固体灵芝精的制备及质量控制

 目的对固体灵芝精的制备及质量控制标准进行研究。方法固体灵芝精是由泰山赤灵经水提取、真空雾化干燥而制成;用可见 紫外分光光度法测定多糖,高速氨基酸自动分析仪测定各种游离氨基酸,高频等离子体发射光谱仪测定无机元素。结果：固体灵芝精所含的有效成分与泰山赤灵芝相同,且按相同重量计含量高得多,其总糖含量泰山赤灵芝为0.0018%,而固体灵芝精为20.5%,微量无素的含量比泰山赤灵芝高100～1000倍。结论提取工艺设计合理,制剂稳定,质量控制方法准确可靠。     

Cytotoxicity of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenes

Two new triterpenoids, lucidenic acid N (1) and methyl lucidenate F (2), together with four known compounds, lucidenic acid A, lucidenolactone, lucidenic acid C, and ganoderic acid E, were isolated from the dried fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum. Their structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical transformation studies. Among them, lucidenic acid N (1), lucidenic acid A, and ganoderic acid E showed significant cytotoxic activity against Hep G2, Hep G2,2,15, and P-388 tumor cells.     

Central actions of Ganoderma lucidum

An aqueous extract of the dried fruit bodies of Ganoderma lucidum exhibited central depressant actions as shown by the inhibition of spontaneous motor activity, analgesic activity and delay in the time to death induced by either strychnine or caffeine. The extract also elicited some muscle relaxant effects.     

Anti-androgenic activities of Ganoderma lucidum

The inhibitory effects of methanol extracts of 19 edible and medicinal mushrooms on 5alpha-reductase activity were examined. The extract of Ganoderma lucidum Fr. Krast (Ganodermataceae) showed the strongest 5alpha-reductase inhibitory activity. The treatment of the fruit body of Ganoderma lucidum or the extract prepared from it significantly inhibited the testosterone-induced growth of the ventral prostate in castrated rats. These results showed that Ganoderma lucidum might be a useful ingredient for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).     

New lanostanoids from the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum.

From a lipophilic extract of the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, three new lanostanoids, 8beta,9alpha-dihydroganoderic acid J (1), methyl 8beta,9alpha-dihydroganoderate J (2), and 20-hydroxylganoderic acid G (3), along with 12 known lanostanoids and two ergostane sterols were isolated. The structures of 1-3 were determined by interpretation of their spectroscopic data.     

赤芝子实体的化学成分研究

目的 研究赤芝子实体的化学成分.方法 应用多种色谱方法进行分离和纯化,通过1H,13C-NMR 和MS 等波谱技术确定化合物的结构.结果 从赤芝子实体中分离得到8个化合物,分别被鉴定为:灵芝醇B(ganoderiol B,1)、灵芝酸A (ganoderic acid A,2)、赤芝酸A(lucidenic acid A,3)、灵芝萜酮二醇(ganodermanondiol,4)、 3,7,11,15,23-5O-5α-羊毛甾-8-烯-26烷酸(3,7,11,15,23-pentaoxo-5α-lanosta-8-en-26- oic acid,5)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β-醇十五烷酸酯(ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol- pentadecanoate,6)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β-醇(ergost a-7,22-dien-3β-ol,7)及正二十六烷酸(n-hexacosanoic acid,8).结论 其中化合物8为从该植物中首次分离得到.     

灵芝提取物质量的研究

目的：对灵芝提取物质量进行了研究.方法：采用薄层色谱法,对灵芝提取物中灵芝有效成分进行了薄层定性鉴别;采用了紫外可见分光光度法对其中的灵芝多糖进行了含量测定.灵芝多糖在波长为625nm处有最大吸收.结果：灵芝多糖在0.0025～0.0125 mg/ul间线性关系良好,r=0.9963,平均回收率为99.80﹪,RSD为2.13﹪.在TLC图谱中可检出灵芝的特征斑点.结论：本法操作简便、准确、重现性好,能够控制灵芝提取物质量.     

Three new lanostanoids from Ganoderma lucidum

Three new lanostanoids--ganodermenonol (1), ganodermadiol (2), and ganodermatriol (3) [isolated as its triacetate derivative (3a)]--were isolated from the MeOH extract of Ganoderma lucidum, together with ergosterol and its peroxide. The new compounds were identified as 26-hydroxy-5 alpha-lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-3-one (1), 5 alpha-lanosta-7,9(11),24-triene-3 beta, 26-diol (2), and 5 alpha-lanosta-7,9(11),24-triene-3 beta, 26,27-triol (3) by their respective spectral data.     

Radical scavenger and antihepatotoxic activity of Ganoderma formosanum,Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma neo-japonicum

The free radical scavenging and antihepatotoxic activity from Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma formosanum and Ganoderma neo-japonicum were studied. Treatment with the water extract of Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma formosanum and Ganoderma neo-japonicum caused a marked decrease in the CCl₄-induced toxicity in rat liver, made evident by their effect on the levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in the serum. The scavenging potency of the water extracts of the crude drugs was evaluated in terms of their ability to reduce the peaks of spin adducts using electron spin resonance (ESR) spin-trapping techniques. The results indicated that Ganoderma formosanum showed the greatest antihepatotoxic activity and the greatest free radical scavenging activity.     

