充填方式对种植义齿固定螺丝孔粘接强度及密封性的影响研究

目的　研究不同充填方式封闭种植义齿固定螺丝孔对粘接强度及密封性的影响。方法　制作上颌第一前磨牙种植螺丝固位氧化锆冠试件80件,按照粘接前是否喷砂预处理、充填树脂种类、充填深度随机均分为8组,分别置于墨水溶液7 d,万能材料实验机上对螺丝孔内树脂充填体进行推出测试,记录树脂充填体脱粘接时的瞬间载荷,并取出树脂充填体,显微镜下观察记录并比较充填体染色的范围。结果    是否喷砂及树脂种类对粘接强度的影响均具有统计学意义（P < 0.01）;充填体厚度会显著影响粘接断裂载荷大小（P < 0.01）,但对粘接强度的影响无统计学意义（P = 0.09）。喷砂后使用3 mm流动树脂充填微渗漏最少,不喷砂使用2 mm膏状树脂微渗漏最严重,是否喷砂、树脂种类及充填体厚度均对微渗漏有显著影响（P < 0.05）。结论    固定螺丝孔表面喷砂处理可增加粘接强度,减少微渗漏。流动树脂封闭种植义齿固定螺丝孔可获得相似的密封性及高于普通膏状树脂的粘接强度。在一定范围内,增加充填体厚度有助于提高固定螺丝孔封闭树脂的咬合承受力并减少微渗漏。     

种植义齿固定螺丝封闭后微渗漏的定量测定

目的用定量测定葡萄糖含量的方法检测种植义齿固定螺丝孔的微渗漏，并比较四种光敏树脂对固定螺丝孔的封闭性。方法制备20个钛合金中空半圆柱体试件（高6mm，厚1mm，直径3mm，上1／2表面烤瓷0．5mm），试件内表面喷砂＋瓷层酸蚀处理后分成四组，分别用四种光敏树脂进行封闭，用葡萄糖氧化酶法（COD-POD法）测定各组微渗漏情况。结果四组试件间微渗漏具有显著差异（P〈0．01）。结论封闭材料是影响固定螺丝孔微渗漏的一个重要因素；GOD-POD法是一种能定量测定种植义齿固定螺丝孔微渗漏的方法。     

Er:YAG激光和Nd:YAG激光辅助的牙漂白对树脂充填体粘接强度和边缘微渗漏的影响

目的：评价Er:YAG激光和Nd:YAG激光辅助的牙漂白对釉质表面树脂充填体粘接强度和边缘微渗漏的影响。方法：将离体牙制备成釉质测试试件（n=64）后随机分为4组（n=16），包括对照组、传统漂白组、Er:YAG激光辅助的漂白组和Nd:YAG激光辅助的漂白组。4组试件分别处理后，检测其釉质表面树脂充填体的剪切粘接强度（n=8）和微渗漏深度（n=8），利用体视显微镜观察各组试件的断裂模式。采用SPSS 26.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：与对照组相比，传统漂白后釉质表面树脂充填体的粘接强度显著下降，边缘微渗漏显著增加(P<0.05);Er:YAG激光辅助的漂白后釉质表面充填体的剪切粘接强度和微渗漏深度与对照组相比无显著差异（P>0.05）,Nd:YAG激光辅助的漂白后树脂充填体的剪切粘接强度显著下降（P<0.05），但其边缘微渗漏深度与对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。4组试件的粘接断裂模式主要为粘接界面断裂。结论：相比传统漂白方法，激光辅助的牙漂白对树脂充填体粘接强度和微渗漏的影响较小，具有一定的临床优势。     

