用不同的对比剂量：100ml、80ml和60ml。根据原始图像和最大强度投影(MIP)重建像评价3组病例颈部动脉、颅内动脉的显示程度、静脉充盈程度以及伪影;并测量动脉内对比剂的浓度。结果 颈动脉、椎动脉及颅内动脉在3组病例中均清晰显示．显示程度评分上3组间无统计学差异。静脉充盈程度和伪影的主观评分亦无显著性差异。3组动脉内的对比剂浓度均维持在较高的水平,统计学无显著性差异。结论 16排多层螺旋CT头颈部血管成像使用低剂量对比剂可以满足临床需要。     

Nonrigid registration for subtraction CT angiography applied to the carotids and cranial arteries

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is an established tool for vascular imaging. However, high-intensity nonvascular structures in the contrast image can seriously hamper luminal visualization. This is an issue for three-dimensional visualization, where high-intensity structures might cover the underlying vasculature. But also in two dimensions, calcified plaques adjacent to the contrast-enhanced vessel lumen impede correct determination of the vessel boundary. High-intensity structures can be eliminated using subtraction CTA, where a native image is subtracted from the contrast image. However, patient and organ motion limits the widespread application of this technique. We propose to use nonrigid image registration to solve this problem. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For each patient, a native image and a contrast image are recorded, respectively, before and after contrast administration. The native image is registered to the contrast image using an automatic intensity-based nonrigid three-dimensional registration algorithm. Both images are merged in a fused image, allowing the user to switch between a view of the arteries, the bone or both. The procedure has been applied to 95 patients. RESULTS: In all cases, subtraction CTA using nonrigid registration allows for a significantly better artifacts removal than subtraction CTA without registration. Image quality of all images was judged adequate for clinical use. The average total processing time for each dataset is about 30 minutes. CONCLUSION: Nonrigid registration can allow for a great reduction in subtraction artifacts for subtraction CTA, resulting in a clear view of the vasculature.     

Subtracted 3D CT angiography for evaluation of internal carotid artery aneurysms: comparison with conventional digital subtraction angiography

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 3D computed tomographic angiography (3DCTA) has been used recently for the evaluation of intracerebral aneurysms, but it is difficult to use this technique to visualize aneurysms near the base of the skull because of the presence of bone. Subtracted 3DCTA could replace digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for evaluation of aneurysms near the base of the skull if the 2 methods were to give similar results. The aim of this study was to compare the evaluation of aneurysms of the internal carotid artery (ICA) near the base of the skull by subtracted 3DCTA and DSA. METHODS: CTA and DSA were obtained in 25 patients with unruptured aneurysms of the ICA. To create subtracted 3DCTA images, we used a volume subtraction (VS) method, wherein nonenhanced volume data are subtracted from enhanced volume data. CTA and DSA were reviewed by 2 neuroradiologists who performed the detection and characterization of aneurysms of the ICA by using 2D multiplanar reformatted (MPR) and VS- and nonsubtracted (NS)-3DCTA images with volume rendering techniques. RESULTS: DSA detected 29 aneurysms in the 25 patients. VS-3DCTA detected all 29 aneurysms in the 25 patients and was equivalent to DSA for evaluating their characteristics (location, size, and direction). NS-3DCTA detected 19 (1 cavernous, 4 ophthalmic, 1 superior hypophyseal, 7 posterior communicating, and 6 anterior choroidal artery) of these 29 aneurysms, but it could not characterize ophthalmic and superior hypophyseal artery aneurysms because they were only partly visible on NS-3DCTA because of bony structures. 2D-MPR images detected all but the small aneurysms (24 of 29 detected). VS-3DCTA and 2D-MPR could visualize all branching arteries (ophthalmic, posterior communicating, and anterior choroidal) detected by DSA, but NS-3DCTA could not visualize ophthalmic arteries because of the presence of bony structures. CONCLUSION: VS-3DCTA can be used as an alternative to DSA for preoperative examination of aneurysms near the skull base, where it provides equivalent identification and characterization.     

