一次性橡胶检查手套在冷热敷中的应用

在临床护理中经常遇到一些静脉穿刺后的淤青和静脉不清楚的患者,静脉穿刺有一定难度时会采用热敷的方法使血管充盈再行穿刺,但使用传统热水袋较繁琐,直接使用毛巾湿热敷往往会弄湿床单.笔者在实践中发现使用一次性橡胶检查手套取代传统的热水袋,方法简便,效果好.且一些局部小切口的整形美容手术,术后24 h内的冷敷消肿使用一次性橡胶手套清洁小巧且深得患者喜欢.现介绍如下     

一次性使用灭菌外科手套的研究进展

所有侵入性医疗护理操作,常规需要戴无菌外科手套,以防病原体在医护人员和患者之间的双向传播。自100多年前无菌手套被引人手术中,外科手套根据医疗需求,不断地改进与完善,如去蛋白天然橡胶乳胶和三层无菌手套技术的应用,因此有必要对无菌外科手套的发展历程与最新进展、制作材料、防护功能及破损风险因素等作一综述,指导医务人员正确选择外科手套。     

一次性使用灭菌橡胶外科手套包装纸的再利用

一次性使用橡胶外科手套是进行多项护理及手术操作的必备用物,每次操作后都废弃。笔者经过多年病房和五官科门诊护理实践发现,手套使用后,其内外包装纸还可以再利用,现介绍如下。     

连续采血手套表面污染后消毒效果及成本分析

目的评价在连续大量采血过程中不换手套采用手套消毒的消毒效果及时间、成本的比较。方法从门诊患者中随机选择59例,在连续采血过程中不换手套。每次采血前用1mL 3M免洗手消毒液（含葡萄糖酸氯已定0.45%~0.55%w/v,乙醇水平63.1%~77.0%v/v）采用六步洗手法的方式进行手套手消毒,再进行消毒效果细菌学监测及时间、成本的比较。结果在59例标本中,细菌菌落总数均小于或等于10CFU/cm2,未检出金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌等致病菌。59例患者仅使用了一双手套和59mL消毒液,总价为6.33元。而全部更换59双手套则需要129.80元。因此,节约了123.47元的成本。如每次换手套和手消毒的时间为1min 20s,59例标本则可以减少49min。结论在采血后,用快速消毒液采用六步洗手法消毒不仅能有效替代在每个患者采血后更换手套和做手消毒,还能节约时间和成本。     

持续佩戴一次性医用无菌手套时手部原有残留细菌增殖调查

摘要 目的 了解持续佩戴一次性医用无菌手套后手部原有残留细菌的增殖情况及医务人员对该情况的认知程度。方法 选择静脉采血护士作为志愿者,随机分为2组,一组不洗手直接戴无菌手套,另一组规范洗手后戴无菌手套;2组志愿者分别于戴手套前、戴手套后0.5～3.0 h采样,进行手部细菌学监测,计数菌落数。随机抽取全省8家医疗机构进行问卷调查,了解医务人员对持续佩戴手套后手部残留细菌增殖情况的认知程度。结果 未洗手直接戴手套及洗手后戴手套,手部平均菌落数均随戴手套时间的延长而增加;且未洗手直接戴手套后手部细菌增殖较洗手后戴手套更加明显。问卷调查结果显示,医务人员对手卫生相关知识及持续佩戴手套后手部残留细菌的增殖情况知之甚少。结论 长时间佩戴手套后手部细菌将不断增殖,应对医务人员加强手卫生相关知识的宣传和培训,增强职业安全防护意识,促进其规范使用医用手套。     

3种一次性无菌手套开包方法的对比及效果分析

使用无菌手套是确保手术无菌的关键,正确戴取无菌手套是手术室医护人员的基本功,如何打开无菌手套包,取出无菌手套是医护人员应掌握的基本技能.本文对3种一次性无菌手套开包方法进行对照比较,比较取出的无菌手套可能再污染的发生率,并分析其再污染相关因素,具体方法如下.     

一次性橡胶手套预防骨科病人压疮的效果观察

目的观察充气后的一次性橡胶手套预防骨科病人四肢压疮的临床效果。方法对100例骨科卧床病人按入院的先后顺序分为观察组（50例）及对照组（50例）,2组均按照基础护理学压疮预防标准进行常规护理,观察组加用一次性橡胶手套预防压疮。结果观察组压疮发生率为2%,与对照组（22%）比较明显降低（P〈0.01）。结论对卧床病人在进行预防压疮的常规护理的同时使用一次性橡胶手套,可以明显降低四肢压疮发生率。     

