医学影像学专业应用型人才培养模式的建构

探讨了医学影像专业应用型人才培养模式,从培养方案、课程设置、教学内容、教学方法、教学手段、实践教学六个方面进行教学改革。结果显示,医学影像专业应用型人才培养模式的构建有助于学生知识、能力、素质的全面提高,为医学影像学专业应用型人才培养提供了借鉴作用。     

客观结构化临床考试在医学影像学专业临床教学考核中的应用

为探讨适合医学影像技术学专业临床教学考核的客观结构化临床考试（OSCE ）模式,本研究对我院2007级～2009级4年制医学影像学专业104人在实习结束后进行OSCE技能考核,运用统计学方法评估技能考核成绩难度系数、信度,正态分布情况,并进行问卷调查,分析OSCE在临床技能考核教学评价中的可行性,从而为应用型医学影像技术人才培养考核的评价方式改革提供一些参考依据。     

基于应用型人才培养的医学影像检查技术学教改实践

医学影像检查技术学是一门实践性很强的医学影像学专业必修课。在教学实践过程中通过改进教学方法、实施实验室开放制度、建设PACS实验室等措施,提高教学质量,将有助于应用型医学影像学人才培养。     

医学影像学专业大学生的实践与创新能力培养

新医科的提出为医工融合、医工学科交叉带来了新的发展机遇,对医学类高等教育教学也提出了新的要求。文章从医学影像学专业实际情况入手,根据切身的教育教学实践,从创新型医学人才培养模式、人才培养的阶段特征、潜在问题及措施等方面,阐述了面向医学影像学专业高等教育大学生实践与创新能力培养提升的模式和方法,以期为该专业或相近专业创新实践教育提供一定的借鉴。     

康复治疗学专业应用型人才培养模式实践教学体系的构建与实践

分析了康复治疗学专业应用型人才培养的迫切性、必要性、实用性以及当前人才培养的实践教学现状和存在的问题,并就我校构建康复治疗学专业应用型人才培养模式的实践教学建设和举措进行论述,以期为应用型人才培养的实践教学改革与体系构建提供依据。     

药学专业“四共建五协同”应用型人才培养模式构建与实践

产教融合协同育人是提升应用型人才培养质量的重要措施。药学专业应用型人才培养模式改革涉及人才培养方案调整、体制机制效能提高、师资队伍活力增强、平台载体内涵创新、课程教学体系重构等多方面,滨州医学院药学专业立足“服务地方经济发展和培养高质量应用型人才”的人才培养定位,通过构建“四共建五协同”药学应用型人才培养模式,建立校企合作长效利益机制和产教融合教学培养体系,促进教育链、人才链与产业链、创新链有机衔接,有效突破了制约药学应用型人才培养目标实现的瓶颈,提高了药学应用型人才培养质量,探索出校企合作培养医药产业应用型人才的创新路径。     

构建医学影像学专业成人医学教育人才培养模式的探讨

目的 探讨医学影像学专业成人医学教育人才培养模式的构建.方法 借鉴医学教育国际标准,参考中国本科医学教育标准,引入比较影像学、循证医学教学方式,注重培养学生终身学习的理念和能力,提高学生综合素质.结果 医学影像学专业成人医学教育人才培养模式扩大了学生的知识面,提高了学生的临床实践能力,为社会提供了优质的医药卫生人力资源.结论 构建医学影像学专业成人医学教育人才培养模式,可以提高医学影像学专业成人医学教育的质量.     

构建医学影像学专业成人医学教育人才培养模式的探讨

目的 探讨医学影像学专业成人医学教育人才培养模式的构建.方法 借鉴医学教育国际标准,参考中国本科医学教育标准,引入比较影像学、循证医学教学方式,注重培养学生终身学习的理念和能力,提高学生综合素质.结果 医学影像学专业成人医学教育人才培养模式扩大了学生的知识面,提高了学生的临床实践能力,为社会提供了优质的医药卫生人力资源.结论 构建医学影像学专业成人医学教育人才培养模式,可以提高医学影像学专业成人医学教育的质量.     

英国医学影像工程与技术教育对我国该学科发展的启示

文章详细地分析了英国医学影像工程与技术的发展动态,以及他们在人才培养模式、教学手段、课程设置、专业走向等方面的特点,并与我国医学影像工程与技术专业进行了比较。文中结合我国传统医学影像工程与技术专业的教学状况以及牡丹江医学院近年来医学影像工程与技术专业建设与发展的体会,对如何完善我国影像工程与技术专业建设、凝练其课程体系、使实践教学、科研与理论教学相融合进行了建设性的探讨。     

医学影像检查技术学实验课程的改革与创新

目的:探索医学影像专业医学影像检查技术学实验课程的改革。方法:在改革教学理念的前提下,对现有实验教学资源优化以及运用计算机仿真技术,创建了具有自主知识产权、特色鲜明、高效的数字化实验室和多功能实验室,在此基础上进行实验课目的设计和实验模式的改革。结果:提高了专业教学质量,促进了对学生实践能力的培养。结论:改革实验教学模式,建设创新性实验室,完善实验课程体系,不仅是医学影像专业课程建设和人才培养的需要,也是未来医学影像诊断专业长学制和研究生培养的需要。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.