Liquid gallium alloys for metallic plastic fillings

Ga-In-Sn alloys that are liquid at room temperature have been developed to replace mercury in metal plastic fillings. These liquid alloys were mixed with Ag-Pd-Sn-Cu-Zn to form powder alloys, 'a plasto-metallic body'. Various physical properties of these materials were evaluated. Strength increased markedly immediately after mixing, and polishing was possible on the same day. A good marginal seal could be expected as these materials expand on setting. The technique for filling is simpler and more rapid than is the case with amalgam materials. These materials also seem to be useful in paediatric dentistry for the handicapped, where extensive treatments are frequently performed under general anaesthesia.     

Prefabricated light-polymerizing plastic pattern for partial denture framework

Our aim is to report an application of a prefabricated light-polymerizing plastic pattern to construction of removable partial denture framework without the use of a refractory cast. A plastic pattern for the lingual bar was adapted on the master cast of a mandibular Kennedy class I partially edentulous patient. The pattern was polymerized in a light chamber. Cobalt-chromium wires were employed to minimize the potential distortion of the plastic framework. The framework was carefully removed from the master cast and invested with phosphate-bonded investment for the subsequent casting procedures. A retentive clasp was constructed using 19-gauge wrought wire and was welded to the framework by means of laser welding machine. An excellent fit of the framework in the patient's mouth was observed in the try-in and the insertion of the denture. The result suggests that this method minimizes laboratory cost and time for partial denture construction.     

Periodontal plastic surgical technique for gingival fenestration closure

Gingival fenestration is an opening through oral keratinized tissue, usually unattached, that is observed in thin gingiva with usually thick subgingival calculus deposits. This lesion is seen infrequently but may be more common than has been reported; lack of symptoms may inhibit patient awareness. Because surgical correction usually is not required, there are very few reports in the literature concerning this lesion. The following report describes a case of gingival fenestration and surgical treatment with a connective tissue/periosteal graft.     

Periodontal plastic surgery

The aim of the present article is to summarize current knowledge in terms of the etiology, diagnosis, prognosis and surgical treatment of gingival recession. Whilst the main etiological factors (i.e. toothbrushing trauma and bacterial plaque) are well established, challenges still remain to be solved in the diagnostic, prognostic and classification processes of gingival recession, especially when the main reference parameter – the cemento–enamel junction – is no longer detectable on the affected tooth or when there is a slight loss of periodontal interdental attachment. Root coverage in single type gingival recession defects is a very predictable outcome following the use of various surgical techniques. The coronally advanced flap, with or without connective tissue grafting, is the technique of choice. The adjunctive use of connective tissue grafts improves the probability of achieving complete root coverage. Surgical coverage of multiple gingival recessions is also predictable with the coronally advanced flap and the coronally advanced flap plus the connective tissue graft, but no data are available indicating which, and how many, gingival recessions should be treated adjunctively with connective tissue grafting in order to limit patient morbidity and improve the esthetic outcome. None of the allograft materials currently available can be considered as a full substitute for the connective tissue graft, even if some recent results are encouraging. The need for future studies with patient‐based outcomes (i.e. esthetics and morbidity) as primary objectives is emphasized in this review.     

Periodontal plastic surgery

Many periodontal plastic surgery cases involve interdisciplinary treatment planning, and the additional expertise of other specialties can often be invaluable. This review merely skims the surface of the wider field of periodontal plastic surgical techniques and materials. The development of loupe magnification, microsurgical instruments and new biomaterials has led to an exciting, emerging field of dental surgery. Such development has added a plethora of new treatment options that the dental team can offer their patients, and these techniques are now very predictable. In today's ever increasing demand for esthetic dentistry, the assistance of a helpful periodontist can result in a rewarding and stimulating case for the dentist and optimal results for the patient.     

Soft-tissue plastic surgery

Soft-tissue plastic surgery was previously referred to as mucogingival surgery by Friedman (Tex Dent J 1957, 75:358-362). This term referred to any surgery "designated to preserve attached gingiva, to remove frena or muscle attachment, and to increase the depth of the vestibule." The aim of this type of surgery was to maintain an adequate mucogingival complex, focusing on the importance of the amount of attached gingiva. Soft tissue plastic surgery is important not only for reasons of health, but also for cosmetic purposes.     

快速成型帽状夹板在下颌骨骨折中的应用

目的 寻求迅速、简便、有效的下颌骨骨折的固定方法。方法 真空成型牙列套的帽状夹板，利用其弹性来复位骨折片。结果 治疗骨折线位于牙列内的单发、多发下颌骨骨折11例，取得良好效果。此方法不影响进食，骨折端稳定。结论 快速成型帽状夹板在下颌骨骨折治疗中有较好固定效果。     

The plastic cap—an improved technique for impression taking

An improved impression technique is described using a plastic, transparent, flexible cap in combination with silicone impression materials. The technique can easily be applied at the chairside by the clinician and provides a solution to some of the present problems in impression with minimal trauma to the surrounding tissues.