灵芝和紫芝对照提取物在灵芝样品指纹图谱分析的应用

目的使用赤芝对照提取物(CZERS)、紫芝对照提取物(ZZERS)对所收集18批次灵芝药材进行高效薄层色谱(HPTLC)以及高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱分析。方法使用HPTLC指纹图谱方法,高效娃胶预制板,以氯仿-乙腈-甲醇-甲酸=13:2:0.5:0.53次展开和环己烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸=15:5:0.5:0.52次展开的方法分别分析灵芝三萜酸类和甾醇类成分。使用HPLC指纹图谱方法,Kromasil 100-5 C18柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相:A-乙腈,B-0.02%嶙酸;梯度洗脱程序:0~40min,29%→33%A,40-70 min,33%→65%A,70-105 min,65%→100%A;105-120 min,100%A;检测波长244 nm(DAD检测器);流速1.OmL·min^-1;进样量10μL;柱温25℃。结果使用对照提取物(ERS)和指纹图谱分析方法,可以区分赤芝,无柄灵芝和紫芝。不同种类和生长方式的灵芝成分存在差异。结论灵芝品种繁多,分野生和人工培养,而人工培养的培养基又有不同,导致不同灵芝个体间成分存在差异。使用特定品种的ERS和指纹图谱分析方法更加适合灵芝多成分整体质量控制的需求。     

灵芝三萜类化学成分指纹图谱研究

目的:建立灵芝药材三萜类化学成分高效液相(HPLC)指纹图谱,并以此评价灵芝药材的质量.方法:采用Diamonsil C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈和0.8%高氯酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,流速0.9 mL·min~(-1),检测波长254 nm,柱温为室温.灵芝药材HPLC指纹图谱经指纹图谱系统解决方案软件(chromafinger~(TM))生成共有模式,并进行相似度分析.结果:赤芝HPLC指纹图谱共有18个特征峰,其中6个化学成分通过对照品得到指认.赤芝与紫芝HPLC指纹图谱相差较大.结论:该方法为综合评价灵芝的质量提供了科学的依据.     

赤芝孢子的三萜和甾体类成分研究

目的研究破壁赤芝(Ganoderma lucidum)孢子中的化学成分.方法用硅胶柱色谱法及Sephadex LH-20柱色谱法进行分离纯化,依据理化性质和光谱数据鉴定化合物结构.结果从破壁赤芝孢子的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离鉴定了8个化合物,分别被鉴定为灵芝酸A(Ⅰ)、甲基灵芝酸A(Ⅱ)、甲基灵芝酸B(Ⅲ)、灵芝酸C2(Ⅳ)、灵芝酸G(Ⅴ)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(Ⅵ)、麦角甾醇过氧化物(Ⅶ)和麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β-十五酸酯(Ⅷ).结论化合物Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅶ和Ⅷ为首次从赤芝孢子中分离得到.     

不同产地灵芝(赤芝)的HPLC指纹图谱评价

以灵芝药材为研究对象,应用RP-HPLC法,色谱柱为Agilent C18分析柱(4.6 mm×250mm,5μm),乙腈-0.03%磷酸水溶液二元梯度洗脱模式,流速1.0 mL/min,紫外检测波长252nm,柱温35℃,建立了11批不同产地灵芝药材的HPLC指纹图谱。同时对各产地药材指纹图谱进行分析,应用"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统"对各产地药材进行了质量评价,该方法简单可靠,可用于灵芝的质量评价。     

赤芝子实体化学成分的研究

目的研究赤芝子实体的化学成分。方法应用多种色谱方法进行分离和纯化,并用NMR和MS等波谱方法解析其化学结构。结果从赤芝子实体的醋酸乙酯提取物中分离得到7个化合物,分别被鉴定为麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β-醇十五酸酯(ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-yl pentadecanoate,)、麦角甾醇棕榈酸酯(ergosteryl palmitate,)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β-醇(ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol,)、麦角甾醇(ergosterol,)、灵芝酸C2(ganoderic acid C2,)、ganodermanontriol()及邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯[1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(1-methylpropyl)ester,]。结论化合物为新化合物,化合物为从本植物中首次分离得到。     

灵芝有效成份的研究概况

灵芝为灵芝科灵芝属(Ganoderma Karst)真菌,我国现有已知灵芝属真菌66种,分布于国内23个省市,主要有灵芝(Ganoderma lucidum)(又名红芝、赤芝),紫芝(G.Japonicum)即中国灵芝,薄盖灵芝(G.Capense),树舌芝(G.Applanatum),云芝(G.Polystictus)等.     

超滤膜技术分离灵芝多糖的研究

目的:研究超滤膜技术应用于提纯灵芝多糖的可行性及工艺.方法:采用卷式超滤膜对灵芝多糖进行分离提纯研究.结果:膜截留分子量6 000 D、超滤温度45～50 ℃、超滤压力0.6 MPa、时间45 min,制得灵芝多糖的纯度为73.5%,回收率为69.4%.结论:超滤膜技术分离提纯灵芝多糖工艺简单,效果较好,有产业化前景.     

3种灵芝多糖的研究

 目的对3种灵芝多糖的含量、单糖组成和糖蛋白含量进行研究。方法提取和纯化灵芝子实体、菌丝体和发酵液多糖,应用高效液相色谱法和凯氏定氮法对多糖的含量、单糖组成及糖蛋白质含量作了分析、比较。结果3种灵芝多糖含量分别为：子实体含0.75%;菌丝体含2.13%;发酵液含0.982 g·L^-1。3种多糖均由葡萄糖、果糖组成,这两种单糖在子实体和菌丝体多糖中的摩尔比相同,为7∶1;在发酵液多糖中的摩尔比为2∶1。3种灵芝多糖中糖蛋白含量分别为：子实体多糖含12.22%;菌丝体多糖含26.62%;发酵液多糖含2.92%。结论研究结果为综合开发利用灵芝提供了科学依据。     

灵芝发酵培养基的研究

本文从无机盐、氮源、碳源、维生素等方面研究了灵芝发酵培养基的配方,然后根据发酵时所得到的不同菌粉得率,最终得出一个比较合适的灵芝发酵培养基配方。