MDP对氧化锆陶瓷粘接性能的提高及微渗漏评价

目的评价两种包含磷酸酯单体MDP的氧化锆底涂剂结合或不结合喷砂处理对提高氧化锆陶瓷与树脂粘接强度和边缘封闭的影响。方法对比氧化锆陶瓷应用包含MDP的氧化锆底涂剂结合或不结合氧化铝喷砂处理时对树脂的粘接强度。单纯对氧化锆陶瓷进行氧化铝喷砂处理作为阴性对照组。使用亚甲基蓝染色法评价以上不同处理的氧化锆与树脂间的微渗漏情况。结果单纯喷砂处理显示了最低的粘接强度,应用包含MDP的氧化锆底涂剂能够增加氧化锆陶瓷与树脂的粘接强度,在应用底涂剂前进行氧化铝喷砂处理能够进一步增加与树脂的粘接强度。单纯喷砂组显示了最严重的微渗漏,应用包含MDP的底涂剂时,不论是否经过喷砂处理,微渗漏程度均降低。结论喷砂结合氧化锆底涂剂是提高氧化锆陶瓷粘接的较好方法。     

不同光固化充填材料边缘微渗漏比较研究

目的    评价不同光固化充填材料对窝洞充填修复边缘微渗漏的影响。方法    收集2015年6—12月于中国医科大学附属口腔医院就诊患者因正畸需要而拔除的健康前磨牙60颗,在牙体牙合面制备Ⅰ类洞型后将离体牙随机均分成3组,分别充填Z350树脂（A组）、预热后Z350树脂（B组）和SonicFill声波树脂（C组）。采用染料渗入法进行修复边缘微渗漏试验,在体视显微镜下检测洞壁的微渗漏情况。结果    各组样本均可见微渗漏,C组微渗漏程度明显小于A、B组,差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）;而B组与A组的微渗漏程度差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论    3种光固化充填材料修复边缘都可能发生微渗漏,SonicFill声波树脂较Z350树脂充填可明显减少微渗漏的发生。     

渗透树脂对树脂充填体釉质边缘漂白后微渗漏的影响研究#br#

目的    研究渗透树脂对树脂充填体釉质边缘漂白后微渗漏的影响。方法    选择由郑州大学第一附属医院口腔颌面外科门诊提供的因阻生而拔除的第三磨牙45颗,并在其颊面颈部制备V类洞。将所有离体牙随机分为3组,每组15颗,根据操作方法分别记为树脂充填组、树脂充填+冷光美白组和树脂充填+冷光美白+渗透树脂组。3组离体牙充填后进行500次冷热温度循环,然后在2%的碱性品红溶液中浸泡24 h,把离体牙沿颊舌向纵向剖开,用体式显微镜观察,并用S-EYE软件测量染料渗透深度。结果    3组染料渗透深度总的比较,差异有统计学意义（H = 10.182,P < 0.05）。其中,树脂充填+冷光美白组染料渗透深度大于树脂充填组和树脂充填+冷光美白+渗透树脂组,差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）;树脂充填+冷光美白+渗透树脂组染料渗透深度与树脂充填组相比,差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论    漂白剂加重了树脂充填体边缘的微渗漏,同时渗透树脂的应用能有效减少漂白剂对树脂充填体边缘微渗漏的影响。     

Carisolv在乳磨牙龋治疗中效能的体外研究

目的比较Carisolv和传统手机在乳磨牙龋病治疗中去龋后窝洞表面微形态、充填后微渗漏情况及微拉伸粘接强度。方法 96颗离体龋坏乳磨牙,随机分成2组,分别用Carisolv和手机去龋,用扫描电镜观察窝洞表面形态,微渗漏发生情况,并测试微拉伸粘接强度。结果 Carisolv去龋组的牙本质表面牙本质小管口清晰可见,充填后微渗漏的发生与手机去龋组有统计学意义（Z=4.831,P〈0.05）,2组充填后的牙本质粘接强度差异无统计学意义（t=1.89,P〉0.05）。结论 Carisolv能有效去除玷污层,显著减少术后微渗漏的发生,对牙本质粘接强度无显著影响。     

