CT and MRI Manifestations and Differential Diagnosis of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm in Pancreas

目的 探讨胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的CT及MRI表现特点及鉴别诊断.资料与方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的26例胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的CT及MRI表现.结果 主胰管型4例,主要表现为主胰管扩张,其中1例伴胰管内多发结节影且均匀强化;分支胰管型20例,呈单房或多房样囊性病灶,部分有分隔;混合型2例,表现为胰头及钩突囊性肿块影呈多房样改变,轻度强化,并可见主胰管扩张.结论 CT及MRI在胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断中具有重要意义.     

胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤CT与MRI表现及鉴别诊断

目的探讨胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的CT及MRI表现特点及鉴别诊断。资料与方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的26例胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的CT及MRI表现。结果主胰管型4例,主要表现为主胰管扩张,其中1例伴胰管内多发结节影且均匀强化;分支胰管型20例,呈单房或多房样囊性病灶,部分有分隔;混合型2例,表现为胰头及钩突囊性肿块影呈多房样改变,轻度强化,并可见主胰管扩张。结论 CT及MRI在胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断中具有重要意义。     

胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的CT及MRI表现

目的:探讨胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤(P-IPMN)的CT及MRI特点。方法:回顾性分析15例经手术病理证实的P-IPMN患者的临床资料、CT及MRI表现。结果:15例中,腺瘤9例,交界性肿瘤2例,原位癌2例,腺癌2例。影像学分型及表现:主胰管型3例,主要表现为主胰管扩张伴胰腺实质萎缩,其中1例伴胆总管扩张,2例伴胰管内壁结节并中度强化;分支胰管型11例,其中6例位于体尾部,5例位于胰头及钩突部,病灶大小5 mm×6 mm~32 mm×40 mm,主要表现为单房或多房囊状肿瘤,似葡萄串,囊与胰管相通,其内分隔轻度强化,伴或不伴主胰管扩张;混合型1例,表现为胰腺体尾部多房性囊状肿瘤,可见病灶内多发性壁结节中度强化及分隔轻中度强化,伴主胰管明显扩张,直径22 mm。结论:P-IPMN有相对的影像学特征,CT和MRI对P-IPMN的诊断、鉴别诊断和恶性预测具有重要的临床应用价值。     

磁共振成像技术对胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤的诊断价值

目的探讨胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤的MRI影像学特点,以提高该病的诊断准确率。方法搜集12例经手术证实的胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤患者的临床及影像学资料,回顾性分析主胰管型和分支胰管型的MRI表现。结果研究证实,12例中有主胰管型3例和分支胰管型9例。主胰管型MRI表现为主胰管节段性或弥漫性扩张,可伴有胰腺实质的萎缩;分支胰管型MRI表现为单房或多房型囊性病变,并与主胰管相通。结论 MRI对胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤是一种无创、有效的诊断方法,有助于提高该病的诊断准确率。     

胰腺导管内乳头状粘液样瘤的MRI诊断分析

目的:探讨胰腺导管内乳头状粘液样瘤的MRI诊断价值。方法:回顾分析经手术病理证实的9例胰腺导管内乳头状粘液样瘤的MRI表现,其中腺瘤3例、交界性腺瘤3例、腺癌1例。结果:①主胰管型3例,MRI表现为主胰管弥漫性或节段性扩张,十二指肠乳头肿大;②支胰管型5例,表现为胰腺囊性病灶多位于胰头钩突部,呈单囊或多囊状,可见分隔、壁结节,和主胰管相通;③混合型1例,该型包括与主胰管相连囊性病灶、主胰管扩张。结论:胰腺导管内乳头状粘液样瘤的影像表现有一定特征性,MRI对其诊断有重要价值。     

