Small Cell Undifferentiated Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: Histology, Ultrastructure, and Immunohistochemistry of Two Cases

Two clinical stage IB small cell undifferentiated carcinomas (SCUC) of the cervix were studied by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Both cases occurred in women aged less than 31 years. Despite radical hysterectomy and external pelvic radiotherapy, both patients died of recurrent disease within 14 months after initial therapy. The tumors consisted of sheets of closely packed, uniform small, round to oval cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and scant indistinct cytoplasm. One case was associated with cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The neoplastic cells had few organelles and desmosome-like junctions and lacked mucinous or neurosecretory granules or tonofilaments. Immunohistochemistry failed to reveal S-100, CEA, neuropeptides or neuron-specific enolase.

SCUC probably arises either from basal cells of the cervical squamous epithelium, or gland cells of the endocervical epithelium, or still from subcolumnar endocervical reserve cells. Based on ultrastructure and immunohistochemistry, SCUC seems to represent the undifferentiated variant of small cell neuroendocrine tumors of the cervix.     

人类疱疹病毒8型的K1基因亚型与鳞状细胞癌不同发病部位的相关性研究

目的 了解鳞癌组织中人类疱疹病毒8型(HHV-8)感染情况,探讨感染HHV-8 K1基因亚型与鳞癌发病部位的关系.方法 对40例皮肤鳞癌、40例食管鳞癌石蜡包埋组织进行HHV-8K1基因的DNA抽提、扩增、双向测序,使用Lagergene软件、CLUSTAL W软件和PHYLIP软件包对测序结果进行系统发生学分析,从而...     

用MTT－LAI方法鉴定人胃癌特异性转移因子的免疫活性

本文以四唑翁盐－白细胞粘附抑制实验（ＭＴＴ－ＬＡＩ）代替同位素－ＬＡＩ实验，用于胃癌特异性转移因子（ｓｐ－ＴＦ＿１）抗原持异活性的检测，克服了同位素法的不便。在摸索到的最佳ｓｐ－ＴＦ＿１浓度（１０￣（－４）ｕ／ｍｌ）和胃癌抗原浓度（１０￣（－３）ｕｇ／ｍｌ）条件下的实验结果表明：在胃癌抗原（ｓｃＡｇ）存在下，ｓｐ－ＴＦ＿１能明显抑制白细胞的粘附；而非特异性转移因子（ＴＦｎ）则无此作用。且ｓｐ－ＴＦ＿１与乙脑病毒（ＥＢｖ）或乙肝抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）共同温育也不表现出粘附抑制活性。实验证明：ＭＴＴ－ＬＡＩ实验是体外检测特异性转移因子细胞免疫活性的快速、简便的方法。此外．本文用该法观察了不同温度下ｓｐ－ＴＦ＿１活性的稳定性。     

Glassy-Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix: Case Report with a Light and Electron Microscopy Study

A case of glassy-cell carcinoma of the cervix is reported. In the literature the tumor is regarded as an undifferentiated form of mixed carcinomas of the cervix. At the light microscopic level the tumor cells are characterized by a moderate amount of cytoplasm of ground-glass appearance that stains faintly blue with hematoxylin, a distinct cell wall that stains with eosin or with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and large vesiculated nuclei with prominent nucleoli. In the cytoplasm of very few tumor cells, a minute amount of Alcian blue-positive material is demonstrated. At the electron microscopic level the tumor cells show distinct cell borders with interdigitating cytoplasmic projections that contain many desmosomes. Cytoplasmic tonofilaments were demonstrated in few tumor cells. The nuclei show a euchromatic appearance with prominent mesh-basket nucleoli. The cytoplasm contains abundant ribosomes, polyribosomes, and round to oval mitochondria with transverse cristae. Some cells contain a prominent Golgi apparatus with many lysosomelike structures. A very few cells have small intracytoplasmic lumina with microvilli and annulate lamellae. The assumption that the glassy-cell carcinoma of the cervix represents a poorly differentiated adenosquamous carcinoma finds support from our ultrastructural study.     