颅颈部血管多层螺旋减影CTA与DSA的比较研究

目的 评价减影CTA对检察颅颈部血管性病变的灵敏度和特异度及其临床应用价值.方法 对76例怀疑颅颈部血管疾病患者施行16层螺旋减影CTA检查,在保证增强前后所采集的数据参数一致的前提下用Neuro-DSA软件进行减影,其中30例与DSA作比较观察.减影CTA图像质量分为优良、一般、差;应用非参数统计检验、计算减影CTA显示病变的灵敏度和特异度.结果 以颈内动脉颅段、前后交通动脉、大脑前中后动脉近段、椎基动脉为观察对象,共观察血管段900段.减影CTA图像质量优良571段,为63.4%,一般有301段,为33.4%.但在显示颅颈部不同段血管的图像质量上有差异;减影CTA检出病变的灵敏度为84.4%,特异度为40%,检出动脉瘤的灵敏度和特异度均为100%.结论 16层螺旋减影CTA无创,快捷,简单易行,能提供较高分辨率的血管图像,可作为一种常规的方法应用于颅颈部血管疾病的筛查和诊断.     

脑血管腔内碘对比剂浓度对脑血管CT血管成像图像质量的影响

目的探讨脑血管腔内不同碘对比剂浓度对脑血管 CT 血管成像(CTA)图像质量的影响,以确定使血管显示最佳的 CT 值阈值.资料与方法连续测量60例 CTA 病例左侧颈内动脉入颅前段(LEICA)、左侧大脑中动脉 M1段(LM1)、左侧大脑前动脉A2段(LA2)、左侧椎动脉颅内段(LIVA)、基底动脉(BA)血管腔内 CT 值,头颈部 CTA 加测左侧颈外动脉(LECA)CT 值,观察段血管发生病变时测量对侧,评价常规与减影 CTA 血管重建图像质量.结果常规与减影 CTA 图像中,优、良、差组患者年龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).LEICA、BA、LIVA 及 LECA 常规与减影 CTA 图像以及 LM1常规 CTA 图像优、良组与差组 CT 值差异有统计学意义(P<0.017),优组与良组差异无统计学意义(P>0.017).LM1减影 CTA 图像及 LA2常规与减影 CTA 图像优、良、差组两两比较,各组间 CT 值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.017).LM1减影 CTA 图像及 LA2常规与减影 CTA 图像中最佳图像显示的 CT 值阈值分别为(506±89)Hu、(460±67)Hu、(436±60)Hu.结论随着脑血管腔内碘对比剂浓度增高,血管强化程度增强,有利于提高脑血管 CTA 的图像质量.     

减影CTA成像技术在脑动脉瘤诊断中的优势

目的合理应用64层螺旋CT减影CTA的优势,提高对脑动脉瘤的诊断率。资料与方法对61例临床有蛛网膜下腔出血的患者行CT检查,并用减影CTA和常规CTA进行对比,重组技术用最大密度投影(MIP)和容积再现(VR)。以手术及部分DSA为标准评价两种检查结果;由两名有经验的神经外科医师、两名放射科医师双盲法评价图像质量。结果减影CTA检出动脉瘤63个,检出动脉瘤的敏感性为100%、特异性为100%,阴性似然比为0.0000,评价者对动脉瘤检出的一致性为1.00;常规CTA检出动脉瘤60个,漏检3个颈内动脉床突下动脉瘤,检出动脉瘤的敏感性为95%,特异性为100%,阴性似然比为0.0500,评价者对动脉瘤检出的一致性为0.9565。结论减影CTA技术对颈内动脉床突下动脉瘤的检出具有明显的优势。     

16层螺旋CT触发技术在颈部动脉CTA中的临床应用

目的:探讨16层螺旋CT团注追踪触发技术在颈部动脉CT血管成像(CTA)中的应用价值。方法:9例志愿者行主动脉弓同层动态增强扫描,利用获得的主动脉弓时间-密度曲线(TDC),寻求触发技术的理论阈值。将28例患者随机分为4组(触发阈值分别为110 HU1、40 HU1、70 HU2、00 HU),采用16层螺旋CT结合触发技术行颈部动脉CTA检查,探讨CTA触发技术的最佳应用阈值。结果:阈值140 HU组(参照组),颈总动脉、颈内动脉及椎动脉全程强化明显(CT值188~262 HU),而颈内静脉强化不明显,动静脉密度差别大,3D后处理显示的动脉图像清晰。阈值110 HU组,椎动脉起始处CT值较低(106 HU);阈值170 HU及200 HU组,C1及C5椎体平面颈内静脉的密度明显升高(>150 HU),与参照组比较差异有极显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论:16层螺旋CT血管成像中触发技术结合最佳触发阈值可较好地显示颈总动脉、颈内动脉及椎动脉;对比剂注射流率4.0 ml/s,触发阈值为140 HU时的图像质量较好。     

