采用髂骨骨松质行齿槽嵴裂植骨46例临床分析

目的　分析影响齿槽嵴裂修复术效果的临床因素。方法　对 4 6例 (5 2侧 )齿槽嵴裂植骨的术后X线影像进行分析 ,观察临床愈合情况。结果　齿槽嵴裂的植骨成活率为 98% ,临床成功率为 92 %。结论　髂骨骨松质是齿槽嵴裂植骨的良好供骨源。恰当处理与骨移植手术相关的环节 ,可提高手术成功率     

唇腭裂患者齿槽嵴裂植骨修复术后随访结果分析

目的分析影响齿槽嵴裂修复术后效果的因素。方法对同一术者所行齿槽嵴裂植骨术的唇腭裂患者５４例进行回顾性研究，所有患者均有术前及手术后３个月以上的完整资料。分析植骨区的Ｘ线组织影像的临床分级与手术年龄、裂类型及手术类型等的关系。结果①齿槽嵴裂的植入骨成活率为９４％，临床成功率为８９％；②齿槽嵴裂的植骨效果与患者的年龄有关，１８岁以上患者植骨的临床成功率明显低于其他年龄患者；③除腭瘘修补术外，齿槽嵴裂植骨术与其他唇腭裂手术同期完成者其临床成功率与单纯行齿槽嵴裂植骨术的临床成功率相似；④单纯伴发唇裂或不完全腭裂的齿槽嵴裂植骨效果优于完全性唇腭裂的齿槽嵴裂植骨效果。结论良好植骨床的形成和植骨区严密的缝合是保证齿槽嵴裂植骨成功的关键     

双侧完全性唇腭裂患者的同期腭裂修复与齿槽嵴裂植骨

目的　分析 8岁以上双侧完全性腭裂患者同期行腭裂修复与齿槽嵴裂植骨的可行性及植骨效果。方法　对 15例同期行腭裂修复与齿槽嵴裂植骨的双侧完全性唇腭裂患者作回顾性研究。分析手术时间、术中出血、术后恢复和创口愈合情况。对术后随访的X线片进行植骨效果的客观评价。结果　所有手术均顺利完成 ,平均手术时间延长 5 2分钟 ,没有明显增加术中出血量 ,患者术后恢复好 ,无创口感染和植入骨暴露 ,植骨的临床成功率为 83.3% ,其中以 8～ 11岁组的成功率最高 (93.8% )。结论　双侧完全性腭裂患者的同期腭裂修复和齿槽嵴裂植骨是安全和可行的 ;对于 8岁以上的腭裂未修复的双侧完全性唇腭裂患者 ,均应同期完成腭裂修复与齿槽嵴裂植骨 ;双侧齿槽嵴裂同期植骨的最佳手术时间与二期植骨相同 ,为尖牙萌出前 ,年龄在 8～ 11岁之间。     

异种脱细胞真皮基质用于牙槽嵴裂植骨术的效果观察

目的探讨在牙槽嵴裂植骨术中应用脱细胞真皮基质能否提高完全性唇腭裂患者植骨术后效果。方法对63例完全性唇腭裂患者共72侧裂隙以自体髂骨松质骨行牙槽嵴裂植骨术,术中同时应用脱细胞真皮基质。术后至少3个月时按照Bergland标准评价其上颌前部咬合片,统计临床成功型所占的比例,并与按相同手术方法植骨但未应用脱细胞真皮基质的植骨效果进行比较。结果脱细胞真皮基质组的临床成功率为75%,高于对照组(51%)。其中单侧牙槽嵴裂组53侧裂隙的成功率为81%,高于对照组(56%);双侧牙槽嵴裂组19侧裂隙的临床成功率为58%,与对照组(42%)无显著性差异。结论完全性唇腭裂患者在牙槽嵴裂植骨术中应用脱细胞真皮基质可以提高手术效果。     

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目的    探讨可吸收性胶原生物膜应用于齿槽裂植骨修复的临床效果。方法    选择2006—2009年在广东省口腔医院口腔颌面外科就诊的单侧齿槽裂患者108例,年龄9 ~ 13岁,随机分为2组。对照组60例单纯应用髂骨松质骨行植骨修复,试验组48例应用髂骨松质骨加可吸收胶原生物膜覆盖行植骨修复。术后1周及3、6、12个月行X线检查。结果    试验组植骨成活率和临床成功率（97.9%、79.2%）高于对照组（86.7%、58.3%）,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论    自体髂骨加可吸收胶原生物膜联合应用于齿槽裂植骨修复中,可有效提高植骨成功率,为后续治疗提供更好保障,值得临床推广。     