Glassy-Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix: Case Report with a Light and Electron Microscopy Study

A case of glassy-cell carcinoma of the cervix is reported. In the literature the tumor is regarded as an undifferentiated form of mixed carcinomas of the cervix. At the light microscopic level the tumor cells are characterized by a moderate amount of cytoplasm of ground-glass appearance that stains faintly blue with hematoxylin, a distinct cell wall that stains with eosin or with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and large vesiculated nuclei with prominent nucleoli. In the cytoplasm of very few tumor cells, a minute amount of Alcian blue-positive material is demonstrated. At the electron microscopic level the tumor cells show distinct cell borders with interdigitating cytoplasmic projections that contain many desmosomes. Cytoplasmic tonofilaments were demonstrated in few tumor cells. The nuclei show a euchromatic appearance with prominent mesh-basket nucleoli. The cytoplasm contains abundant ribosomes, polyribosomes, and round to oval mitochondria with transverse cristae. Some cells contain a prominent Golgi apparatus with many lysosomelike structures. A very few cells have small intracytoplasmic lumina with microvilli and annulate lamellae. The assumption that the glassy-cell carcinoma of the cervix represents a poorly differentiated adenosquamous carcinoma finds support from our ultrastructural study.     

p63蛋白在食管磷状细胞癌中的表达及意义

目的检测p63蛋白在食管癌组织中的表达情况,并探讨其与食管癌临床病理特征的关系。方法采用免疫组化检测p63蛋白在53例食管磷癌及癌旁组织中的表达情况。结果p63蛋白在食管癌组织中的阳性表达率为71.7%（38/53）,而在癌旁食管组织中的阳性表达率为35.8%（19/53）,两者比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。p63蛋白的表达与食管磷癌分化程度密切相关（P〈0.05）,其在低分化磷癌中的阳性表达率（89.5%）显著高于在高分化磷癌中的阳性表达率（46.2%）。p63蛋白的表达与食管磷癌的TNM分期、淋巴结转移、浸润深度均无明显相关性（P〉0.05）。结论p63蛋白在食管磷癌组织中呈高表达,表明其可能参与食管磷癌的发生发展。     

Tannic Acid Binding of Cell Surfaces in Normal, Premalignant, and Malignant Squamous Epithelium of the Human Uterine Cervix

Alterations in tannic acid (TA) binding capacity of cell surface carbohydrates in normal, premalignant, and malignant squamous epithelium of the human uterine cervix have been studied using electron microscopic visualization in combination with microdensitometric evaluation.

While in normal epithelium there is distinct binding in four to five cell layers of the deep intermediate zone, cells of carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer lesions lack TA binding. In moderate dysplasia an intermediate reacting pattern is found.

Deep intermediate cells in areas bordering the carcinoma in situ lesions do not show any binding, although their ultrastructure cannot be distinguished from similar cells in normal tissue.

The TA deposition within the deep intermediate zone is probably related to the presence here of glycoprotein-containing membrane-coating granules.

The finding that TA binding discriminates between cells in normal squamous epithelium and morphologically normal cells in juxtaposition with lesional areas in premalignant and malignant epithelium opens the possibility for a more reliable cytologic diagnosis of cervical epithelial neoplasia.     

The Expression of MicroRNA-155 in Plasma and Tissue Is Matched in Human Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

PurposeTumor-associated microRNAs have been detected in cancer, though whether plasma microRNA-155 (miR-155) could be a potential biomarker for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) prognosis is unclear. We aimed to determine how miR-155 can be used to predict the clinical characteristics of patients with LSCC and correctly diagnose them.ResultsA total of 280 LSCC patients and 560 age- and sex-matched controls were included in the study. The miR-155 level was more up-regulated in LSCC tissue than in the non-tumor tissues (13.6±2.4 vs. 3.1±0.80, p<0.001). Additionally, a significantly higher miR-155 level in plasma samples from LSCC patients than in those of the controls (8.9±1.25 vs. 1.8±0.8, p<0.001) was reported. Tissue miR-155 showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.933, with a sensitivity of 82.6% and a specificity of 89.2%. The AUC for plasma miR-155 was 0.757, with a sensitivity of 58.4% and a specificity of 69.5%. When early LSCC in TNM I stage was considered, tissue miR-155 showed an area under the curve of 0.804, with a sensitivity of 85.2% and a specificity of 87.3%.ConclusionThe expression of tissue and plasma miR-155 were significantly up-regulated in patients with LSCC. Our work will serve as a basis for further investigation, preferably large-scale validation in clinical trials.     