树脂材料封闭种植义齿固定螺丝孔作用研究

种植义齿修复完成后，常规在固定螺丝就位后与接圈面处形成孔进行充填，目的是恢复咬、隔离口腔环境．临床中应用哪种为好？本实验对ＥＢ复合树脂，自凝树脂，ＤｕｒａｆｉｌＶＳ和Ｂａｙｅｒ光固化树脂进行密封作用评价，结果显示：选用ＥＢ和光固化（Ｄｕｒａｆｉｌ，Ｂａｙｅｒ）树脂材料封闭固定螺丝孔效果较好     

种植义齿固定螺丝孔微渗漏原因分析

目的：比较4种光固化复合树脂对种植义齿固定螺丝孔的封闭效果,观察有机硅烷偶联剂对固定螺丝孔微渗漏的影响,分析冷热循环试验对固定螺丝孔微渗漏的影响。方法：制备80个钛合金中空半圆柱状试件(上1/2表面烤瓷,内表面喷砂+酸蚀处理),分为偶联剂和非偶联剂组,分别用4种光固化树脂进行封闭,各组再作对比冷热循环试验。用葡萄糖氧化酶-过氧化物酶法(GOD-POD)测量微渗漏情况,采用SAS 11.10软件包对数据进行方差分析。结果：4种光固化复合树脂间、偶联剂组与非偶联剂组间、冷热循环组与对照组间微渗漏均有显著差异(P<0.01)。在对封闭材料(A因素)、偶联剂处理(B因素)、冷热循环试验(C因素)三因素的交互作用分析中发现,只有B因素与C因素间具有交互作用(P<0.01);AB间、AC间、ABC间则均无交互作用(P>0.05)。结论：封闭材料是影响固定螺丝孔微渗漏的一个重要因素。使用偶联剂可有效减少黏结界面的微渗漏,实验试件对冷热循环试验的耐受性差。     

喷砂制洞和复合树脂充填对邻牙合面洞细菌微渗漏影响的实验研究

目的通过离体牙细菌微渗漏实验,评估喷砂制洞、5种树脂类材料和银汞合金充填对邻牙合面洞边缘封闭质量的影响.方法将48个完整无龋的离体前磨牙及第三磨牙随机分为两个实验组,第一组采用常规涡轮机裂钻制备窝洞,第二组采用喷砂制洞.所有实验样本制备邻牙合面洞模型,近中牙合面洞的颈缘位于釉质区,远中牙合面洞的颈缘位于根部牙骨质区.用树脂材料充填窝洞,在37℃厌氧环境下浸泡于细菌悬液中20 h.然后通过组织学检查评估细菌渗漏情况.结果所有实验组与对照组银汞合金之间存在显著差异(P<0.01).CLEARFIL AP-X/SE BOND的边缘封闭质量与DURAFILL VS、P-50的差异最显著(P<0.01);喷砂制洞与传统切割制洞对于细菌渗漏情况的影响无明显差异(P>0.05);近(远)中壁微渗漏较颈壁严重(P<0.05).结论树脂材料比银汞合金具有更好的边缘封闭效果,更适合于后牙的充填修复;喷砂技术用于窝洞处理不能减少细菌的微渗漏.     

不同含氟试剂的热凝树脂释氟率的比较研究

目的比较不同含氟试剂的热凝树脂释氟率,为寻找适宜的预防义齿基牙龋的氟试剂和氟含量提供理论依据。方法将NaF、Na2PO3F、CaF23种试剂分别制成含氟5%、10%、15%、20%的热凝树脂块(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯),于100ml去离子水中浸泡。选择电极法测定各浸泡液中氟释放量。结果同浓度下各含氟试剂块氟释放量为NaF>Na2PO3F>CaF2,且含氟浓度越高氟释放量也越大。结论各含氟树脂块均能释放氟离子。     

