口腔颌面部结节性筋膜炎临床病理分析（附3例报告）

目的：分析口腔颌面部结节性筋膜炎的临床病理特点，方法：对3例结节性筋膜炎性HE及免疫组化SP法染色和组织学观察，结果：3例结节性膜断断续续的为病史短，生长快，中年女性多见，发病部位为颊、舌、磨牙后区，肿物呈结节性，无包膜，直径在3cm以内，质偏硬，组织学特点为纤维母细胞增生活跃，核分裂象易见，“S”形结构，组织裂隙，外渗红细胞，粘液背是，Vim( ),SMA( ),Des(-).结论：结节性筋膜炎的本质是纤维母细胞和肌纤维母细胞增生，其组织学构型有诊断价值，需注意与肉瘤的鉴别诊断。     

口腔颌面部结节性筋膜炎6例报道

目的:总结口腔颌面部结节性筋膜炎的临床病理特点及鉴别诊断要点。方法:对1995-2003年收治的6例口腔颌面部结节性筋膜炎患者的临床资料进行回顾分析,探讨其临床特征、组织病理学特点、鉴别诊断、治疗及预后等。结果:6例结节性筋膜炎均为病程短、生长快的肿瘤中年女性多见。肿块呈结节形,直径为1.5～3.5cm。组织学特点为纤维母细胞增生活跃,核分裂像易见“,S”形结构、组织裂隙、外渗红细胞、黏液背景;免疫组化染色显示Vim( )、SMA( )、Des(-)。手术切除后,随访1～9a,无1例复发。结论:结节性筋膜炎的本质是纤维母细胞和肌纤维母细胞增生,属良性病变,切除后不易复发,预后良好。     

Oral nodular fasciitis. A case report

A rare case of nodular fasciitis arising in the buccinator muscle sheath in a 76-year-old patient is reported. Nodular fasciitis is a benign proliferation of fibroblasts, often mistaken for a sarcoma because of its rapid growth, rich cellularity and high mitotic activity. Although the cause of nodular fasciitis is unknown, it is likely that the fibroblastic proliferation is due to local injury or an inflammatory process.     

Nodular amyloidosis

An unusual intraoral form of amyloidosis, the nodular form, is discussed. Attention is directed to clinical, microscopic and immunohistochemical features. More specifically, the nodular form of this condition and the specific relationship in this patient to chronic hemodialysis and associated beta-2-microglobulin deposition is highlighted. An overview of other forms of amyloidosis is provided along with the chemical identity of each.     

Morphological cell changes due to chemical toxicity of a dental material: an electron microscopic study on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts and L929 cells

New endodontic materials with polymer bases may be more difficult to evaluate in cell cultures in vitro than conventional zinc oxide-eugenol cements. In order to study the morphological changes taking place in cells exposed to such materials, L929 cells and human periodontal fibroblasts were observed using scanning electron microscopic and transmission electron microscopic techniques. The morphological changes of the cells were correlated to the quantitative results observed simultaneously in cytotoxicity studies using the radiochromium release method. Results showed there was a relationship between the chromium release and the degree of individual cell damage. The periodontal ligament fibroblasts were more resistant to this kind of chemical injury than the L929 cells. Consequently, it may be proper to use periodontally derived cells for the study of cytotoxic mechanisms of polymer endodontic filling materials.     

MRI sign of nodular fasciitis: a case report

Soft tissue masses of the facial region have common clinical and radiological features resulting in varied differential diagnosis. Nodular fasciitis is a benign proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts that may be mistaken for a sarcomatous lesion because of its rapid growth. Buccal space, although an uncommon site for the lesion, can be involved by nodular fasciitis. Diagnosis is usually provided by histopathology. A case of nodular fasciitis of buccal space is reported. This case demonstrated characteristic thickening and enhancement of the adjacent fascial plane, supporting the preoperative specific diagnosis of the lesion.     

Intracellular collagen in recurrent ameloblastic fibroma.

Electron microscopic examination of tissue from a twice recurrent ameloblastic fibroma revealed the presence of intracellular collagen fibres in fibroblasts active in protein synthesis. The intracellular fibres were morphologically identical to collagen fibres located extracellularly. The literature on intracellular collagen in biological systems and pathological states has been reviewed, and attention is focussed on collagen phagocytosis and degradation by fibroblasts which are currently considered to represent the basis of connective tissue remodelling and turnover.     