64层CTA-MIP、CTA-VR与3D-DSA对颅内动脉瘤诊断价值的对比研究

目的对比评价64层螺旋CT最大密度投影(CTA-MIP),CTA容积再现(CTA-VR)与三维数字血管造影(3D-DSA)对颅内动脉瘤(CA)的诊断价值。资料与方法回顾性分析32例经手术及DSA确诊的CA 64层CT血管成像资料,并与DSA进行对照。结果 32例共40个动脉瘤,CTA-MIP发现35个动脉瘤,CTA-VR发现37个动脉瘤,3D-DSA发现39个动脉瘤。40个动脉瘤中11个位于后交通动脉,16个位于大脑中动脉,4个位于基底动脉,1个位于椎动脉,2个位于大脑前动脉,3个位于大脑后动脉,3个位于颈内动脉。3D-DSA与CTA比较,差异无统计学意义。结论在CA影像学诊断上,CTA-MIP、CTA-VR和3D-DSA各有优势,CTA可作为外科治疗或介入治疗的筛选方法。     

320层CT动态容积扫描对烟雾病侧支循环的评价

目的 探讨320层CT动态容积扫描技术在烟雾病侧支循环诊断中的应用价值.方法 搜集23例经临床、影像综合诊断为烟雾病患者的320层CT扫描图像,并结合病史、DSA检查等进行回顾性分析.结果 23例烟雾病患者320层CT动态容积扫描时表现为单侧或双侧颈内动脉颅内段及大脑前、中动脉狭窄或闭塞,颅底动脉环处见细小、杂乱、迂曲代偿血管网.烟雾病侧支循环途径包括willis环(6例)、眼动脉(4例)、颅底烟雾动脉(23例)、软脑膜吻合动脉(4例)、颈外动脉分支(9例)等.结论 320层CT动态容积扫描技术能显示烟雾病患者侧支循环情况,特别能良好显示来源于颈外动脉的侧支循环,具有肯定的临床应用价值.     

缺血性脑血管病颈动脉狭窄的影像诊断

目的　评价颈动脉狭窄无创性影像学检查方法的临床应用价值,探讨颈动脉狭窄与缺血性脑血管病之间的联系。　材料与方法　对15例30支颈动脉行多普勒超声（DUS）、磁共振血管造影（MRA）及头部CT&MRI检查。其中5例同时行颈动脉CT血管造影（CTA）,4例与DSA对照,6例颈动脉重度狭窄者行颈动脉内膜切除术。　结果　15例30支颈动脉轻度狭窄（<30%）8支,中度狭窄(30%～69%)6支,重度狭窄(70%～99%)8支(均为一侧),闭塞2支,未见狭窄6支。8支颈动脉重度狭窄者狭窄侧腔隙性脑梗死5例,狭窄对侧皮层梗死1例,双侧脑梗死1例,未见异常1例。颈动脉闭塞侧大脑中动脉分布区脑梗死2例。CTA显示硬化斑块3例。　结论　颈动脉狭窄与脑梗死的发生、发展密切相关。DUS、MRA、CTA结合使用能够在颈动脉狭窄的筛选、诊断、监测中发挥重要作用。     

Test-Bolus部位选择对MSCT双期脑血管成像质量的影响

目的对比不同部位Test-Bolus测试对MSCT脑动静脉双期成像图像质量的影响。方法75例随机分配到脑动脉环窦汇（A）组、颈内动静脉（B）组、颈总动静脉（C）组（每组25例）,以相同参数行Test-Bolus测试及MSCT双期脑血管成像,用Kruskal-Wallis H检验比较3组测试成功病例CTA、CTV图像质量差异。结果A,B,C3组Test-Bolus测试成功显示动静脉强化峰值率分别为76％,92％,96％;3组测试动静脉峰值时间差有差别（P〈0．005）;3组测试动脉峰值时间没有统计学差异（p=0．744）。3组CTA图像脑动脉各级分支清晰显示,静脉干扰轻微,两者评分及脑动静脉最大强化CT差值均无显著差异（P=0．192;P=0．347;P=0．327）。3组CTV图像深浅静脉、静脉窦显示清晰,其评分没有差别（p=0．839）;脑动脉仍强化明显,动脉干扰评分及动静脉最大强化CT差值没有差别（p=0．347;P=0．327）。结论颅内、颈内、颈总动静脉行Test—Bolus测试成功后,确定MSCT双期脑血管成像延时扫描时间对CTA及CTV图像质量影响无显著差异,颈内动静脉可作为MSCT脑动静脉双期成像推荐测试部位。     

