噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的效果及其对气道炎症的影响

目的 观察噻托溴铵吸入剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的临床疗效及其对气道炎症的影响.方法 将67例COPD稳定期患者按诱导痰嗜酸粒细胞计数结果分为两组,A组:支气管舒张试验阴性且痰液嗜酸粒细胞计数≥3％;B组:中性粒细胞明显升高,且痰液嗜酸粒细胞计数＜3％.两组均给予噻托溴铵吸入剂18 μg/次,1次/d,连用6周;检测治疗前后肺功能;同时取诱导痰行细胞分析及测定白三烯B4(LTB4)的含量.结果 6周后,A、B两组第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)较基线值分别升高(0.13±0.10)L、(0.04±0.05)L;FVC分别升高(0.16±0.24)L、(0.03±0.05)L,两组相比差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).A组治疗前后痰液嗜酸粒细胞数、LTB4无统计学差异(P均＞ 0.05),B组痰液中性粒细胞数、LTB4较治疗前明显下降(P均＜0.05).结论 吸入噻托溴铵能改善COPD患者临床症状,减轻以中性粒细胞浸润为主的COPD患者的气道炎症,而对有嗜酸粒细胞浸润的COPD患者气道炎症则无明显作用.     

国产噻托溴铵粉雾剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的多中心临床研究

目的 评价国产噻托溴铵粉雾剂治疗COPD的临床疗效和安全性.方法 采用多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂平行对照的研究方法,对205例筛选合格的I、Ⅱ级COPD稳定期患者,采用随机数字表法给予国产噻托溴铵粉雾剂18μg,每日1次,或用安慰剂治疗12周.在筛选期、用药后6和12周分别测定肺功能.结果 103例入选噻托溴铵组,用药后12周临床症状的控制率为25.2%(26/103),有效率为65.1%(67/103);102例入选对照组,用药后12周临床控制率为5.1%(5/99),有效率为30.3%(30/99).噻托溴铵组用药后12周FEV1增加值和增加率[(0.2±0.3)L和(19.2±29.1)%]明显高于对照组[(0.0±0.2)L和(0.8±18.2)%],FVC增加值和增加率(0.2 L和11.6%)明显高于对照组(0.0 L和2.2%).噻托溴铵组不良反应主要为口干和咽喉不适等,发生率(7.8%,8/103)略低于对照组(12.8%,13/102),差异无统计学意义(X2=1.381,P>0.05).结论 国产噻托溴铵粉雾剂可显著改善COPD患者的临床症状和肺功能,临床应用有效、安全.     

噻托溴铵对COPD患者夜间低氧血症和炎症因子的影响观察

目的 探讨噻托溴铵对COPD患者夜间低氧血症的疗效,并观察其对患者炎症因子的影响.方法 选择100例稳定期COPD患者,随机分为对照组和实验组.对照组50例,采用原有治疗方案,实验组50例,在原有治疗方案的基础上,加服用噻托溴铵.分别比较两者患者治疗前后的夜间血压饱和度、晨起血气分析结果、肺功能和炎症因子的差异.结果 实验组治疗后MSaO2、MmSaO2和T90均高于对照组,P〈0.05.实验组治疗后PaO2、和SaO2均高于对照组,PaCO2低于对照组,P〈0.05.对照组治疗后IC为1.70±0.12L,实验组治疗后IC为1.86±0.2 L.实验组治疗后IC高于对照组,P〈0.05.实验组治疗后IL-8 、LTB4和MPO低于对照组,P〈0.05.结论 噻托溴铵可以显著改善COPD患者的夜间低氧血症,可以提高深吸气量,并具有显著的抗炎作用.     

