腹腔镜胆总管探查后一期胆管缝合治疗胆总管结石的效果观察

目的分析腹腔镜胆总管探查后一期胆管缝合治疗胆总管结石的临床效果。方法将100例胆总管结石患者的随机分为观察组与对照组,每组50例患者。观察组患者采取腹腔镜胆总管切开探查术后胆管一期缝合,对照组患者采取腹腔镜胆总管切开探查术后T管引流。对比分析两组患者的临床疗效。结果观察组患者与对照组患者在手术时间、手术中出血量及术后并发症的发生率等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者的肛门排气时间及术后住院时间均低于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论临床上应严格把握腹腔镜胆总管切开探查术后胆管一期缝合的适应证,在满足一期缝合的条件时,腹腔镜胆总管切开探查术后胆管一期缝合的引流疗效优于腹腔镜胆总管切开探查术后T管引流。     

腹腔镜胆总管探查术治疗胆总管结石56例临床分析

目的:分析总结腹腔镜胆总管探查术和胆总管切开取石一期缝合临床适应证和手术技巧。方法:回顾性分析我院2011年6月²012年12月56例胆总管结石合并或不伴有胆囊结石的患者行腹腔镜胆总管探查术的临床资料。结果:本组56例手术均顺利完成。无中转开腹。其中21例行胆总管一期缝合,35例放置T管引流。手术时间902012年12月56例胆总管结石合并或不伴有胆囊结石的患者行腹腔镜胆总管探查术的临床资料。结果:本组56例手术均顺利完成。无中转开腹。其中21例行胆总管一期缝合,35例放置T管引流。手术时间90²00 min,住院时间6200 min,住院时间6¹3 d。术后1例胆漏,经腹腔冲洗治愈,术后随访613 d。术后1例胆漏,经腹腔冲洗治愈,术后随访6¹2个月,无胆管狭窄、胆管残余结石发生,效果满意。结论:选择合适的病例,腹腔镜联合胆道镜胆总管切开取石和一期缝合是一项安全、有效的手术方式。     

胆总管切开一期缝合术27例临床研究

目的探讨胆总管探查后胆总管一期缝合治疗的可行性及适应性.方法对胆总管结石23例,胆道蛔虫1例,胆总管探查阴性3例,行胆总管探查术后胆总管一期缝合术的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果对27例胆总管探查行胆总管一期缝合术后,无发热,无胆总管狭窄,胆漏1例,经腹腔引流治愈,平均住院时间8天.结论在掌握手术适应症及手术操作规范,胆总管探查行胆总管一期缝合是可行的,明显减轻患者的痛苦及经济负担,具有明显优越性.     

腹腔镜胆总管切开取石一期缝合治疗胆总管结石的临床运用

目的:探讨胆总管切开术一期缝合的方法、适应证及治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析腹腔镜辅助胆道镜下胆总管切开探查胆管一期缝合47例,取尽结石,经胆道镜检查证实胆管无异常后一期缝合。结果:本组术后住院时间6～12 d,均痊愈出院。结论:腹腔镜胆总管切开探查术后选择性一期缝合胆管已完全可行,能缩短住院时间,降低术后各种近期并发症的发生率。     

胆总管探查术后选择性胆总管一期缝合42例

目的探讨胆总管探查术后胆管一期缝合的可行性、手术指征及临床应用价值。方法选择性地对有胆总管探查指征的42例患者，术中行纤维胆道镜胆道探查后行胆总管一期缝合。结果42例全部治愈，平均住院日12天。术后发生胆漏3例，均经腹腔皮管引流治愈。结论严格选择手术适应证及精细手术操作、胆总管切开探查一期缝合是安全可行的。     

胆总管一期缝合在胆总管切开探查术中的合理应用

目的 评价胆总管一期缝合在胆总管切开探查术中的合理应用及价值.方法 回顾分析胆总管一期缝合在胆总管探查术35例病例的临床资料.结果 全组35例病例术后无1例胆道狭窄及胆漏.术中结石取净率100%,术后住院时间(8.7±4)d,随访35例,时间1～5年,平均2.7年,35例B超检查均无胆管狭窄.结论 胆总管一期缝合在胆总管切开探查术中的合理应用,对预防术后胆道逆行感染,拔管后胆漏,胆汁性腹膜炎和胆汁外流所导致的水电解质紊乱等并发症等有显著效果.此方法安全,可靠,有效,但是要严格掌握其适应症.     

胆总管探查术后一期缝合32例临床分析

目的:探讨胆总管切开探查胆管一期缝合的方法和效果。方法:对32例患者行胆道探查,取尽结石或蛔虫,检查胆总管下段通畅,经胆囊管胆道造影后一期缝合胆管。结果:26例胆总管结石,1例胆道蛔虫,5例探查结果阴性。全部一期缝合,术中胆道造影肝内外胆管无异常。术后4例少量漏胆,进行保守治疗,全组术后9d～12d治愈出院。结论:肝外胆管结石、蛔虫已取尽,术中胆道造影证实肝内外胆管无异常,胆总管切开探查后胆管一期缝合安全、有效。     

ERCP/EST联合胆总管探查并一期缝合治疗复杂胆总管结石

胆总管切开探查取石术后放置T管是外科治疗胆总管结石的经典术式，主要目的是为了减少胆漏的发生及便于残留结石经窦道取出，但放置T管也有许多弊端。因此，临床上对于胆总管切开探查术后是否常规放置T管存在争议。而ERCP/EST的临床应用，可使胆总管探查术后一期缝合变得更为安全。我们于2002年1月至2005年12月采用ERCP／EST联合开腹胆总管切开探查并术后一期缝合治疗复杂胆总管结石10例，报道如下。     

胆总管探查术后一期缝合的临床应用探讨

目的探讨胆总管探查术后一期缝合不置"T"管引流的可行性、手术指征及临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析56例胆总管探查术后一期缝合的临床资料。结果术后6例腹腔引流液含胆汁,均未作特殊处理,术后平均住院6.7天,所有病例术后3个月门诊B超复查,未发现胆道残留结石,无一例肝外胆管狭窄。结论正确掌握手术适应症与缝合技巧,胆总管探查术后一期缝合是安全可行的,有推广应用价值。     

腹腔镜胆总管切开取石一期缝合胆总管58例分析

目的探讨胆囊结石合并胆总管结石经腹腔镜胆囊切除胆总管切开胆道镜探查取石术后一期缝合胆总管的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析行腹腔镜胆囊切除胆总管切开胆道镜探查取石术后一期缝合胆总管的58例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者的临床资料。结果 58均成功施行腹腔镜下胆囊切除+胆总管切开胆道镜取石一期缝合术,手术时间1～3 h,术后发生胆漏32例,漏液均<100 ml/d,30例在3～7 d内停止胆漏,2例16 d后好转。本组31例患者获得随访,随访时间6～12个月,均行磁共振胰胆管造影复查,示胆道通畅,无结石及狭窄。结论腹腔镜下胆总管切开胆道镜取石术后一期缝合胆总管治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石具有不带T管、创伤小、恢复快及住院时间短的优点,值得推广。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.