双源CT双能量去骨技术在头颈部血管成像中的应用

目的：比较双能量去骨与减影去骨对头颈部血管CT成像（CTA）的差异,探讨头颈部双能量CT血管成像（DECTA）的应用价值。方法：50例患者行DECTA检查并行双能量去骨,对照组45例患者使用减影CTA检查并去骨,然后分别比较DECTA和减影CTA的图像质量、去骨所用时间及放射剂量,并观察DECTA上颈总动脉分叉处钙化的显示效果。结果：颅内动脉DECTA和减影CTA的图像质量差异无显著性意义（Z=0.790,P=0.430）,颈内动脉虹吸段和岩段DECTA图像质量优于减影CTA（虹吸段Z=-1.989,P=0.047;岩段Z=-2.014,P=0.044）,而减影CTA显示颈根部动脉优于DECTA（Z=3.900,P〈0.001）。同时DECTA减少约24.0%的放射剂量。DECTA上共有28例发现有血管性病变,所有病变显示清晰,其中10例并与DSA或外科手术对照具有良好的一致性。颈总动脉分叉处36个钙化灶中有8个钙化灶未在DECTA上显示。结论：DECTA显示头颈部血管总体良好,成功率高,且放射剂量明显减少,但对于颈根部动脉显示仍存在一定局限。     

Maximum stenosis of extracranial internal carotid artery: effect of luminal morphology on stenosis measurement by using CT angiography and conventional DSA.

PURPOSE: To assess the luminal morphology of the extracranial internal carotid artery at three-dimensional (3D) computed tomographic (CT) angiography and how this factor affects measurement of maximum carotid arterial stenoses at conventional intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospectively, conventional intraarterial DSA and 3D CT angiography were performed in 42 carotid arteries in 21 patients with suspected carotid artery disease. The longest axis length-perpendicular axis length (L/P) ratios of the arterial lumen on the cross-sectional images at the most stenotic area and distal nonstenotic area were analyzed by acquiring multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) images at 3D CT angiography. The maximum stenosis was measured at each modality with North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial criteria. RESULTS: The L/P ratios in the most stenotic areas ranged from 1.0 to 3.2 (mean, 1.5 +/- 0.5 [SD]). The mean difference in maximum percentage of stenosis between the two modalities for L/P ratios of 2.0 or greater was significantly greater than that for L/P ratios of less than 1.5 (P < .05). Three carotid arteries with 70%-99% stenosis, with grades determined only with 3D CT angiography, had L/P ratios of 2.0 or greater. CONCLUSION: On MPR images at 3D CT angiography, the lumen of extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis showed a wide range of shapes. When a carotid artery has a high L/P ratio, the luminal morphology of the carotid artery stenosis may affect the assessment of maximum stenosis of the internal carotid artery at conventional DSA.     

64层CT血管造影诊断颈内动脉狭窄及内膜切除术或支架置入术后随访的价值

目的通过与DSA对比，评价64层容积CT血管造影（CTA）诊断颈内动脉（ICA）狭窄，及其在内膜切除术和支架置入术后随访中的价值。方法同时进行CTA和DSA检查的短暂性脑缺血患者40例，根据北美症状性颈内动脉内膜剥脱术实验（NASCET）的方法，由2名不了解患者情况的放射科主任医生分别对80支颈内动脉进行CTA的曲面重建和DSA测量。以远心端颈内动脉作为参考，以DSA为金标准，以狭窄率50％及70％为界计算CTA敏感度、特异度、阴性预测值和阳性预测值等。内膜切除术和支架置入术前、术后CTA测得的ICA狭窄处直径及横切面面积的比较用配对t检验。结果以狭窄率超过70％为标准，37支血管中35支DSA和CTA检查结果一致（95％），CTA的敏感度、特异度、阴性预测值和阳性预测值分别为97％[95％可信限（CI）为85％-100％]、95％（95％CI为82％-100％）、95％（95％CI为82％-100％）、98％（95％CI为92％-100％）。CTA检测内膜切除术和支架置入术后ICA狭窄处直径及横切面面积较术前有显著增加，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论CTA是筛查ICA狭窄的一种有效手段，也可作为ICA内膜剥脱术和支架置入术后随访的首选方法。     

Subtraction helical CT angiography of intra- and extracranial vessels: technical considerations and preliminary experience