腺样鳞状细胞癌12例临床病理分析

１２例发生于外阴、阴茎、眼睑结膜、口腔、鼻腔、头部及下肢的腺样鳞癌病人中，男女各６人，年龄２４－７３岁，平均５８．４岁。肿瘤由角化鳞癌细胞形成的腺样结构和实性癌组织组成，均有广泛或较广泛的浸润，但有区域淋巴结转移者仅１例。局部扩大切除术治疗可有良好效果，此癌发生可能与普通鳞癌组织的变态性分化有关。     

薯蓣皂苷元在口腔鳞癌中的抗癌作用研究

目的 探究薯蓣皂苷元对口腔鳞癌 HSC4 细胞生物学行为的影响。 方法 将 HSC4 细胞分为薯蓣 皂苷元 0、 0. 5、 1、 2 μmol / L 4 组, CCK-8、 5-溴-2′-脱氧尿苷 (BrdU) 染色、 克隆形成实验、 流式细胞术、 划痕实验和 Transwell 实验分别检测细胞增殖、 凋亡、 迁移和侵袭, 免疫印迹检测 Bcl-2、 Bax 和 cleaced caspase-3 蛋白表达水平; JC-1 检测线粒体膜电位; H2DCFDA 检测活性氧 (ROS) 产生; 试剂盒检测谷胱 甘肽 (GSH) 和丙二醛 (MDA) 水平。 结果 与薯蓣皂苷元 0 μmol / L 组比较, 薯蓣皂苷元 1 μmol / L 组和 2 μmol / L 组细胞活力、 集落形成能力、 BrdU 阳性细胞率、 迁移和侵袭能力、 线粒体膜电位降低, 细胞凋亡 率升高, Bax 和 cleaced caspase-3 蛋白表达上调, Bcl-2 蛋白表达下调, ROS 和 MDA 水平升高, GSH 水平降 低。 结论 薯蓣皂苷元可抑制 HSC4 细胞的增殖和运动能力, 通过线粒体途径和 ROS 的产生诱导细胞凋亡。     

Pure Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: A Case Report

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix is an extremely rare malignancy of the female genital tract with a poorer clinical outcome than squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. We report a case of pure basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. A 70-yr-old woman with vaginal bleeding was referred to our institute. A basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Ib1, was diagnosed by a loop electrosurgical excision procedure cone biopsy. A radical hysterectomy was performed, along with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic lymph node dissection, and para-aortic lymph node sampling. Pathologic findings were consistent with a basaloid squamous cell carcinoma confined to the cervix without an extracervical tumor. No further treatment was administered and there was no clinical evidence of recurrence during the 12 months of follow-up. Follow-up for the patient is ongoing. Although basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix is thought to behave aggressively, accumulation of data on these rare tumors is necessary to determine whether their behavior differs significantly from that of conventional cervical squamous cell carcinoma of similar clinical stage. These data would be useful for defining the best diagnosis and treatment for these rare tumors.     

VAV3蛋白在喉鳞状细胞癌中的表达及作用机制

目的 研究VAV3蛋白在喉鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达情况,及其对喉癌临床分型、淋巴转移等影响,分析其可能的机制.方法 利用免疫组织化学方法检查VAV3蛋白在喉鳞状细胞癌组织及喉部非癌组织中的表达,检测VAV3蛋白对喉鳞状细胞癌侵袭,淋巴转移等影响.结果 VAV3蛋白在喉鳞状细胞癌组织中表达为69.76％,在喉部非癌组织中的表达为10％,前者明显高于后者,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.937,P=0.001).它的表达与临床分型、T分型及淋巴结转移有统计学意义(P＜0.05),与性别、年龄、吸烟、分型之间无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 VAV3蛋白在喉癌组织中高表达,且可促进喉癌组织侵袭、转移能力.VAV3蛋白高表达,可作为判断喉癌及预后的一种新的分子标志.     

口腔鳞癌患者血清催乳素水平的变化

研究口腔鳞癌患者血清催乳素(PRL)水平的变化.采用RIA检测了79名健康者和68例口腔鳞癌患者血清PRL水平.结果表明有38.2%(26/68)的患者血清PRL水平明显升高(P＜0.01);男女患者、各病变部位血清PRL水平之间无显著差异(P＞0.05).提示有部分口腔鳞癌患者存在高PRL血症且可能成为口腔鳞癌一个独立的预后因素.     

