Dunhill手术治疗双侧结节性甲状腺肿的临床疗效分析

目的:探讨Dunhill手术(一侧甲状腺全切加对侧次全切除术)治疗双侧结节性甲状腺肿的临床效果。方法:收集哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院2011年1月—2017年1月间开展的58例Dunhill手术与60例双侧甲状腺次全切除术的患者临床资料进行回顾性分析,所有患者术中病理均证实为双侧结节性甲状腺肿。结果:两组患者术前一般资料均无统计学差异(均P0.05)。与双侧次全切除术组比较,Dunhill手术组的平均手术时间明显延长(95.41minvs.52.48min,P=0.000),术后第1天低血钙发生率明显升高(12.1%vs.1.7%,P=0.031),两组术中出血量、甲状旁腺移植例数、喉返神经损伤发生率、术后第3天低钙血症发生率、甲状旁腺功能低下发生率均无统计学差异(P=1.000)。随访期间,Dunhill手术组患者复发率明显低于双侧甲状腺次全切除术组患者(P=0.027)。结论:Dunhill手术治疗双侧结节性甲状腺肿安全、有效,且能有效降低术后复发,推荐其临床应用。     

双侧结节性甲状腺肿手术切除范围的探讨

目的探讨双侧结节性甲状腺肿手术切除的适宜范围。方法2003年1月至2006年6月将上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院263例术前诊断为双侧结节性甲状腺肿的病人随机分为A、B两组。A组118例行一侧全切除＋对侧全或近全切除术；B组145例行一侧次全切除＋对侧次全或大部切除术。结果A组5例、B组2例术中冰冻诊断为结节性甲状腺肿，但术后石蜡诊断为乳头状癌。A组不需再手术治疗，B组需再手术。A组3例、B组2例术后出现暂时性声嘶，但两者差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。术后2个月A组2例仍有音调改变，不能发出高音，直接喉镜示双侧声带活动好；B组1例仍有声嘶，喉镜检查一侧声带活动减弱。两组术后各有8例和5例于术后48h内出现低钙血症表现，但两者差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05），且两组均未出现永久性甲状旁腺功能低下和甲减表现。A组无复发，B组10例复发，两组相比差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论对甲状腺结节直径〉3．0cm，或两侧腺叶各有2个以上结节，或术中发现结节主要位于腺叶后方，或实质性冷结节者建议行甲状腺全切术。但术中应仔细解剖避免误伤喉返神经、甲状旁腺和喉上神经，全切除术治疗结节性甲状腺肿是可行的。     

再次手术治疗复发性结节性甲状腺肿48例报道

目的探讨再次手术治疗复发性结节性甲状腺肿的安全性及有效性。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2012年12月期间于笔者所在医院行再次手术治疗的48例复发性结节性甲状腺肿患者的临床资料。结果本组48例患者中,再次手术行甲状腺全切除术33例,行甲状腺近全切除术15例。术中显露喉返神经32例（61条）,均无喉返神经损伤发生;未能显露喉返神经16例,其中有2例发生喉返神经损伤,损伤率为12．5％,高于显露喉返神经者（P〈0．05）。术后均无永久性低钙血症发生,17例（35．4％）发生暂时性低钙血症。术后均获访0．5-8．0年,平均4．3年,无复发。结论复发性结节性甲状腺肿再次手术行甲状腺全切除或近全切除术是安全可靠的,预防术后并发症的关键是熟悉甲状腺解剖和精细手术操作。     

结节性甲状腺肿术后复发相关因素分析

目的　分析与结节性甲状腺肿术后复发相关的因素 ,探讨减少结节性甲状腺肿术后复发的有效方法。方法利用 χ2 检验和Logistic回归方法对可能引起结节性甲状腺肿术后复发的因素 ,进行初步分析。结果术后服药情况和手术方式对结节性甲状腺肿术后复发有显著性影响 (B值分别为 - 1 6 5 2 6和 1 0 70 7,P <0 0 1)。结论正确选择手术方式以及系统的术后服药可以减低结节性甲状腺肿术后复发率     