抗反流治疗联合噻托溴铵对慢性阻塞性肺病伴胃食管反流病的临床疗效

目的:探讨抗反流治疗联合噻托溴铵对伴有胃食管反流的慢性阻塞性肺病(chonic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者的临床疗效.方法:选取2014-01/2014-12在沧州和平医院就诊的48例COPD合并胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,各24例,观察组给予埃索美拉唑、莫沙必利及噻托溴铵粉吸入剂治疗,对照组单纯给予噻托溴铵粉吸入剂治疗,比较两组患者治疗前后胃食管反流病评分量表(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease-Q,GERD-Q)评分、慢性阻塞性肺病急性发作(AECOPD)次数以及临床疗效.结果:两组患者治疗1年后,GERD-Q评分:观察组明显下降(9.83±2.65 vs 15.23±3.75,P0.001),对照组下降不显著(13.32±3.02 vs 14.98±3.64,P0.05);两组患者AECOPD次数较治疗前均下降:观察组(1.08±0.30 vs 1.59±0.34),对照组(1.33±0.31 vs 1.60±0.41).而观察组较对照组下降更明显(1.08±0.30 vs 1.33±0.31,P0.01);临床疗效:两组COPD症状改善比较(91.6%vs 87.50%,P0.05),观察组GERD症状显著优于对照组(95.83%vs 66.67%,P0.01).结论:临床中对稳定期COPD合并GEGD患者给予抗反流治疗联合噻托溴铵是可行的,可有效改善GERD-Q评分、降低AECOPD次数、临床疗效显著.     

国产噻托溴铵粉雾剂与沙美特罗替卡松治疗COPD的肺功能观察

目的分析国产噻托溴铵粉雾剂与沙美特罗替卡松治疗COPD的肺功能变化。方法选取48例门诊Ⅱ级中度COPD患者,男28例,女20例,其中单一吸入国产噻托溴铵粉雾剂(天晴速乐,18μg)14例,单一吸入沙美特罗替卡松(舒利迭,50/250μg)34例。用药前、用药后第4周、第8周记录肺功能。结果所有入选患者在用药4周及8周后肺功能均较前改善,噻托溴铵组的第4周FEV1增加值为133.5±11.8 ml,第8周为68.8±22.0 ml,第4周FVC增加值为151.1±55.8 ml,第8周为55.9±19.6 ml;沙美特罗替卡松组第4周FEV1增加值100.6±24.0 ml,第8周为60.1±17.6 ml,第4周FVC增加值为137.5±41.3 ml,第8周为55±22.4 ml。两组FEV1、FVC增加值无统计学差异。结论国产噻托溴铵粉雾剂与沙美特罗替卡松均可在短期内改善COPD患者肺功能,两组各自的FEV1、FVC增加值差异无统计学意义,噻托溴铵组患者依从性逊于沙美特罗替卡松组。     

噻托溴铵联合布地奈德福莫特罗吸入对高海拔慢性肺心病气道炎症和呼吸功能的影响

目的探讨噻托溴铵联合布地奈德福莫特罗吸入对高海拔慢性肺心病(HACCP)患者气道炎症和呼吸功能的影响。方法 128例HACCP患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组64例。2组在抗感染、祛痰、茶碱、氧疗常规治疗的基础上,观察组给予噻托溴铵(18μg/次,每日1次)联合布地奈德福莫特罗吸入(160μg/4.5μg/次,每日2次);对照组仅给予噻托溴铵吸入,剂量同观察组。治疗前、治疗6周后进行肺功能、动脉血气、诱导痰TNF-α、IL-6、运动耐力测定及BODE指数评估。结果治疗后,观察组和对照组的FEV1%pred、FEV1/FVC、Pa O2、6MWD[分别为(45.3±6.7)%、(47.8±7.1)%、(51.5±5.8)mm Hg、(421.5±52.8)m和(40.1±6.5)%、(43.4±6.7)%、(47.7±5.4)mm Hg、(378.7±50.4)m]较治疗前[分别为(35.4±6.6)%、(39.3±7.1)%、(42.6±5.5)mm Hg、(342.6±55.5)m和(34.9±6.4)%、(38.6±7.0)%、(42.0±5.5)mm Hg、(340.5±52.4)m]显著升高(均P0.01),Pa CO2、诱导痰TNF-α、IL-6水平、BODE指数[分别为(47.8±5.8)mm Hg、(35.7±6.7)ng/L、(27.5±5.4)ng/L、(4.4±0.8)和(51.2±5.6)mm Hg、(40.3±6.4)ng/L、(31.2±5.6)ng/L、(5.2±0.8)]较治疗前[分别为(56.8±6.1)mm Hg、(48.6±6.6)ng/L、(35.5±6.2)ng/L、(6.1±0.9)和(56.1±5.9)mm Hg、(47.9±6.2)ng/L、(34.9±6.6)ng/L、(6.0±0.8)]显著降低(均P0.01)。观察组与对照组比较差异非常显著(均P0.01)。6MWD与TNF-α、IL-6显著负相关,与FEV1%pred、Pa O2显著正相关(均P0.001);BODE指数与TNF-α、IL-6显著正相关,与FEV1%pred、Pa O2显著负相关(均P0.001)。结论噻托溴铵联合LABA+ICS或单纯噻托溴铵气道吸入均能显著地改善HACCP患者的气道炎症、呼吸功能,提高运动耐力和生活质量,噻托溴铵联合LABA+ICS的疗效优于单纯噻托溴铵。     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松吸入对稳定期COPD患者血清炎症细胞因子及肺功能的影响评价