Intracellular collagen in recurrent ameloblastic fibroma

Abstract. Electron microscopic examination of tissue from a twice recurrent ameloblastic fibroma revealed the presence of intracellular collagen fibres in fibroblasts active in protein synthesis. The intracellular fibres were morphologically identical to collagen fibres located extracellularly. The literature on intracellular collagen in biological systems and pathological states has been reviewed, and attention is focussed on collagen phagocytosis and degradation by fibroblasts which are currently considered to represent the basis of connective tissue remodelling and turnover.     

Collagenolysis by human gingival fibroblast cell lines.

Human gingival fibroblast cell lines were initiated in flask cultures from four periodontal patients with the diagnoses of periodontitis (two patients), fibromatosis, and Dilantin hyperplasia. The collagenolytic propensity of these fibroblasts cultivated on collagen-coated cover slips and the inhibitory effect of serum were evaluated by direct microscopic observations.     

Isothermal age-hardening behaviour in a multi-purpose dental casting gold alloy

The isothermal age-hardening behaviour of a multi-purpose dental casting gold alloy was investigated by means of hardness testing, X-ray diffraction study, scanning electron microscopic observations and energy dispersive spectroscopy. By ageing of the solution-treated specimen at 400-500 degrees C, two phases of the Au-rich alpha 1 phase with an f.c.c. structure and the alpha 2 phase with an ordered f.c.c. structure based on Pt3In were transformed into three phases of the alpha 1 phase, the alpha 2 phase and the beta phase with an ordered f.c.t. structure based on PtZn. Hardening was attributed to the fine nodular precipitation resulting from the formation of the beta phase in the alpha 1 matrix. Softening was due to the coarsening of the fine nodular precipitates as the result of consumption of the alpha 2 phase.     

Collagen degradation by human gingival fibroblasts. I. In vivo phagocytosis

An electron microscopic survey and stereological analysis were made of the lamina propria of human gingival tissues from 8 patients with periodontitis and 6 patients clinically free of pathology (normal). The connective tissue was classified and divided into Zones A, B, and C, according to their collagen content, fibroblastic status (active or inactive), and numbers of inflammatory cells. Fibroblastic phagocytosis of collagen was most prominent in relatively stable areas (Zone A) where the collagen content was high, fibroblasts were classified as inactive (resting), and there were no inflammatory cells. Active (synthesizing) fibroblasts were conspicuous in Zone B, where intercollagenous spaces were wide and mononuclear cells occurred. Phagocytosis of collagen in the human gingiva was found to be a minor function of fibroblasts in Zone B and the highly inflamed Zone C.     

不同种属真皮成纤维细胞在不同血清浓度培养基中生长的比较观察

目的 :探讨作为皮肤组织工程种子细胞的不同种属动物成纤维细胞在不同培养基中的生长状态 ,以获得最佳生长状态的种子细胞。方法 :分别配制体积分数为 10 0、50、2 0ml/L血清和 2 0ml/L血清 牛垂体提取物 (BPE ,0 .0 2 5g/L) 4种培养基来培养人、York猪、SD鼠的真皮成纤维细胞 ,通过MTT比色和BrdU检测观察细胞的生长状态。结果 :成纤维细胞在 4种培养基中的生长状态有所不同 :人成纤维细胞在 10 0、50ml/L血清和 2 0ml/L血清 BPE的培养基中生长良好 ,York猪成纤维细胞在 50ml/L血清和 2 0ml/L血清 BPE的培养基中生长良好 ,SD鼠成纤维细胞只有在 2 0ml/L血清 BPE的培养基中生长状态好 ,增殖快。结论 :不同浓度血清的培养液对真皮成纤维细胞的生长都有影响 ,血清体积分数为 2 0ml/L(含BPE ,0 .0 2 5g/L)的培养液对3种真皮成纤维的生长都适合 ,血清体积分数为 10 0ml/L和 50ml/L的培养液也分别适合于人、York猪真皮成纤维细胞的生长     