结节性甲状腺肿手术方式的选择探讨

目的 探讨降低结节性甲状腺肿术后复发率的有效手术方法.方法 将2007年1月-2011年6月,在武汉钢铁(集团)公司总医院进行手术治疗的157例结节性甲状腺肿患者,按照手术方法分为甲状腺全切组、甲状腺近全切组、甲状腺次全切、单纯病灶或腺体部分切除组等4组进行比较,比较其手术后的复发率和并发症.结果 复发情况经过统计学处理,全切组与次全切组、全切组与局部切除组、近全切组与局部切除组的差异有高度显著性意义.全切组与近全切组、近次全切组与次全切组、次全切组与局部切除组的差异无统计学意义.并发症的发生情况,全切组与次全切组、全切组与近全切组、全切组与局部切除组的差异有高度显著性意义;近全切组与次全切组的比较,差异有显著性意义;次全切组与局部切除组、近全切组与局部切除组的比较,差异无统计学意义.结论 甲状腺全切、近全切、次全切都是治疗结节性甲状腺肿的有效方法,应该加以提倡,术后终生服用甲状腺片或优甲乐疗效满意.而局部切除和甲状腺部分切除应慎用.     

双侧结节性甲状腺肿合并桥本甲状腺炎不同术式的疗效比较

目的：比较不同术式对双侧结节性甲状腺肿（NG）合并桥本甲状腺炎（HT）的疗效。 方法：收集2006年1月—2013年7月经手术治疗并病理证实的双侧NG合并HT患者的临床资料,将患者按照手术切除范围分为甲状腺大部/部分切除组、甲状腺次全切除组、甲状腺全切除组,每组均选取30例,比较各组术前、术中及术后相关指标。 结果：3组患者术前临床资料具有可比性（均P>0.05）;大部/部分切除组手术时间明显短于另两组（均P<0.05）,而术中出血量、住院总天数、术后住院天数、留置引流天数、引流量方面,3组间差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;3组均未发生术后大量出血及永久性声音嘶哑和低钙血症,暂时性声音嘶哑发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,全切除组暂时性低钙血症发生率高于另两组（均P<0.05）,而大部/部分切除组复发率高于另两组（均P<0.05）。 结论：双侧NG合并HT行甲状腺大部/部分切除术手术时间短,但复发率较高;全切除术发生暂时性低钙血症较多。     

结节性甲状腺肿术后甲状腺危象

原发性甲状腺机能亢进症（甲亢）手术后甲状腺危象已被大多数人所重视，但对结节性甲状腺肿术后发生的甲状腺危象认识不足。笔者近十年来诊治结节性甲状腺肿术后并发甲状腺危象５例，现报告如下。作者单位：０６７０００承德医学院附属医院普外科１临床资料１．１一般资料...     

复发性结节性甲状腺肿再次手术方式的选择

目的探讨正确选择复发性结节性甲状腺肿再次手术的方式,以降低手术并发症发生率。方法回顾性的分析手术治疗的68例复发性结节性甲状腺肿患者的临床资料。其中1次术后复发者56例,2次术后复发者10例,3次术后复发者2例。结果一侧全切或近全切 对侧次全切或大部切12例,一侧次全切 对侧次全切或大部切28例,一侧次全切20例,一侧大部切8例。平均手术时间136.43 min,术中出血平均212.33 mL。术中有54例显露喉返神经;有2例患者术后出现声带麻痹,其中1例双侧麻痹者行气管切开;3个月后拔除气管导管。4例患者出现一过性的四肢麻木。结论再次手术时,首选一侧腺叶的全切除,至少应行次全或近全切除,应当摒弃大部切除术。     