目的 探讨联合应用噻托溴铵及沙美特罗替卡松吸入剂（舒利迭50/250 μg）对稳定期COPD患者血浆炎症细胞因子（IL-8、TNF-α）及肺功能的影响.方法 选取稳定期COPD患者80例分成两组,对照组口服舒弗美,观察组联合应用噻托溴铵及舒利迭,治疗12个月.测定患者IL-8、TNF-α及肺功能.结果 两组治疗后血清IL-8、TNF-α均下降,肺功能指标均改善,对照组（P〉0.05）无显著差异;观察组（P＜0.05）有显著差异.两组比较观察组改善更明显（P＜0.05）.结论 噻托溴铵与舒利迭联合吸入能明显降低COPD患者IL-8、TNF-α水平,减轻气道炎症,改善肺功能.     

老年人稳定期慢阻肺应用噻托溴铵的临床观察

目的探讨老年人COPD稳定期应用噻托溴铵治疗的疗效。方法选取58例慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期的患者,并随机分成两组即噻托溴铵组(30例)和异丙托溴铵组(28例),噻托溴铵组给予噻托溴铵治疗,异丙托溴铵组给予异丙托溴铵治疗,两组疗程均为60天,通过观察两组患者临床症状及肺功能改善情况等指标,分析对比两组疗效差别。结果噻托溴铵组的临床症状、肺功能改善情况明显优于异丙托溴铵组相关指标,P<0.05。结论噻托溴铵用于稳定期COPD的治疗效果优于异丙托溴铵。     

噻托溴铵治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病疗效观察

目的评价噻托溴铵治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的疗效和安全性。方法将50例年龄40～75岁稳定期Ⅰ、Ⅱ级COPD患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组吸入噻托溴铵干粉剂(18μg,每日1次)治疗13周。在治疗前,治疗4周及12周分别测定肺功能。结果治疗组第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1/FVC、FEV1占预计值的百分比上升值较对照组有有显著性差异(P<0.05)。噻托溴铵的常见不良反应为口干(2例,8%),无心血管系统异常和心电图异常报告。结论噻托溴铵对于稳定期Ⅰ、Ⅱ级COPD患者疗效显著且安全可靠。     

噻托溴铵和氨茶碱对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病的干预作用

目的评价噻托溴铵干粉剂对中、重度稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能和气道重塑的影响。方法采用随机对照研究140例COPD患者,噻托溴铵组使用噻托溴铵干粉剂,对照组使用氨茶碱片,总观察时间12 w,治疗前后测定肺功能,酶联免疫吸附测定痰中转化生长因子(TGF)-β1。结果治疗后徵托溴铵组深吸气量(OIC)、第1秒用力肺活量(FEV1)和用力肺活量(FVC)明显改善,分别增加了102、256、154 ml,TGF-β1阳性率为37.5%,对照组肺功能改善不明显,TGF-β1阳性率为65.0%。噻托溴铵组TGF-β1阳性率低于对照组。FEV1与TGF-β1阳性率呈负相关。结论噻托溴铵能改善中、重度稳定期COPD患者的肺功能和气道重塑,FEV1与TGF-β1阳性率呈负相关。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者诱导痰和血浆中白三烯B4的变化以及茶碱对其的影响