一次性医用薄膜手套的妙用

临床工作中,由于长期大量静脉输液;持续微量泵入药物;输入药物刺激性强;静脉留置针时间过长或固定欠妥;患者血管条件差等原因,易造成液体外渗而引发不同程度的静脉炎。针对此类情况,常常用到硫酸镁湿敷、土豆片外敷等方法来缓解症状,治疗静脉炎。然而外用过程中,会遇到敷料滑落、污染衣被、药物挥发快等问题。我科改良使用一次性薄膜手套,取得良好效果,现报道如下。     

一次性橡胶手套预防新生儿压力伤的介绍

皮肤是新生儿的一大天然屏障,如出现破损,继发感染,则可能出现败血症的危险.特别是对早产儿、极低出生体重儿和行机械通气的患儿,保护其皮肤的完整性更是显得尤为重要.2009年5月～2010年2月,我们采用一次性橡胶手套充气或装温水制成小气囊或水囊置于患儿耳廓.外踝等处防止新生儿压力伤,取得满意效果.现报告如下.     

静脉穿刺后戴手套粘贴输液贴的方法改进

随着医院感染控制的发展和医护人员自身防护意识的不断加强，越来越多的护理操作需要戴手套进行。但是，在实际工作中戴手套有很多不便，尤其是静脉输液后，戴手套粘贴输液敷贴时就比较麻烦。为了更好地实施浙江省护理中心2007年新推出的《护理技术操作程序与质量管理标准》，提高护理人员戴手套的依从性和操作的方便，笔者对戴手套静脉输液中粘贴输液敷贴的方法进行了改进，介绍如下。     

Principles of appropriate use of disposable gloves

Shila Patel explains the principles of glove use, highlighting the procedures for which they are indicated and advising on appropriate storage.     

Integrity of vinyl and latex procedure gloves

In a series of experiments the integrity of vinyl and latex procedure gloves were tested under in-use conditions. Both types of gloves were tested by three methods: watertight (645 samples), bacterial penetration (50), and dye exclusion (90). Results of the watertight test demonstrated visible defects in 4.1% of vinyl and 2.7% in latex gloves. Twenty percent of latex gloves and 34% of vinyl gloves which had passed the watertight test allowed penetration of Serratia marcescens when worn by volunteers. A series of manipulations designed to simulate approximately 15 minutes of clinical activity in an intensive care unit resulted in failure rates as high as 66%. Using the dye penetration test, there was a statistically significant difference between vinyl and latex procedure gloves with full manipulations, with failure rates of 53% and 3%, respectively. Both types of gloves provided some barrier protection. However, latex gloves performed better when stressed.     

The use of latex gloves in the school setting.

In 1987, when the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended the use of universal precautions in response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, the demand for medical gloves dramatically increased. Unfortunately, the manufacturing techniques for the most widely-used gloves-natural rubber latex-also changed, in order to expedite production. These changes resulted in an increase in latex allergies, because excessive residual proteins that cause allergies remained on the gloves and became airborne with the gloves' high level of powder. This allergy concern is especially relevant in the school setting where school nurses are not only concerned about their own well-being, but the well-being of the children in their care. Today, latex gloves are still the most widely used of any medical gloves, but they have much lower levels of protein and are available in low- or no-powder. This article examines whether the current latex gloves indeed reduce the allergenicity of the gloves and how allergy and barrier protection data can assist school nurses in making informed glove choices.     

A review of latex sensitivity related to the use of latex gloves in hospitals

•

BEGINNING IN THE 1980s, use of latex gloves to protect health care workers against exposure to blood and body fluids increased. Since then, the number of reported cases of latex sensitivity also has increased.

•

REACTIONS TO LATEX range from contact dermatitis to anaphylactic shock.

•

LOW-POWDER, POWDER-FREE, and non-latex gloves provide alternatives to protect health care workers from occupational latex exposure. AORN J 80 (July 2004) 64-71.

     

空气微生物污染与控制的研究进展

对公共环境空气微生物分布特征及其影响空气微生物浓度的主要因素进行阐述,重点综述了医院室内空气微生物特征及其控制方法。     

空气微生物污染与控制的研究进展

对公共环境空气微生物分布特征及其影响空气微生物浓度的主要因素进行阐述，重点综述了医院室内空气微生物特征及其控制方法。     

Prevalence of adverse reactions to latex gloves in Korean operating room nurses

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence rate of adverse reactions to latex gloves. Among hospital personnel working in operating rooms, 41.4% reported adverse reactions to latex. Especially among OR nurses, the prevalence rate of adverse reactions was 80.3%, and that of latex allergy was 9.8%. Common symptoms were rash, skin itching, dizziness, and eye itching. Atopics had more latex allergy than the non-atopics. There was no difference in the incidence rate of latex allergy among the five gloves by the prick test. But with the exposure test, ordinary gloves had a higher latex allergy incidence than hypoallergenic gloves.