齿槽嵴植骨术与医用组织引导再生胶原膜联合应用修复唇腭裂齿槽嵴裂的临床探讨

唇腭裂齿槽嵴裂的修复现已成为唇腭裂序列治疗中不可或缺的一部分 ,而对于齿槽嵴裂的修复 ,植骨术已逐渐被接受且应用于临床。医用组织引导再生胶原膜现已较广泛地应用于牙周手术及种植术中 ,并已被证实可以促进牙槽骨的修复及再生。本研究将植骨术及医用组织引导再生胶原膜联合应用对单侧唇腭裂齿槽嵴裂进行修复 ,效果满意 ,现报道如下。1　材料和方法1 .1　临床资料1 996～ 1 999年共有 9例单侧完全性唇腭裂患者在我科行单侧齿槽嵴裂植骨术 ,其中男 4例 ,女 5例 ,年龄范围 6～ 2 4岁 ,平均年龄 1 5.7岁 ;左侧 7例 ,右侧 2例。所有病人术前…     

Bio-Gide生物膜在单侧齿槽裂植骨的临床应用研究

目的：将Bio-Gide生物膜覆盖单侧齿槽裂植骨区,观察植骨区新骨形成状况,探讨提高齿槽裂植骨效果的新方法。方法：选取65例无其他系统性疾病的单侧齿槽裂病例,随机分为单纯应用髂骨骨松质组和髂骨骨松质＋Bio-Gide生物膜组。应用常规齿槽裂植骨手术方法,分别进行髂骨骨松质移植和Bio-Gide生物膜覆盖移植髂骨骨松质。手术后6个月随访,摄X线咬合片观察齿槽裂植骨区新骨生成,分别采用Witherow氏评分标准和Enemark氏评价标准,分析评价二种植骨方法在单侧齿槽裂修复中的疗效。结果：髂骨骨松质移植组Witherow氏植骨评分分值（4.84±1.78）低于髂骨骨松质移植＋Bio-Gide生物膜组评分分值（6.05±2.16）,有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。根据Enemark氏评价标准,髂骨骨松质移植＋Bio-Gide生物膜组齿槽裂植骨成活率（95.8%）及临床成功率（83.3%）均高于单纯应用髂骨骨松质移植组（85.4%及63.4%）。结论：Bio-Gide生物膜的应用能有效地提高齿槽裂髂骨骨松质移植的新骨形成。     

脱钙人牙基质材料联合髂骨与单纯髂骨移植修复牙槽突裂的对比性研究

目的:研究牙槽突裂植骨修复的新方法.方法:A组62 例(74 侧)牙槽突裂患者采用单纯髂骨松质骨移植修复牙槽突裂,B组26(30 侧)例采用自体髂骨松质骨混合脱钙人牙基质材料植入牙槽突裂术区.对2 组88 例牙槽突裂患者,均于术前、术后1 周,1、2、3、6 个月和1 年摄全口曲面断层X线片及上颌前部咬合X线片,结合临床,观察骨愈合、骨吸收的情况及伤口愈合情况,根据术后3 月X线片,按Bergland等的评价标准进行分级,对2 组不同植骨材料的术后效果进行总结分析. 结果:A组Ⅰ级17 例17 侧(23%),Ⅱ级17 例20 侧(27%),Ⅲ级13 例14侧(19%),Ⅳ级15 例23 侧(31%);植入骨成活率为68.9%,临床成功率为50%.B组Ⅰ级 16侧(53%),Ⅱ级8 侧(26%),Ⅲ级4 侧(13%),Ⅳ级2 侧(6%);植入骨成活率为93.3%, 临床成功率为80%.结论: 采用脱钙人牙基质材料联合髂骨松质骨修复牙槽突裂,骨诱导作用明显,能减少骨的吸收,加速新骨形成,比单独应用髂骨植骨能明显提高临床成功率.     

小切口自体髂骨骨松质修复牙槽嵴裂及口鼻瘘的临床研究

目的：分析小切口自体髂骨骨松质修复牙槽嵴裂的手术方法及影响植骨成功的因素。方法：对同一术者所行牙槽嵴裂植骨术的唇腭裂患者22例进行临床研究，所有患者均有术前及术后6个月以上的完整资料。探讨植骨区X线影像的临床分级与手术年龄、手术类型、裂隙类型类型等的关系。结果：植入骨成活率95.8％，临床成功率为91.7％；（2）18岁以上年龄组、完全性唇腭裂组、双侧唇腭裂组患者植骨的临床成功率相对较低；（3）本组病例均采用小切口，以骨移植用圆筒形取骨器切取髂骨骨松质，局部创伤小，术后疼痛轻。结论：以骨移植用圆筒形取骨器通过小切口自体髂骨骨松质是进行牙槽嵴裂植骨的一种良好方法。（2）良好植骨床的形成和植骨区无张力的严密缝合是保证牙槽嵴裂植骨成功的关键；植骨时机是植骨成功是否的重要因素；（3）牙槽嵴裂的植骨效果与手术年龄、裂隙类型、裂侧类型等有关。     