老年人可摘局部义齿修复对基牙的影响

目的:分析研究老年人可摘局部义齿修复后对基牙的影响,探讨其原因及预防措施。方法:对95例牙列缺失后的老年人行冷弯卡环固位式可摘局部义齿修复,记录和比较戴可摘局部义齿后基牙和非基牙的龋坏率和缺失率,用χ2检验分析其结果有无差异,并对影响基牙的原因进行分析。结果:戴用可摘局部义齿5a后,基牙的患龋率(17.38%)显著高于非基牙(7.10%);因牙折、牙周病松动及龋坏无法保留而拔除的基牙缺失率(27.01%)也显著高于非基牙(7.79%)(P<0.01)。结论:冷弯卡环固位可摘局部义齿修复后在一定程度上可增加老年人基牙的患龋率和缺失率。     

多乐氟预防可摘局部义齿基牙患龋的临床研究

目的 观察多乐氟对可摘局部义齿基牙的防龋效果. 方法 行可摘局部义齿修复的牙列缺损患者100例,采用自身对照的方法,患者修复义齿后,随机选择一侧基牙作为试验侧基牙组涂布多乐氟,半年重复1次,对照侧基牙组做空白对照,3年后复诊检查可摘局部义齿基牙的龋坏情况. 结果 试验侧基牙组患龋率为24. 7%(40/162),低于对照侧基牙组41. 9%(67/160),差异具有统计学意义(χ2 =10. 71,P<0. 01). 结论 可摘局部义齿基牙涂布多乐氟可有效预防龋病的发生.     

口腔卫生与可摘局部义齿基牙健康关系的研究

目的：观察可摘局部义齿（ｒｅｍｏｖａｂｌｅｐａｒｔｉａｌｄｅｎｔｕｒｅｓ，ＲＰＤｓ）基牙健康状况与患者口腔卫生的关系，以分析ＲＰＤｓ对口腔微生态系的影响因素。方法：根据有关标准和参考资料，测定患者简易口腔卫生指数、检查基牙牙体牙周组织发病情况、询问记录患者对义齿的使用保护情况及其口腔卫生习惯。结果：患者基础口腔卫生状况、对义齿使用保护情况及口腔卫生习惯，均与基牙健康密切相关，具有统计学意义。结论：患者口腔卫生状况与义齿基牙健康密切相关，而且是决定ＲＰＤｓ对口腔微生态系影响程度的重要因素。     

A clinical study of the periodontal status of abutment teeth supporting swinglock removable partial dentures—A pilot study

Eleven patients wearing mandibular swinglock bilateral distal extension removable partial dentures opposing maxillary complete dentures were studied for a period up to 2 years. They had moderate to advanced periodontal disease with retrograde mobility patterns. Periodontal therapy, as well as treatment of dental carious lesions, was completed before fabrication of the prosthesis. Recordings of the gingival status, pocket depth, plaque score, tooth mobility, and dental caries were made at the time of the placement of the prosthesis and thereafter at 6-month intervals. Final results were obtained at the end of 2 years in six patients (group A) and at 1/12 years in five patients (group B).Our findings show that both groups had a statistically significant increase in gingival inflammation. However, no differences in degree of inflammation were observed between the two groups with regard to the status of gingival tissues that were covered and uncovered by the components of the swinglock removable partial denture. Also, no statistically significant differences in pocket depths and plaque scores were found between the time of placement of the swinglock removable partial denture and the final recall visit. Of the 61 abutment teeth, 85.2% had no significant change in mobility, 11.5% showed a substantial decrease in mobility, and 3.3% showed a considerable increase in mobility.The patients were able to successfully wear the swinglock removable partial denture without clinically significant changes in the supporting structures of the abutment teeth.This report is part of an ongoing study to determine the efficacy of swinglock removable partial dentures.     

Relationship of removable partial denture use to root caries in an older population.

The pattern and severity of root caries in a selected older population, living in the community and attending a general dental practice in Bexhill, East Sussex, England, is reported. A total of 146 patients were examined to determine the relationship among removable partial dentures, their design, and root caries. Of those patients, 57% wore removable dentures and had a higher prevalence of exposed root surfaces and root caries, particularly on abutment teeth. In addition, root caries lesions on abutment surfaces were found to be larger and more active than those on nonabutment surfaces.     