4899例结节性甲状腺肿的临床分析

目的：分析过去13年间在我院外科诊治的哈尔滨及其周围地区结节性甲状腺肿(nodular goiter，NG)的 临床特点及外科治疗经验。方法：回顾性分析我院外科手术治疗4899例结节性甲状腺肿的临床资料。结果：该组病 例的男女比例为1∶5． 3；发病年龄为3～83岁，平均45． 2岁；双侧病变4158例(84． 9%)；单侧病变741例(15． 1%)，其 中右叶481例(9． 8%)，左叶260例(5． 3%)；结节性甲状腺肿合并甲亢者304例(6． 2%)；因复发结节性甲状腺肿再次 手术者220例(4． 5%)。4899例中行甲状腺大部切除术4118例(84%)，甲状腺次全切除和近全切除术477例 (9． 7%)，甲状腺部分切除加结节切除304例(6． 2%)。结论：NG 的发病以双侧为多，单侧病变中以有叶居多；尽管甲状 腺大部切除术仍为目前外科治疗结节性甲状腺肿的主要术式，但是鉴于其高复发率，治疗结节性甲状腺肿的术式有 待进一步讨论。     

结节性甲状腺肿术后复发再手术73例分析

我院在1999-2007年期间,共收治结节性甲状腺肿术后复发病人112例,其中73例行再手术治疗,39例甲状腺癌病人未纳入本研究.本文对结节性甲状腺肿术式选择和再手术的关系及需注意的问题进行讨论.报告如下.     

Total thyroidectomy for multinodular goiter in the elderly

BACKGROUND: Total thyroidectomy for multinodular goiter (MNG) is increasingly being performed for the elderly population and yet their perioperative and long-term outcomes remain unclear. METHODS: A total of 279 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for MNG in a university-based hospital during a 9-year period were analyzed according to their age at the time of operation. RESULTS: The duration of operation (P=.023), intraoperative blood loss (P=.030), weight of resected thyroid glands (P<.001) and proportion of retrosternal goiter (P<.001) were significantly greater in the elderly group (>/=70 years) (n = 55), but the incidence of surgically related complications, including recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and hypoparathyroidism, was similar. Postoperative pneumonia occurred more frequently in the elderly group (P=.034). The number of comorbidities tended to correlate with the length of hospital stay and long-term survival in elderly patients. CONCLUSIONS: Total thyroidectomy for MNG in elderly patients had a similar perioperative outcome as their younger counterparts, but their long-term outcome is likely to be influenced by the number of comorbidities.     

Unilateral thyroidectomy for the treatment of benign multinodular goiter

Background

Benign multinodular goiter (MNG) is one of the most commonly treated thyroid disorders. Although bilateral resection is the accepted surgical treatment for bilateral MNG, the appropriate surgical resection for unilateral MNG continues to be debated. Bilateral resection generally has lower recurrence rates but higher complication rates than unilateral resection. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to define the recurrence and complication rates of unilateral and bilateral resections to determine the appropriate intervention for patients with unilateral, benign MNG.

Methods

We reviewed a prospectively maintained database of all patients who underwent a thyroidectomy for treatment of benign MNG at a single institution between May 1994 and December 2011. All patients with bilateral MNG were treated with bilateral resection. Surgical treatment for unilateral MNG was determined by surgeon preference, with all but one surgeon opting for unilateral resection to treat unilateral MNG. Data were reported as means ± standard error of the mean. Chi-squared analysis was used to determine statistical significance at a level of P < 0.05.