髂骨松质骨移植修复牙槽嵴裂21例临床分析

目的:分析影响牙槽嵴裂修复术后效果的因素.方法:对2003-2007年收治的21例牙槽嵴裂患者,采用髂骨松质骨移植修复,术后随访3～12个月,拍摄X线片,分析患者年龄、裂隙类型、手术方法以及植骨来源对手术效果的影响.结果:①手术成功率为95.24%.临床成功率为90.48%;②植骨效果与植骨年龄有关;③单侧牙槽嵴裂手术成功率优于双侧牙槽嵴裂.结论:①手术年龄以9～11岁尖牙萌出前较为合适,年龄越小,植骨成功的可能性越大;②髂骨是良好的供骨源;③良好的植骨床形成、创口的无张力严密缝合是手术成功的关键.     

大龄腭裂患者同期腭裂修复与齿槽嵴裂植骨的临床观察

目的：探讨８岁以上单侧完全性腭裂患者同期腭裂修复与齿槽嵴裂植骨的可行性及植骨效果。方法：对３８例同期腭裂修复与齿槽嵴裂植骨的腭裂患者作回顾性研究。患者年龄８～２４岁,平均年龄为１４．８岁。分析手术时间、术中出血、术后恢复和创口愈合情况。术后随访１２月以上,对随访的Ｘ线片进行植骨效果的客观评价。结果：所有手术均顺利完成,平均手术时间比单纯改良兰氏腭裂修复手术多３７ｍｉｎ,没有明显增加术中出血量,患者     

颏部骨移植修复牙槽裂的临床研究

１６例单侧唇腭裂伴牙槽裂和１例双侧唇腭裂伴牙槽裂患者，用下颌正中联合区骨移植修得牙槽裂，术后随访时间平均１８个月，术后６个月，咬合Ｘ线片证明移植骨完全愈合，再造牙槽突的形态满意且无牙周并发症，手术后６个月Ｘ线片见供区愈合，下颌骨正中联合骨移植有并发症少，住院时间短，手术时间短而且可避免供区瘢痕等优点，本研究结果表明下颌正中联合区骨可用作为整复牙槽裂的供区。     

牙槽突植骨同期髂软骨移植治疗单侧唇腭裂术后鼻畸形

目的:介绍牙槽突植骨同期髂软骨移植治疗单侧唇腭裂术后鼻畸形的方法。方法:2003年3月～2004年3月,12例单侧唇腭裂术后严重鼻畸形患者在牙槽突植骨术的同时行鼻成形术,并切取部分髂软骨雕刻成"L"形,作为隆鼻支架移植于鼻背和鼻小柱处。所有患者术前、术后测量了鼻尖突度、鼻小柱高度、鼻孔横径、鼻孔纵径、鼻小柱偏斜度和鼻唇角,并拍摄面部照片。应用配对 t 检验对数据进行了比较。结果:术后患者鼻孔对称,鼻尖挺拔,鼻外形有了明显改观,术后鼻外形各项数值较术前有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:髂软骨移植可为患侧鼻翼软骨提供额外的支持,可用以治疗唇腭裂术后鼻畸形。     

Mandibular bone grafts for reconstruction of alveolar clefts

This study evaluated the effect of mandibular bone grafts for reconstruction of alveolar clefts. The study included 25 patients with cleft lip and alveolar process only and three patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, with a median postoperative follow-up of 8 months (range, 6 to 17 months). The bone grafts were obtained from below the mandibular incisors and canines through an intraoral approach. The marginal bone level achieved was satisfactory in all cases evaluated by occlusal radiographs; the radiographs also demonstrated that the bone grafts were totally integrated after 6 months in all cases. The morphology of the reconstructed alveolar process was satisfactory in all cases evaluated and no periodontal complications were seen. The donor site appeared healed radiologically in all cases 6 months after surgery. The advantages gained by using a mandibular bone graft as compared to an iliac crest graft include reduced morbidity, reduced hospitalization time, reduced operating time, and avoidance of scarring at the donor site. The results of the present study demonstrate that the mandibular symphysis can be used as donor site for reconstruction of small alveolar clefts.     