Prognostic value of cyclin D1, p27, and p63 in oral leukoplakia

BACKGROUND: Studies on the expression of genes regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis are essential to help better understand the severity and possible malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia. METHODS: The characteristics of cyclin D1, p27, and p63 were investigated in this microscopic study, complementing our previous results with Ki67, p53, and the apoptosis index. Clinical and histologic as well as immunohistochemical studies were carried out on oral leukoplakia of 18 patients. Homogenous, or non-homogenous (nodular or speckled) and erythroleukoplakia were determined clinically. Pathologic classification was performed according to the degree of dysplasia. Immunoperoxidase reaction for cyclin D1, p27, and p63 was carried out on the biopsy specimens and the positivity of the reactions was calculated for 1000 epithelial cells. RESULTS: The expression of cyclin D1 increased in parallel with the severity of leukoplakia. The p27 index was 14-16% in homogenous and nodular leukoplakias but it was substantially lower to 1-2% in erythroleukoplakia. The p63 index was 10% in homogenous, 5% in nodular or speckled, but nearly 20% in erythroleukoplakia, on the average. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the characteristic expression of cyclin D1, p27, and p63 in various forms of leukoplakia may be of prognostic value.     

Periodontal ligament fibroblasts, preosteoblasts, and prechondrocytes express receptors for epidermal growth factor in vivo:A comparative radioautographic study

Radioiodinated mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF) was used in light and electron microscopic radioautographic studies of the binding of EGF to various cells of young rats. High levels of bound EGF were noted on periodontal ligament fibroblasts, preosteoblasts, and prechondrocytes. Fibroblast in the oral mucosa, tail subepithelial connective tissue, and tail tendon demonstrated much lower levels of binding. Ultrastructural radioautography revealed that silver grains, indicative of radioiodinated EGF, were positioned adjacent to or over the plasma membranes of the cells at 5 minutes after injection of the growth factor. The significance of the high level of EGF receptors on periodontal ligament fibroblasts, comparable to the number observed on preosteocytes and prechondrocytes, is discussed in terms of the possible progenitor role of periodontal ligament fibroblasts for adjacent hard tissue-producing cells.     

Invasion of Porphyromonas gingivalis into human gingival fibroblasts in vitro

Porphyromonas gingivalis, one of the important periodontal pathogens, exhibits many virulence properties. Among these, the adhesion to and invasion into host tissues are crucial for the initiation and progression of periodontal diseases. While evidence indicating the ability of this organism to adhere to and invade into epithelial cells as well as endothelial cells has accumulated, that involving the gingival fibroblasts is very limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the ability of P. gingivalis to invade primary cultures of human gingival fibroblasts using the antibiotic protection assay. In addition, interactions between P. gingivalis and the gingival fibroblasts were investigated using electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that P. gingivalis 381 could invade human gingival fibroblasts with an invasion efficiency of 0.17%. Using the scanning electron microscopic study, numerous filopodia were seen on the surfaces of gingival fibroblasts after P. gingivalis adhesion. The transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of an intracellular bacterium. After 90 min incubation, the bacterium was found in the cytoplasm of the gingival fibroblasts, without membrane surrounding. Some fibroblasts contained a number of vacuoles and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum even when bacteria were not found intracellularly. Thus, the invasion of this organism into the gingival fibroblasts may play a direct role in the destruction of the periodontal tissues and may also relate to the difficulties of eradicating the bacteria from periodontitis lesions.     

Microfilaments in human cementoblasts and periodontal fibroblasts

An electron microscopic survey was carried out on the human periodontal ligament (PDL), including a part of the gingival connective tissue attached to extracted tooth roots (11 functioning premolars and 6 nonfunctioning third molars) in order to examine the characteristics of microfilaments (6 nm) in cementoblasts and PDL fibroblasts. Microfilaments which were grouped in bundles with semiperiodic dense nodes or in meshworks just beneath the cell membrane were seen predominantly in the cells characterized by their ultrastructurally immature appearance. These microfilaments were more commonly observed in third molar PDL than in premolar PDL and, in general, more conspicuous in cementoblasts than in fibroblasts. The significance of microfilaments in human PDL is discussed, particularly in relation to cell differentiation and morphogenesis.     

口腔粘膜下纤维化组织中内皮素1的免疫电镜研究

目的 观察内皮素（ＥＴ－１）在人口腔粘膜下纤维（ＯＳＦ）组织中的形态学定位，并探讨ＥＴ－１与ＯＳＦ病理学的关系。方法 用免疫电镜技术检测ＥＴ－１在ＯＳＦ组织中的超微结构定位。结果 ＥＴ－１免疫阳性颗粒主要存在于ＯＳＦ组织的上皮细胞、成纤维细胞及内皮细胞的胞浆内。正常口腔粘膜组织中未发现ＥＴ－１免疫阳性颗粒。ＯＳＦ组织中，上皮细胞内的ＥＴ－１阳性颗粒定位于细胞膜上，胞浆内的阳性颗粒可能定位于粗面内质     