Results

A total of 683 patients underwent thyroidectomy for MNG. Of these patients, 420 (61%) underwent unilateral resection and 263 patients (39%) underwent total thyroidectomy. The mean age was 52 ± 17 y, and 542 patients (79%) were female. The mean follow-up time was 46.1 ± 1.9 mo. The rate of recurrent disease was similar between unilateral (2%, n = 10) and bilateral (1%, n = 3) resections (P = 0.248). Unilateral resection patients had a lower total complication rate than patients with bilateral resections (8% versus 26%, P < 0.001); however, there was no difference in the rate of permanent complications (0.2% versus 1%, P = 0.133). Thyroid hormone replacement was rare in unilateral resection patients but necessary in all patients with bilateral resection (19% versus 100%, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Patients that had unilateral resections endured less overall morbidities than those who had bilateral resections, and their risk of recurrent disease was similar. They were also significantly less likely to require lifelong hormone replacement therapy postoperatively. Although bilateral resection remains the recommended treatment for bilateral MNG, these data strongly support the use of unilateral thyroidectomy for the treatment of unilateral, benign MNG.     

Total thyroidectomy for bilateral benign multinodular goiter: effect of changing practice

HYPOTHESIS: That changing practices in a single institution toward performing total thyroidectomy as the preferred option for the treatment of bilateral benign multinodular goiter (BMNG) can alter attitudes and practice within an entire region (Australia and New Zealand). DESIGN: (1) Single-institution study of patients with bilateral BMNG treated by thyroidectomy over a 40-year period, examining the changing pattern of use of bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy in the initial surgical treatment of nodular goiter. (2) Mail survey of all endocrine surgeons (n = 75) in Australia and New Zealand, seeking information on their changing practice in the surgical treatment of BMNG. SETTING: Tertiary academic referral center. PATIENTS: A group of 3468 patients who underwent thyroidectomy for bilateral BMNG during the study period. Of these, 1838 had a subtotal thyroidectomy performed and 1251 had a total thyroidectomy as the primary surgical treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The changing incidence of each type of thyroid procedure each year over the study period. RESULTS: Within our unit, bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy was the principal procedure performed until 1984, when total thyroidectomy became the preferred procedure. Our unit now treats 94% of these patients with total thyroidectomy. Secondary thyroidectomy for recurrent goiter initially increased over the years (with a lag period of 13 years), reflecting the numbers of subtotal procedures previously performed, and is now declining. This pattern has been reflected throughout Australia and New Zealand; 60% of practicing endocrine surgeons now perform total thyroidectomy as the preferred treatment for bilateral BMNG. CONCLUSIONS: Total thyroidectomy is a safe and effective treatment for bilateral BMNG, and it is now the routine procedure throughout Australia and New Zealand. Its use has corresponded to a reduction in the need for secondary thyroidectomy for recurrent goiter.     

结节性甲状腺肿术后复发原因分析及应对策略

摘要 目的： 探讨结节性甲状腺肿术后复发的相关因素和应对策略,降低结节性甲状腺肿再手术率。 方法： 回顾分析我院1998~2008年术后复发性结节性甲状腺肿45例的临床资料。 结果： 结节性甲状腺肿术后复发与病变类型、手术方式选择及术后无规律TSH抑制治疗等密切相关。45例患者给予再次手术加甲状腺激素治疗后无一例复发。 结论： 首次手术应重视术前检查和术中探查、正确选择手术方式及规范化术后辅助甲状腺激素替代治疗,可降低复发率。     

Total thyroidectomy for the surgical treatment of multinodular goiter

Purpose  

The indications for surgical treatment of multinodular goiter (MNG) are pressure symptoms, suspicion of malignancy, and cosmetic concerns. We report our clinical experience of performing total thyroidectomy (TT) for MNG, focusing on outcome and complications, to evaluate its effectiveness.     

巨大复发多结节性甲状腺肿的手术技巧

目的探讨巨大复发多结节性甲状腺肿的手术对策。 方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2017年12月期间实施巨大复发多结节性甲状腺肿手术的25例患者资料。 结果本组25例患者均手术成功,手术时间2～3.5 h,术中失血量10～100 ml,术后暂时性喉返神经损伤和甲状旁腺功能减退分别为1例(4%)和2例(8%)。 结论对于巨大复发多结节性甲状腺肿的手术,术者需掌握相应的操作技巧,使用术中神经监测,可保障手术的安全。