食盐中碘的溴邻苯三酚红褪色光度测定法

碘是人体生长发育、新陈代谢不可缺少的重要元素，人体摄入的碘量过多或过少都会引起各种疾病。我国在食盐中加碘是防止碘缺乏病最有效、最主要、最经济和最简单的方法。吸光光度法测定微量碘的常用方法有淀粉-碘蓝法和萃取光度法，也有用催化光度法。为了解决标准方法中步骤烦琐、终点不易观察、灵敏度及准确度低等不足。笔者目前以碘酸钾形式加入的碘盐，提出了用碘酸根氧化溴邻苯三酚红褪色吸光光度法测定碘盐中的碘。     

焦酚红钼酸物的染色法和尿十项试纸对尿液总蛋白检测的比较

目的比较尿总蛋白定性和定量之间的关系。方法我们采用BAYER的Multistix10SG尿十项试纸对样品进行定性分析;同时我们采用焦酚红钼酸物的染色法对样品进行定量分析。结果使用焦酚红钼酸物的染色法检测的结果与尿十项试纸测定结果有差异。结论尿总蛋白测定以采用定量和定性相结合的原则检测,定性检测只适宜作初筛试验,定量测定是对可疑病例的补充。     

用回归法消除溶血对总蛋白测定的影响

目的溶血对总蛋白（TP）测定结果有正干扰作用,但干扰的具体情况及干扰有无规律性目前还没有多少人研究,该文旨在探讨出溶血对总蛋白测定的影响规律。方法用正常人混合血清将血红蛋白（Hb）标准液配制成系列标准溶血标本和一个非溶血标本（即混合血清标本）,用双缩脲法测定这些溶血标本和非溶血标本的血清总蛋白,得出不同浓度溶血标本的TP增高值,然后用回归法对数据进行处理。结果发现不同程度的溶血对总蛋白测定结果的影响呈明显的正比例关系．相关系数r=0．9998。结论在日常工作中,碰到溶血标本．就可以用回归法很方便地消除溶血对总蛋白测定的影响,无需重新抽血测定。     

不同检测条件下血清总蛋白测定结果的偏倚分析

目的通过不同检测仪器、试剂和校准物测定同一血清样本中血清总蛋白的含量,研究影响检测结果的因素,为临床准确检测血清总蛋白含量提供参考依据。方法在全国范围内选取813家医院,以全部血清总蛋白的测定结果剔除离群值后得出的均值作为血清总蛋白含量的靶值,根据靶值计算出各个检测部门检测结果的偏倚,剔除样本量较小(小于25)的检测部门,然后用SPSS14.0软件对不同检测条件下检测结果的偏倚进行方差分析,确定对血清总蛋白检测结果的影响因素。结果不同的检测仪器检测同一血清样本总蛋白含量的结果其差异无统计学意义(F=1.211,P=0.300)。不同的检测试剂和不同的校准物检测同一血清样本总蛋白含量的结果其差异有统计学意义(F=5.311,P0.01;F=5.592,P0.01)。结论血清总蛋白测定主要与试剂和校准物有关。     

干化学酯酶法检测尿液白细胞的影响因素分析

目的探讨干化学酯酶法检测尿液白细胞的影响以及该种方法是否可以完全取代显微镜法对于尿液中白细胞的检查。方法选择我院从2007年1月-2008年1月检测的尿液样本726例,分别采用两种方法检测尿液中的白细胞进行对比分析,采用回顾性分析方法对于干化学酯酶法检测尿液白细胞的影响因素进行分析。结果 726例尿液样本中,通过显微镜镜检阳性242例,阴性484例,酯酶法检测阳性293例,阴性433例。计算出酯酶法检测阳性结果预期值为82.59%,阴性结果预期值89.46%,总有效率为85.95%。酯酶法与显微镜镜检不符合标本共102例。统计分析显示干化学其他异常结果对酯酶法有明显影响(P〈0.01)。结论综上所述,影响干化法分析的干扰因素较多,一些因素会使检测结果出现假阳性、假阴性的情况,所以在进行干化法检测后还是要用显微镜法进行复核检查,这样才能保证检测结果准确性,为医生最终做出正确诊断提供检测数据上的帮助。     