Ultrastructural in vitro characterization of a porous hydroxyapatite/bone cell interface

In order for the hydroxyapatite implant material interface to new bone to be characterized, osteogenic mouse calvarial mesenchymal cells were grown in vitro in contact with a porous hydroxyapatite (PHA). After the mesenchymal cell culture was incubated for 12 to 13 days, the resulting tissue-containing bone colonies were fixed, embedded, sectioned, and stained for microscopic evaluation. Light and transmission electron microscopy (with conventional staining) and phosphotungstic acid cytochemistry were used to explore and record the optical microscopic and ultrastructural interfaces at the hydroxyapatite surface. Osteoblasts, fibroblasts, bone, and cartilage were observed and photographed at the implant surface. Osteoblasts found in conjunction with well-developed collagen, matrix vesicles in the extracellular matrix, and newly formed hydroxyapatite crystals on the PHA surface confirmed the beginning of woven bone formation. Collagen fibers were observed directly in contact with the PHA when osteoblasts were present. Polysaccharides were localized among the collagen fibers in the implant-cell extracellular space, indicating a rich complex carbohydrate layer in relation to the collagen of immature bone. Fibroblasts and chondroblasts at the implant surface secreted no collagen, but an amorphous layer was visible between the fibroblasts and the implant surface. When polysaccharides were stained, an electron-dense film appeared where the amorphous layer came into contact with the implant material. Collagen was secreted from the cell surface furthest from the implant. Osteoblasts and fibroblasts/chondroblasts, when surrounding PHA, seem to take on two different interfacial functions: Osteoblasts secrete collagen in a bone-initiating extracellular matrix with carbohydrates at the implant surface, whereas fibroblasts/chondroblasts appear to attach to the implant with a carbohydrate-rich attachment substance, but with no collagen at the interface. This study confirms in vivo data that PHA is a viable implant material because it is biocompatible and, unlike several other materials, appears to stimulate, or at least to permit, osteogenesis.     

Toxicity of sonicated extracts of Bacteroides gingivalis on human pulpal cells and L929 cells in vitro.

Human pulpal fibroblasts and L929 cells were treated with sonicated extracts of two strains of Bacteroides gingivalis (W83 and ATCC 33277). The cell reaction was evaluated by monitoring cell growth and DNA synthesis. Light and scanning electron microscopic analysis were used to evaluate morphological changes of the cells. Extracts from both bacterial strains exerted a growth inhibitory effect on the cells. The pulpal cells were more sensitive than L929 cells. The ATCC 33277 strain of B. gingivalis was more cytotoxic than the W83 strain. Pulpal cells appeared to be markedly affected on the microscopic level. The diffusion of these toxic bacterial by-products, through dentin to the pulp, may account for pulpal cell damage that contributes to the initiation of pulpal pathosis.     

Tetracycline administration increases protein (presumably procollagen) synthesis and secretion in periodontal ligament fibroblasts of streptozotocininduced diabetic rats

Streptozotocin-induced, insulin-deficient diabetic adult rats were daily administrated either minocycline or a chemically-modified non-antimicrobial tetracycline (CMT) by oral gavage for a 3-week time period; untreated diabetic and non-diabetic rats served as controls. On day 21, all rats received an intravenous injection of 3H-proline followed by perfusion fixation with an aldehyde mixture at 20 minutes and 4 hours after isotope injection. The upper and lower mandibles of these rats were dissected and processed for quantitative electron microscopic autoradiography to study 3H-proline utilization by fibroblasts in the periodontal ligament (PDL) of molars. In the non-diabetic controls, at 20 min after 3H-proline injection, radioprecursor was incorporated by the Golgi-RER system of PDL fibroblasts. At the 4-h time period, most of the label was present over the collagen fibers around these cells. In contrast, PDL fibroblasts in the untreated diabetic rats showed marked abnormalities ultrastructurally and minimal uptake (20 min) and secretion (4 h) of labeled proline. At both time periods, in both minocycline- and CMT-treated diabetic rats, fibroblasts were structurally more normal and the radioprecursor was localized in the fibroblasts and the PDL matrix in a pattern similar to that seen in the control rats. These results suggest that the diabetes-induced structural abnormalities and suppression of synthesis and secretion of protein (presumably collagen and its precursor) by PDL fibroblasts can be restored to near-normal by administration of a tetracycline and that this effect is mediated by a non-antimicrobial property of this family of antibiotics.