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Reported CT angiographic (CTA) subtraction methods are not simple, robust, or real time. We investigated a novel technique for semiautomated digital subtraction CTA of the intracranial and extracranial arteries. METHODS: Thirty patients underwent precontrast (low milliampere-seconds) and postcontrast (pitch, 1.5; collimation, 1-2.5 mm) helical imaging with a vacuum-type head holder to facilitate image registration and minimize movement. A reconstructed three-dimensional model of the precontrast bone dataset was subtracted from the postcontrast dataset to produce subtracted maximum-intensity-projection angiograms. Experienced (operator 1) and less-experienced (operator 2) staff performed the standard and subtraction reconstructions, and image generation time and quality (graded 1-5) were compared. A third operator blinded to the method assessed the hard-copy image quality. RESULTS: Image quality with subtraction postprocessing was significantly better with both operators (operator 1, mean improvement of 0.87 grade, median improvement of 1 grade, P <.001; operator 2, mean improvement of 0.63 grade, median improvement of 1 grade, P <.001). Hard-copy image quality was better with the subtraction method (operator 1, P >.001; operator 2, P <.001). Blood vessels at the base of the brain were better demonstrated on subtraction images in 13 of 14 examinations. For the less experienced operator, the reconstruction time was significantly less with the subtraction method than with the conventional method (mean, 7.5 vs 10.1 minutes; P =.001). CONCLUSION: When separation of the vasculature from bone is important and technically difficult, digital subtraction CTA offers a potential advantage. This semiautomated technique is fast and easy to learn, and variably experienced staff can use it.     

Cervical CT angiography comparing routine noncontrast and a late venous scan as masks for automated bone subtraction: feasibility study and examination of the influence of patient motion on image quality

OBJECTIVES: Bone subtraction techniques have been shown to enhance cranial computed tomography angiography (CTA). The aims of this study were to assess the feasibility of bone subtraction CTA (BSCTA) in cervical CTA, test whether a late venous CT (LVCT) scan can be used as bone mask instead of a low-dose nonenhanced CT (NECT), and to evaluate the impact of patient motion on image quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients underwent BSCTA for the evaluation of the neck vessels with a 64-slice CT system using commercially available software. Eighteen patients had a low-dose NECT scan before CTA, and 18 patients had an LVCT scan after CTA. Subtraction quality for vascular segments was evaluated independently by 2 examiners. Cohen's Kappa was applied to evaluate interobserver reliability, and Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to test for differences between the 2 groups. Motion between the 2 scans was measured and correlated to image quality. RESULTS: BSCTA using both NECT and LVCT scans as masks was successfully applied in all patients. Image quality did not differ significantly between the 2 groups, and interobserver agreement was high (k 0.5-1). Motion between the scans was highest for the jaw and hyoid, and lowest for the upper and lower spine. Decreased image quality on the subtracted images was associated with increased motion for the external carotid and vertebral artery, independent of mask type (P = 0.002-0.04). CONCLUSIONS: BSCTA techniques can be successfully applied in the neck. If parenchymal phase imaging is indicated, the LVCT can be used as a bone subtraction mask and diagnostic scan, eg, for tumor imaging.     

16层螺旋CT颈部血管成像的初步临床应用

目的:探讨颈部血管(颈动脉、椎动脉)16层螺旋CT血管造影成像技术及其临床应用价值。材料和方法:38例临床怀疑颈动脉及椎动脉狭窄者,经16层螺旋CT扫描后,用薄层横断面放大图像(MTI)及最大密度投影(MIP)、多平面重建(MPR)、曲面重建(CPR)等后处理方法,进行管腔及管壁斑块的形态学显示,并用高级血管分析软件测量狭窄段径线、狭窄段长度等作定量分析。结果:38例共计76支颈动脉、76支椎动脉CTA图像中,正常颈动脉血管40支,狭窄血管36支,其中1支颈总动脉中度狭窄者合并有动脉瘤;76支椎动脉中,6支椎动脉狭窄,受压于邻近椎体骨质;38例中有9例行颈动脉DSA检查,18例做了颈动脉多普勒超声(TCD),7例DSA和16例TCD对照结果一致,2例CTA轻度狭窄者TCD显示正常,11例颈动脉斑块均为混合密度斑块。结论:16层螺旋CT颈部血管成像图像质量满意,重建图像质量高,能较准确显示管腔狭窄及管壁斑块形态学改变,满足临床诊断需要,具有很好的临床筛查及实用价值。