Periodontal findings in patients 10 years after insertion of removable partial dentures

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the changes in the periodontal conditions of patients wearing different designs of removable partial dentures over long-term. Seventy-four patients treated with 101 mainly conical crown-retained dentures (CCRDs) or clasp-retained removable partial dentures (RPDs) or a combination of conical crown and clasp-retained dentures (CRPDs) were re-examined 10 years after insertion. Periodontal findings were compared with baseline values at insertion. A deterioration of the probing depths (PDs) and tooth mobility was found. The abutment teeth of the RPDs suffered more severe deterioration than the abutment teeth of the CCRDs and the CRPDs. The absence of a regular recall system for the patients may be responsible for this outcome.     

Clinical application of removable partial dentures using thermoplastic resin—Part I: Definition and indication of non-metal clasp dentures

This position paper proposes a definition and naming standard for removable partial dentures (RPDs) using thermoplastic resin, and presents a guideline for clinical application. A panel of 14 experts having broad experience with clinical application of RPDs using thermoplastic resin was selected from members of the Japan Prosthodontic Society. At a meeting of the panel, “non-metal clasp denture” was referred as the generic name of RPDs with retentive elements (resin clasps) made of thermoplastic resin. The panel classified non-metal clasp dentures into two types: one with a flexible structure that lacks a metal framework and the other having a rigid structure that includes a metal framework. According to current prosthetic principles, flexible non-metal clasp dentures are not recommended as definitive dentures, except for limited cases such as patients with a metal allergy. Rigid non-metal clasp dentures are recommended in cases where patients will not accept metal clasps for esthetic reasons. Non-metal clasp dentures should follow the same design principles as conventional RPDs using metal clasps.     

Clinical examination and interleukin-1beta levels in gingival crevicular fluid in patients treated with removable partial dentures

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to investigate the periodontal status and susceptibility to periodontal disease progression of the teeth in contact with removable partial dentures (RPD) and to compare them with control teeth in mouths not restored with a partial denture, by means of both clinical parameters and interleukin (IL)-1beta levels in gingival crevicular fluid. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight periodontally healthy patients were selected for the study; 14 of them were treated with mandibular Kennedy Class I RPDs, and the other 14 patients were not restored for control. Clinical periodontal measurements were assessed, and crevicular fluid samples were collected from both abutment and control teeth to determine IL-1beta levels, which were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These procedures were performed both at baseline and 9 months after the insertion of the dentures. RESULTS: The wearing of RPDs resulted in statistically higher clinical scores and total IL-1beta levels compared to the baseline examination. In contrast, no statistically significant differences were found between baseline and 9-month examinations in the control group. CONCLUSION: RPDs are a risk factor for periodontal disease progression because of increased plaque accumulation associated with increased total IL-1beta levels and impaired clinical periodontal parameters.     

游离端义齿修复中太极扣附着体对基牙牙周的影响

目的研究单侧后牙游离缺失修复中太极扣附着体对基牙牙周健康的影响。方法选择肯氏Ⅱ类缺损患者20例,采用太极扣附着体修复。纵向观察修复前、修复后2周、修复后6个月第一、二、三基牙的牙周指数及牙槽骨吸收情况,并进行统计学分析。结果太极扣附着体修复后牙游离缺失后2周和修复后6个月内,义齿稳定,固位良好。第一、二、三基牙牙龈指数、菌斑指数、探诊深度在治疗前、修复后2周之间的差异,以及治疗前、修复后6个月之间的差异均无统计学意义;基牙X线根尖片未见根尖病变,未见明显牙周膜增宽、牙槽骨吸收或高度降低;修复前基牙的松动度在进行联冠修复后有所降低。结论太极扣附着体应用于游离端义齿修复对基牙牙周健康未见不利影响。