牙槽突裂植骨吸收率的测量分析

目的:应用螺旋CT三维重建比较牙槽突裂植骨术后不同时间骨量的变化及吸收率。方法:选取单侧完全性牙槽突裂患者,应用螺旋CT三维重建患者术前牙槽突裂隙,利用GE AW4.1软件感兴趣区(ROI)体积测量法对其术后1周、3个月、6个月的牙槽部植骨进行体积测量,获得体积变化数据。结果:术后3个月,植入骨量丧失35.74%;术后6个月,植入骨量丧失55.89%,且在牙槽部颊侧形成良好骨桥的前提下,植入骨在空间上仍有不同程度的吸收,在腭侧较少有骨桥形成。结论:牙槽突裂植入骨存在一定吸收,而且随着时间推移,骨量吸收相应增加。     

Retrospective analysis of secondary alveolar cleft grafts using iliac of chin bone

The osseous closure of alveolar clefts is an integral component of a comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with cleft lip and palate and has assumed an essential position in the reconstruction of cleft deformity. Our study consists of 35 patients aged between 7 and 11 years who received secondary bone grafting of their cleft alveolus over a 30 month period from July 1999 to December 2003. There were 22 (62.9%) males and 13 (37.1%) females. In 25 cases, bone graft was harvested from the iliac crest and in 10 others, from the mandibular symphysis. A total number of 41 osteoplasties was performed in the 35 patients. Twenty osteoplasties maintained an alveolar height up to 75% and approximately that number showed resorption varying between 50% and 75%. There was no case of complete resorption of graft. There were no serious periodontal pockets found. In all cases, the wound healed well, and there was no complication. Our experience demonstrates that secondary alveolar bone grafting is an efficacious method of rehabilitating patients with alveolar clefts.     

Histological evaluation of autogenous iliac particulate cancellous bone and marrow grafted to alveolar clefts--a preliminary report of five young adult cases.

OBJECTIVE: We histologically evaluated iliac particulate cancellous bone and marrow (PCBM) grafted to alveolar clefts in five young adults with cleft lip and palate. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Five young adults with cleft lip and palate underwent secondary alveolar bone grafting. The mean age of the patients was 21.2 years (range = 17 to 27 years). Bone specimens were taken from the graft site 5 to 10 months after the surgery simultaneously with implant fixture placement (two cases), vestibuloplasty (two cases), and rebone grafting (one case). These five bone specimens were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined microscopically. RESULT: One specimen, taken 5 months after surgery, showed immature trabecular bone partially lined by osteoblasts. The remaining four specimens showed well-mineralized trabeculae and fatty change in the marrow space. CONCLUSION: In young adult cases, PCBM remodeled after grafting and became mature bone about 5 to 6 months after the surgery.     

Bone graft healing in alveolar osteoplasty in patients with unilateral lip, alveolar process, and palate clefts

Secondary osteoplasty by means of autogenic spongy bone grafting is the most common procedure used in the reconstruction of the continuity of the maxillary alveolar process. The aim of the study was to analyze retrospectively the effect of certain factors on the course of the bone graft healing process in patients with unilateral complete clefts of the lip, alveolar process, and palate. The investigations involved 62 children aged 8 to 14 years (mean age, 11 years) with unilateral complete cleft of the lip, alveolar process, and palate operated on at the Clinic of Plastic Surgery in Polanica Zdrój from November 2007 to April 2009. All the procedures consisted in the reconstruction of the maxillary alveolar process by means of autogenic spongy bone grafting from the iliac bone. The analysis was performed on the basis of computed tomography scans presenting maxillary alveolar processes in the horizontal cross-sectional planes performed on the second or third postoperative day and after 6 months. They were used as the basis for the measurement of the volume and density (condensation) of the bone graft, the surface of its adhesion to the maxillary alveolar bone, and the volume and density of the healed bone. The following correlation coefficients were determined: between the adhesion surface of the bone to the alveolar bone and the volume of the healed bone, between the adhesion surface of the bone to the alveolar bone and the density of the healed bone, and between the density of the graft and the volume of the healed bone. Increasing the surface of the graft adhesion to the bone ridges of the alveolar cleft contributes to increased volume of the healed bone and slows down the increase in its density (on 6-month follow-up). Crushing of the bone graft increases its resorption and reduces volume of the healed bone.     

Mid Versus Late Secondary Alveolar Cleft Grafting Using Iliac Crest Corticocancellous Bone Graft

Background

Mid-secondary alveolar cleft repair performed at ages 9–12, in the mixed dentition stage, prior to eruption of the permanent canine, is generally accepted as the ideal time for residual alveolar cleft closure in cleft lip and palate cases with a cleft alveolus.

Methods

In our study, four cases of mid-secondary and five cases of late–secondary alveolar cleft grafting were carried out using iliac crest corticocancellous bone graft. Clinical defect closure and radiographic bone fill were compared.

Results

All the nine cases performed in the two different age groups showed excellent results, clinically, with complete closure of the cleft defect and achievement of continuity of the dental arches. One case was planned for a two-stage procedure owing to the large bilateral maxillary defects. Good bone fill was visualized radiographically in all nine cases.

Conclusion

Precise timing for undertaking alveolar cleft repair may not be all that crucial for a successful alveolar cleft grafting procedure.