Cytochemistry and Ultrastructure of Normal and Neoplastic Cells Exfoliated from the Human Uterine Cervix

Cells exfoliated from the uterine exocervix from normal women at different stages of the reproductive period and from patients with invasive carcinoma were studied. Cell pellets were fixed in aldehydes and two different concentrations of OsO₄, and embedded in methacrylate or Epon. Semithick sections were used for general light microscopic study and for the visualization of glycogen. Ultrathin sections were used for (1) conventional electron microscopy, (2) high resolution analysis of the plasma membrane, and (3) the demonstration of glycogen and cell surface glycoconjugates by the Thiery method. Semithick sections stained with the Thiery method and viewed under the electron microscope were used for the study of surface projections.

Based on the size, shape, nuclear characteristics, amount and distribution of glycogen, type of surface protrusions, density and distribution of surface glycoconjugates, and plasma membrane fine structure, the cells exfoliated from all normal uterine cervices were grouped into five cell types. It is suggested that these types correspond to cells located in the different layers of the exocervical epithelium and, consequently, represent different degrees of normal differentiation.

The plasma membrane of carcinoma cells shared most of the characteristic of that of the least differentiated normal cells, indicating an early deviation of the differentiation process in carcinoma cells.     

介入治疗中晚期口腔颌面部鳞癌13例报告

目的探讨区域性动脉化疗口腔颌面部鳞癌的可行性及疗效。方法对13例病理诊断为口腔颌面部鳞癌的中晚期患者超选择性直接动脉灌注顺铂和阿霉素进行化疗,观察术中反应及术后疗效并随访,评价治疗的可行性及疗效。结果动脉化疗术中没有明显异常反映;动脉化疗的有效率为100.0%,肿瘤在化疗后当天或第2天,化疗局部疼痛和肿胀感缓解,口、鼻腔内出现分泌物或坏死组织脱落。13例中完全缓解(completeresponse,CR)5例,部分缓解(partialresponse,PR)8例。结论"介入动脉化疗"是治疗口腔颌面部鳞状细胞癌的有效手段之一,其疗效显著,避免手术之苦,可以作为综合序列治疗的重要组成部分。     

食管鳞癌组织中miRNAs差异表达谱的筛选及研究

目的 筛选并鉴定在食管鳞癌（ESCC）及癌旁组织中miRNAs的差异表达,为进一步阐明其在ESCC发病机制中的作用奠定基础。方法 选取在邯郸市第一医院行食管癌切除术患者新鲜的鳞癌组织及癌旁正常组织,各3例,抽提总RNA,利用miRNAs芯片筛选其中差异表达的miRNAs,并对miR-106b-3p通过进一步RT-qPCR 技术进行验证。结果 miRNAs芯片从配对组织中共筛检出62个差异表达的miRNAs,其中41个miRNAs表达上调,21个miRNAs表达下调,鳞癌组织与癌旁正常组织中差异表达的miRNAs比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。miR-106b-3p在ESCC组织中的表达高于癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,与芯片结果一致。结论 食管鳞癌组织中miRNAs的差异表达为进一步研究miRNAs在ESCC发病中的作用奠定了基础;miR-106b-3p的高表达可能与ESCC的发生、发展有关。     

头颈部鳞状细胞癌预后相关的miRNAs的生物信息学分析

目的 利用癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）数据库微小核糖核酸（miRNAs）表达谱数据分析头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）与癌旁正常组织间差异表达的miRNAs,结合临床信息寻找与HNSCC预后相关的miRNAs。方法 从TCGA中下载miRNAs表达数据,包括39例HNSCC患者和39个肿瘤邻近正常组织样本筛选差异表达的miRNAs,应用481例HNSCC患者的miRNAs表达谱和临床信息来评估找到的差异表达miRNAs的预后作用。结果 共筛选出114个差异表达的miRNAs,包括60个上调和54个下调的miRNAs。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示miR-4652-5p和miR-99a-3p与HNSCC患者预后相关,单因素和多因素Cox回归分析显示,miR-4652-5p和miR-99a-3p是HNSCC的重要预后因素。结论 miR-4652-5p和miR-99a-3p与HNSCC患者预后相关,但miR-4652-5p和miR-99a-3p在头颈鳞状细胞癌发生发展中的分子机制仍需更全面的基础和临床研究进行探讨。