乙型肝炎四项指标消长分析及其相互关系研究

目的 探讨HBV DNA与乙型肝炎聚合人血清白蛋白受体（PHSA－Re）、核心抗原（HBcAg）、e抗原（HBeAg）的相互关系。方法 采用荧光定量PCR法检测HBV－DNA，对其中浓度不同阳性102例和阴性36例进一步检测PHSA－Re,HBcAg和HBeAg。结果 102例HBV DNA阳性中PHSA－Re、HBcAg、HBeAg的阳性率分别占86.27%、82.35%、72.55%。36例HBV DNA阴性中PHSA－Re、HBcAg、HBeAg的阳性率分别占38.89%、80.56%、11.11%。PHSA－Re浓度与HBV DNA含量呈正相关递增。结论 HBV DNA阴性患者HBV复制和感染仍有并存，四项指标联合检测更能客观反映HBV复制与感染程度。     

HBeAg、HBcAg与HBV—DNA阳性结果相关分析

目的统计HBeAg、HBcAg与HBV—DNA阳性结果相关性，探讨其临床意义。方法采用ELISA和荧光-PCR方法对部分HBsAg阳性标本检测HBcAg和HBV—DNA，并对HBeAg、HBcAg及HBV—DNA阳性结果进行统计分析：并对我实验室2002年至2005年HBeAg与HBV—DNA阳性相关率进行回顾性分析。结果①HBeAg、HBcAg及HBV—DNA三者同时阳性占72．07％，HBeAg阳性、HBcAg及HBV—DNA阴性占10．51％．HBeAg及HBV—DNA阳性、HBcAg阴性占3．5％，HBeAg阴性、HBcAg及HBV—DNA阳性占10．14％．HBeAg及HBcAg阴性、HBV—DNA阳性占3．78％。②2002年至2005年HBeAg与HBV—DNA同时阳性占HheA异和／或HBV—DNA阳性总和的百分比分别是2002年87．63％、2003年85．15％、2004年80．76％、2005年75．57％。结论HBeAg、HBcAg及HBV—DNA三者高度正相关，但HBeAg及HBcAg操作简便．易于开展：HBeAg与HBV—DNA阳性相关率呈逐年下降趋势。     

乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性肝硬化患者前S1抗原、e抗原及乙型肝炎病毒DNA结果分析

目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性肝硬化患者血清中HBV前S1抗原(前S1抗原)、HBV e抗原(HBeAg)及HBV核酸定量检测(HBV DNA)相关性。方法 2008年7月-2011年5月对97例HBsAg阳性肝硬化住院患者和50份HBsAg阴性的健康体检者血清进行前S1抗原、HBV血清标志物检测及实时荧光定量PCR检测HBV DNA结果进行分析。结果 97份HBsAg阳性肝硬化患者血清中,前S1抗原、HBeAg及HBV DNA阳性率分别为53.6%(52/97)、22.7%(22/97)及61.8%(60/97)。22例HBeAg阳性血清中,前S1抗原阳性18例(81.8%),HBV DNA阳性20例(90.9%)。75例HBeAg阴性血清中,前S1抗原阳性34例(45.3%),HBV DNA阳性40例(53.3%),两者的前S1抗原与HBV DNA结果间都具有很好的相关性。HBV DNA含量与前S1抗原及HBeAg阳性结果显示:HBsAg阳性的肝硬化患者血清中HBV DNA阴性率为38.1%(含量<103 copies/mL),而阳性检出率HBV DNA含量主要集中在103～105 copies/mL,占81.7%(49/60),HBV DNA含量>105 copies/mL占18.3%(11/60)。结论 HBsAg阳性的肝硬化患者血清中主要以HBV非HBeAg阳性血清学模式为主,HBV DNA阳性检出率的含量主要集中在103～105 copies/mL。前S1抗原在HBeAg阳性血清中与其含有HBsAg病毒及HBeAg阳性患者具有很好的相关性,而在HBeAg阴性血清中存在着差异。     

慢性乙肝患者血清HBV DNA与HBeAg定量及ALT水平的相关性分析及临床意义

目的 研究慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者血清乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA含量与HBeAg定量及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平的相关性及其对CHB患者诊断、预后的意义.方法 采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)、化学发光法(CLIA)及酶法分别测定1 288例CHB患者血清HBV DNA、HBeAg含量及ALT水平.结果 1 288例HBV患者中HBeAg阳性组和阴性组HBV DNA检出率分别为75.3%和24.8%;不同载量HBV DNA组,HBeAg量相差显著,HBV DNA载量高,HBeAg量也高;ALT异常率在HBeAg阳性组的不同HBVDNA载量级中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在HBeAg阴性组中随HBV DNA载量级增大而增大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 HBV DNA载量与HBeAg量之间有显著相关性,HBeAg阳性组的HBV DNA阳性率及含量进一步证实了HBeAg确实是反映HBV复制活跃的一个可靠指标,HBeAg阴性时大多病毒复制减弱,但有少数HBV DNA载量为高拷贝时,其肝损伤程度与HBV DNA呈正相关.同时检测HBV DNA、HBeAg量及ALT水平对乙肝患者HBV感染、复制、传染性的判断、治疗方案的选择和疗效判断有一定的指导意义.     

乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原检测的临床价值

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原与乙型肝炎病毒DNA（HBVDNA）、乙型肝炎e抗原（HBeAg）、抗HBe（Anti—HBe）的相关性。方法 对450例乙肝患者血清进行酶免法（EIA）检测前S1抗原、微粒子酶免分析法（MEIA）检测HBeAg、定量PCR内标法检测HBV—DNA。同时对用MEIA检测乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物均阴性的72例正常健康人血清也进行前S1抗原检测。结果 450例HBV—DNA阳性的乙肝患者中，HBeAg阳性率为76．8％，前S1抗原的阳性率为61．5％，其中：前S1抗原的阳性率在HBeAg阳性患者中为61．6％、在抗-HBe阳性患者中为61．5％。HBV—DNA阳性情况下HBeAg阳性与HBeAg阴性患者的前s1抗原阳性率，两组经解检验，P〉0．05无明显差异。结论 前S1抗原、HBeAg与HBVDNA符合率较高，前S1抗原与HBeAg无明确相关。对无条件检测HBVDNA而HBeAg阴性的血清，检测前S1抗原，可起到提示病毒是否复制的补充作用，如与其他乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物同时检测，对临床会更有意义。     

乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原e抗原与乙型肝炎病毒DNA之间的相关分析

目的通过分析乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原(Pre-S1Ag)、e抗原(HBeAg)和乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA的相关性,以探讨其在诊断HBV复制的临床意义。方法收集临床HBV阳性血清标本237例和健康对照血清标本50例,分别用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测Pre-S1抗原和HBeAg,用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测HBV DNA的含量,然后对其进行相关分析。结果在237份HBsAg阳性血清中,Pre-S1Ag、HBeAg、HBV DNA阳性率分别为62.45%、39.24%、65.82%。Pre-S1Ag与HBeAg存在显著关联性(χ2=43.2,P<0.01);Pre-S1Ag与HBV DNA也存在显著关联性(χ2=138.3,P<0.01)。结论 Pre-S1Ag、HBeAg和HBV DNA有较好相关性,均能较好反映HBV病毒复制情况。     

乙型肝炎前S1抗原与HBV-DNA、HBeAg的关系及其临床价值

目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原与乙型肝炎病毒DNA(HBV-DNA)、乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)的相关性。方法对350例乙型肝炎患者血清进行酶免法(EIA)检测前S1抗原、HBeAg,定量PCR内标法检测HBV-DNA。同时对检测乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物均阴性的52例正常健康人血清也进行前S1抗原检测。结果350例HBV-DNA阳性的乙型肝炎患者中,HBeAg阳性率为85.1%,前S1抗原的阳性率为79.1%,其中前S1抗原的阳性率在HBeAg阳性患者中为79.2%。HBV-DNA阳性情况下,HBeAg阳性与HBeAg阴性患者的前S1抗原阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论前S1抗原、HBeAg与HBV-DNA符合率较高,前S1抗原与HBeAg无明确相关。对无条件检测HBV-DNA而HBeAg阴性患者的血清,检测前S1抗原,可起到提示病毒是否复制的补充作用。     

前S1抗原与乙型肝炎病毒DNA及HBeAg之间的相关性分析

目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)前S1抗原(PreS1Ag)与HBV-DNA,乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)的关系,了解前S1抗原的临床意义。方法对乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、HBeAg、乙型肝炎核心抗体(抗-HBc)阳性患者180例(HBeAg阳性组)和HBsAg、乙型肝炎e抗体(抗-HBe)、抗-HBc阳性患者110例(HBeAg阴性组)的血清分别用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测其PreS1Ag,及用PCR方法检测其HBV-DNA,通过检测结果进行统计学分析。结果 HBeAg阳性组中,HBV-DNA阳性为179例,阳性率99.4%,PreS1Ag阳性为163例,阳性率为90.6%,二者之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);HBeAg阴性组中,HBV-DNA阳性为51例,阳性率46.4%,PreS1Ag阳性为44例,阳性率为40.0%,两者之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 PreS1Ag与HBV-DNA有高度的相关性,可以作为HBV存在和复制的指标,并且其敏感性较HBeAg为高;PreS1Ag与HBeAg联合检测对判断HBV的存在和复制更有价值。     

HBsAg阳性者前S1抗原和HBV DNA检测的相关性探讨

目的 探讨HBsAg阳性者血清中HBV DNA及乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原(PreS1Ag)和乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)的关系及其临床应用价值.方法 对368例临床血清标本采用ELISA方法检测HBeAg和PreS1Ag,荧光定量PCR法检测HBV DNA.结果 HBeAg阳性组PreS1Ag阳性率为87.2%,HBV DNA阳性率为91.0%;HBeAg阴性组PreS1Ag阳性率为54.7%,HBV DNA阳性率为55.7%.患者血清PreS1Ag与HBV DNA结果无明显差异(P>0.05).结论 PreS1Ag与HBV DNA符合率较高,比HBeAg更能反映病毒复制情况,可作为一项新的病毒复制指标.     