胰腺分支胰管型导管内乳头状黏液瘤的MRI诊断与鉴别诊断

目的探讨胰腺分支胰管型导管内乳头状黏液瘤的MRI诊断及鉴别诊断。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的9例胰腺分支胰管型导管内乳头状黏液瘤的临床及MRI表现。结果 9例胰腺分支胰管型导管内乳头状黏液瘤患者年龄56~78岁,平均66.3岁,其中男性4例,女性5例,8例单发,1例多发。胰腺分支胰管型导管内乳头状黏液瘤的MRI表现呈多房囊样表现4例、呈分叶状3例、呈孤立单囊状2例;5例囊内见轻度强化壁结节。MRCP及薄层图像上能够显示胰腺分支胰管型导管内乳头状黏液瘤的囊与主胰管相通。结论 MRI在胰腺分支胰管型导管内乳头状黏液瘤的诊断与鉴别诊断中具有非常重要的价值。     

胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的CT诊断

目的:探讨胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤(IPMN)的螺旋CT诊断价值。材料和方法:回顾性分析经手术病理证实的14例胰腺IPMN的螺旋CT表现。结果:主胰管型IPMN3例,表现为主胰管扩张伴管壁结节样突起;分支胰管型IPMN5例,表现为分叶状单发囊性病变或葡萄串样多发囊性病变伴腔内分隔或结节样突起;混合型IPMN6例,表现为主胰管扩张和囊性病变合并存在。CT诊断IPMN恶变6例,病理诊断导管内乳头状黏液腺癌7例。结论:螺旋CT能够显示胰腺IPMN的病理特征,并可做出分型。     

肝内胆管乳头状黏液性导管腺癌合并胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤1例

导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤多发生于胰管、胆管内。该文报道了1例肝内胆管乳头状黏液性导管腺癌合并胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤。CT和MRI示肝内外胆管弥漫扩张, 肝左外叶扩张胆管内延迟强化小结节, 以及胰腺钩突囊性灶伴主胰管轻度扩张。病理结果为肝左叶胆管乳头状黏液性高-中分化导管腺癌, 胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤伴上皮轻度异型。     

2型糖尿病患者中胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤影像学分析

目的分析2型糖尿病患者中胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤(IPMN)的影像学良恶性表现,提高影像学诊断水平。方法选取我院经手术病理证实的2型糖尿病患者伴胰腺IPMN患者20例。记录肿瘤分型、部位、大小、囊壁结节、胰管扩张等影像学表现。结果 20例IPMN中,头颈部9例,体尾部11例;混合型8例,多表现为主胰管不同程度扩张并周围分支胰管扩张,分支型6例,表现为单发单囊或多房囊性病灶;肿瘤平均直径约25.2 mm,主胰管型6例,表现为全程主胰管不同程度扩张,平均直径约15.9 mm;良性17例,恶性3例(2例为主胰管型均伴壁结节,1例混合型)。结论糖尿病患者的胰腺IPMN具有较为特征的影像学良性及恶性表现,临床上应严格把握手术和随访指征,结合患者的其他临床资料评估决定。     

胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的CT诊断价值

目的:探讨胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的螺旋CT诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析50例经手术切除和病理学证实的胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的临床、CT等影像学资料,其中男34例,女16例,年龄32～87岁,平均61岁.结果:50例IPMN患者多发于老年人,年龄大于60岁28例(56%),临床主要表现为腹痛和(或)胰腺炎.CT诊断主胰管型20例(35.7%),分支胰管型21例(25%),混合型9例(39.3%);术后病理示胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性瘤28例,胰腺交界性导管内乳头状黏液瘤5例,胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性癌9例,胰腺浸润性导管内乳头状黏液癌8例.22例胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性癌中,其中3例胰腺钙化,3例伴有淋巴结转移,5例侵犯血管,2例肝脏转移.恶性的IPMN常发生在混合型和主胰管型中(n=14),而分支型多为良性肿瘤(n=18).结论:胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤有相对特征性的影像学表现,CT对IPMN的诊断、分型和恶变预测具有重要的临床应用价值.     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.