检测大鼠尿金属硫蛋白竞争ELISA法的建立和初步应用

目的建立竞争酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)用以检测大鼠尿金属硫蛋白(UMT)的含量。方法用标准MT抗原包被酶标板,加入待测样品或标准MT与包被MT竞争鼠抗MT抗体(一抗)。再加入生物素化抗大鼠IgG(二抗)与一抗进行反应,然后在二抗联与亲和素化辣根过氧化物酶使底物显色,根据吸光度值计算样品浓度。结果该方法在150~2.34μg/ml间线性关系良好(r=0.9899);批内精密度为3.38%~6.43%,批间精密度为5.32%~9.38%;加标回收率为90.13%~96.40%;雄性和雌性大鼠UMT含量分别为17.74μg/mgCr和15.97μg/mgCr。结论该方法简便,灵敏,具有较好的精密度和准确度,可用于大鼠UMT的检测。正常大鼠尿中含有MT,但雄性和雌性大鼠之间UMT无明显差异。     

亚甲蓝/光化学法病毒灭活对血浆总蛋白含量和凝血因子Ⅷ的影响

目的了解亚甲蓝光化学法灭活血浆病毒的过程中,血浆中总蛋白含量和凝血因子Ⅷ变化情况。方法将含有0.93~1.33μmoL/L亚甲蓝的血浆置医用血浆病毒灭活柜中,经光照强度为(35000~38000)LX的可见光照射35min。结果经亚甲蓝光化学法处理后,血浆中的总蛋白含量和凝血因子Ⅷ没有明显变化。结论亚甲蓝光化学法灭活血浆病毒对血浆中总蛋白含量和凝血因子Ⅷ影响不明显。     

双缩脲法和溴甲酚绿法测定胸腹水总蛋白和白蛋白的检测范围评价

目的:确定双缩脲法测定胸腹水总蛋白和溴甲酚绿法测定胸腹水白蛋白的检测限,并做其检测范围线性评价。方法:制备空白样品,选择近检测限和病理高值的病人样品。在日立7600全自动生化分析仪上分别用双缩脲法测定总蛋白和溴甲酚绿法测定白蛋白,做检测低限和生物检测限分析,采用EP-6P做线性评价和多项式做线性评价。结果:双缩脲法测定胸腹水总蛋白的检测低限为0.47 g/L,生物检测限为1.33 g/L,2.5 g/L~49.7 g/L范围内线性符合临床要求。溴甲酚绿法测定白蛋白的检测低限为0.44 g/L,生物检测限为0.98 g/L,1.2 g/L~35.2 g/L范围内线性符合临床要求。结论:双缩脲法测定胸腹水总蛋白和溴甲酚绿法测定胸腹水白蛋白能满足临床要求。     

用微孔板微量测定血清总蛋白的评价

建立血清总蛋白双缩脲法在微孔板中运用酶标生化分析仪微量测定.方法学研究证明该法的精密度及准确度较好,且样品微量、性能稳定、检测快速、操作简便等优点,报道如下.     

An automated method for the determination of total trichloro-compounds in human urine

Summary An automated method is developed for the determination of total trichloro-compounds in human urine. Based on the oxidative conversion of total trichloro-compounds to trichloroacetic acid and colorimetric determination with Fujiwara reaction, the method is highly reproducible at the performance rate of 20 determinations per hr. The results obtained by the automated method well agree with those by the manual method.     

Honey increased saliva, plasma, and urine content of total nitrite concentrations in normal individuals

This study investigated effects of oral honey solution on total nitrite, a stable nitric oxide metabolite, in saliva, plasma, and urine samples collected from normal subjects. Fourteen adult healthy volunteers, 25-50 years old, nine males and three females, were enrolled in the study. Total nitrite was estimated in saliva, plasma, and urine after 14 hours of food fasting. Each subject was then asked to drink honey solution (80 g of raw honey dissolved in 250 mL of water). Saliva and blood samples were collected at 1, 2, and 3 hours after ingestion of honey solution for total nitrite assay, while urine samples were collected after 3 hours for total nitrite assay. The mean total fasting nitrite in saliva was 108 +/- 61.3 micromol/L, which was increased to 130 +/- 62.9, 131.2 +/- 59, and 135.1 +/- 64.3 micromol/L at 1, 2, and 3 hours, respectively. Plasma total nitrite was 22.41 +/- 16.22 micromol/L before drinking honey, which was increased to 34.71 +/- 18.13, 29.38 +/- 14.29, and 33 +/- 13.09 micromol/L at 1, 2, and 3 hours, respectively, after drinking honey. Urine total nitrite before drinking honey was 75.8 +/- 54.79 micromol/L, which was increased to 107.8 +/- 70.83 micromol/L 3 hours after ingestion of honey solution. Although not statistically significant, honey solution showed a tendency to increase total nitrite concentration in different biological fluids from humans, including saliva, plasma, and urine.     