HBV前S1抗原与HBV-DNA在判断HBV感染中的临床价值

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)前S1抗原与HBV-DNA在判断HBV感染中的临床应用价值.方法 选择2017年6月至2019年3月在西安高新医院与陕西省渭南市潼关县人民医院住院的乙型肝炎患者与门诊体检者206例为研究对象,其中HBV-DNA阳性125例[41例乙型肝炎病毒e抗原(HBeAg)阳性患者纳入HBeAg阳性组,84例HBeAg阴性患者纳入HBeAg阴性组].分析不同阳性标志物人群血清HBV前S1抗原、HBV-DNA的检测结果,比较HBeAg阳性组与HBeAg阴性组HBV前S1抗原、HBV-DNA的检测结果,以及部分乙型肝炎患者接受拉米夫定治疗前后的情况.结果 治疗前,乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、HBeAg、乙型肝炎核心抗体(HBcAb)同时阳性人群中,HBV-DNA、HBV前S1抗原、HBV前S1抗原联合HBV-DNA阳性率高于其他各项标志物阳性组合阳性率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗前,HBeAg阳性组HBV-DNA、HBV前S1抗原、HBV前S1抗原联合HBV-DNA阳性率高于HBeAg阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗后HBeAg、HBV前S1抗原、HBV-DNA检测阳性的例数少于治疗前,治疗后乙型肝炎病毒e抗体(HBeAb)检测阳性例数多于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 乙型肝炎诊断中,可以将HBV前S1抗原作为判断HBV感染的重要指标.     

NO and HNO donors,nitrones, and nitroxides: Past,present, and future

The biological effects attributed to nitric oxide (^?NO) and nitroxyl (HNO) have been extensively studied, propelling their array of putative clinical applications beyond cardiovascular disorders toward other age‐related diseases, like cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, the unique properties and reactivity of the N‐O bond enabled the development of several classes of compounds with potential clinical interest, among which ^?NO and HNO donors, nitrones, and nitroxides are of particular importance. Although primarily studied for their application as cardioprotective agents and/or molecular probes for radical detection, continuous efforts have unveiled a wide range of pharmacological activities and, ultimately, therapeutic applications. These efforts are of particular significance for diseases in which oxidative stress plays a key pathogenic role, as shown by a growing volume of in vitro and in vivo preclinical data. Although in its early stages, these efforts may provide valuable guidelines for the development of new and effective N‐O‐based drugs for age‐related disorders. In this report, we review recent advances in the chemistry of NO and HNO donors, nitrones, and nitroxides and discuss its pharmacological significance and potential therapeutic application.     

Lipid messenger, diacylglycerol, and its regulator, diacylglycerol kinase, in cells, organs, and animals: history and perspective

Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) metabolizes diacylglycerol (DG), a glycerolipid containing two acyl chains, to convert phosphatidic acid. DG is produced through phosphoinositide turnover within the membrane and is well known to act as a second messenger that modulates the activity of protein kinase C in the cellular signal transduction. Recent studies have revealed that DG also activates several proteins, including Ras guanine-nucleotide releasing protein and ion channels such as transient receptor potential proteins. Therefore, DGK is thought to participate in a number of signaling cascades by modulating levels of DG. Previous studies have disclosed that DGK is composed of a family of the isozymes, which differ in the structure, enzymological property, gene expression and localization, subcellular localization, and binding molecules. The present review focuses on the stories of phosphoinositide turnover and DG, including historical views, structural features, metabolism, and relevant cellular phenomena, together with the characteristics of DGK isozymes and the pathophysiological findings on animal studies using knockout mice and models for human diseases. Now it is being revealed that the structural and functional diversity and heterogeneity of and around DGK support the proper arrangement of the complex signal transduction machinery.     

Heat, cold, noise, and vibration

Exposure to a cold environment induces a number of physiological alterations, the most serious being hypothermia. This state can occur in all individuals, but the very young and the elderly are more susceptible. Environmental and industrially generated high ambient temperature can place further stress on aged individuals and workers, resulting in a complex symptom picture. Morbidity and death may result from such exposures. Causative factors have been identified. Noise exposure induces hearing losses above those secondary to the aging process. Psychophysiological effects during noise exposure are considered to result from the sympathetic activity secondary to a general stress reaction. Vibration from the use of power tools results in Raynaud's phenomenon. However, modification of power tools has reduced the symptoms associated with vibration exposure. Termination of exposure to vibration appears eventually to reduce symptoms related to white-finger spasms. Interaction between these stressors has not been clarified because of the complex effects of each. The need for additional information about the response to these stressors is evident.