顶空法测定食品中亚硝酸盐

目的：建立一种气相色谱测定食品中亚硝酸盐的方法。方法：采用顶空法进样技术，用气相色谱进行定量测定。结果：本方法的最低检出限为0．86μg，若取样5g，则最低检出浓度为0．43mg／kg，线性范围1．2～1200μg。相关系数r=0.9997，回归方程Y=0.123X＋1．15。结论：该方法操作简便，抗干扰能力强，线性范围宽，检测限低，可用于肉制食品中亚硝酸盐的测定，是一个较为理想的检测方法。     

尿样中三甲基氯化锡测定方法的研究

目的建立尿样中三甲基氯化锡的测定方法。方法尿样中三甲基氯化锡经乙酸乙酯萃取后用毛细管气相色谱分离-质谱定性定量(GC/MS)检测。结果尿样中三甲基氯化锡浓度在0.776～19.400mg/L范围内呈线性关系,相关系数为0.9999,最低检出浓度为0.01mg/L(取尿样10ml)。相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.4%～8.6%,回收率为99.4%～110.0%,样品在-20℃冰箱中至少可保存半年。结论方法适用于尿样中三甲基氯化锡的检测。     

心理干预对脑卒中患者康复的影响

目的观察心理干预对脑卒中患者康复的影响。方法将康复措施相同的脑卒中患者随机分为心理干预组和对照组，于试验前和试验后满6～8周时分别用量表测试以评定效果。结果脑卒中患者在常规药物治疗和康复训练的基础上进行心理干预可获得更好的康复效果。结论脑卒中康复治疗中应重视和加强心理干预。     

Determination of total pentachlorophenol in the urine of workers

Summary Free pentachlorophenol (PCP) represents a small and variable fraction of total PCP excreted in the urine of exposed workers. A method incorporating hydrolysis is essential to be able to relate PCP excretion to absorbed dose.3,5-Dichloro-2,4,6-tribromophenol (DTP) is added as an internal standard to a urine sample which is then acidified and steam-distilled. The distillate is made alkaline and extracted with methylene chloride to remove interferences. The distillate is then acidified and the phenols extracted into methylene chloride. The extract is evaporated, redissolved in acetonitrile and the PCP is measured using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a 15 × 0.46 cm Spherisob-ODS 5 m column with isocratic elution (H₂O:CH₃CN: CH₃CO₂H, 45: 55: 0.3 v/v). Detection is by fixed wavelength detector at 313 nm and calculation by the method of internal standardization.The biological threshold value used to trigger action to reduce exposure is 7 mg/l (corrected to a specific gravity of 1.024).     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定尿中砷的方法研究

目的通过比对和评估不同模式和内标条件下的尿砷测定结果,建立和优化电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定尿中砷含量的分析方法。方法在标准模式、碰撞反应池模式和动态反应池模式条件下,应用⁶Li、⁴⁵Sc、⁷⁴Ge、⁸⁹Y、¹⁰³Rh、¹¹⁵In、¹⁵⁹Tb和²⁰⁹Bi等8种内标元素建立标准曲线并测定加标样品和质控样品,比对其相关系数、检出限、准确性和精密度。结果不同模式和内标条件下相关系数基本一致(0.998 5～0.999 9),应用⁴⁵Sc、⁷⁴Ge、⁸⁹Y、¹¹⁵In等4种内标的尿砷检出限优于⁶Li、¹⁰³Rh、¹⁵⁹Tb、²⁰⁹Bi,与此同时⁴⁵Sc、⁷⁴Ge、⁸⁹Y...     

Effect of essential:total nitrogen ratio on protein utilization in the growing pig

Two N balance experiments using growing pigs were conducted to study the effect of essential:total (E:T) N ratio on N retention and utilization. Purified diets contained casein and crystalline amino acids as the sole sources of N. E:T values ranged from 0.25 to 0.86 while either the concentration of total N (Expt. 1) or essential N (Expt 2) was kept constant. At a constant concentration of total dietary N, N retention and total N utilization were maximized with an E:T value of approximately 0.6, while essential N utilization gradually decreased as E:T increased. At a constant level of essential N, N retention remained unchanged until the E:T value reached 0.48 and then decreased. In Expt 2, maximum total N utilization was attained with an E:T value of 0.66 while N excretion and essential N utilization decreased with increased E:T value. These results suggest that under conditions of optimal protein utilization, essential amino acids are partially degraded and used for the synthesis of non-essential amino acids.