目的探讨白三烯B4(LTB4)在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者诱导痰和血浆的变化以及茶碱对其的影响.方法这个试验是前瞻性随机对照非盲法研究.40例COPD稳定期患者(C组),随机分为CA组(口服茶碱0.2 g/次,每天2次,1个月)与CB组(不用任何茶碱类药物).15名健康非吸烟者为正常对照组(H组).评定各组基线水平以及C组随访1个月后的临床症状与生活质量评分,测定肺功能指标、诱导痰细胞计数与分类,并用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)与酶免疫试验(EIA)方法分别测定诱导痰和血浆白细胞介素8(IL-8)与LTB4浓度.结果 (1)C组诱导痰及血浆的LTB4水平分别为(794±305)pg/mg·pro、(5 219±1 185)ng/L,均显著高于H组[(155±64)pg/mg·pro、(2 283±489)ng/L,P均＜0.05].(2)诱导痰的LTB4水平与中性粒细胞、IL-8水平呈显著正相关(r分别为0.453、0.364,P均＜0.05).(3)CA组在茶碱治疗前、后诱导痰LTB4水平分别为(812±592)、(657±459)pg/mg·pro,血浆水平为(5 422±935)、(4 589±1 057)ng/L;CB组试验前、后诱导痰LTB4水平分别为(776±227)、(860±194)pg/mg·pro,血浆水平为(5 074±1 850)、(6 063±2 450)ng/L;这两组治疗前、后比较差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).结论 COPD患者LTB4水平增高,参与气道炎症过程.茶碱的治疗不能显著降低诱导痰与血浆的LTB4水平.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期下呼吸道细菌定植与肺功能关系研究

目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者下呼吸道细菌定植(lower airway bacterial colonization,LABC)与气道炎症和肺功能损害之间的关系.方法 在稳定期入选确诊中、重度COPD患者(男性38例,中度24例)46例,于基线期进行痰菌落计数、细菌培养,细胞因子检测和肺功能检查,随访1年后统计患者COPD急性加重次数,并于研究结束时复测肺功能.结果 在基线期痰细菌菌落计数＞104 cfu/ml的患者为15例(32.6%),提示存在LABC,以流感嗜血杆菌为主(7/15).存在LABC患者基线期痰液中的白介素6及肿瘤坏死因子α[分别为(188.33±127.19)pg/ml和(169.33±119.86)pg/ml]显著高于无LABC患者组[分别为(104.84±133.84)pg/ml和(100.97±108.85)pg/ml](P＜0.05);两组1年内急性加重次数分别为(2.92±1.11)次和(2.21±0.49)次,而第1秒用力呼气容积下降值分别为(0.063±0.12)L和(0.044±0.13)L,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);肺功能下降水平与急性加重发生次数呈显著正相关(P＜0.05).结论 部分COPD稳定期患者的气道中存在LABC,以流感嗜血杆菌为主,LABC可能是影响COPD病程的重要因素.     

Effect of the oral leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist LTB019 on inflammatory sputum markers in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a LTB4 receptor antagonist on inflammatory markers in induced sputum, in particular sputum neutrophilia, in ex-smokers with moderate stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The trial followed a double-blind, randomized, cross-over design including two treatment periods (4 weeks) separated by a 4-week washout period. Sputum inductions and lung function measurements were carried out at the beginning of each period, and after 2 and 4 weeks. Twenty-four patients were included (18/6 m/f; mean (+/-S.D.) age 64+/-5 years; FEV 1 57+/-10% predicted); the per-protocol population comprised 17 patients. No significant differences occurred between LTB019 and placebo regarding the percentage of sputum neutrophils (treatment means, 68.0% vs. 69.3%), total cell count (in units of 10(6)/mL, log e of treatment means: 1.56 vs. 1.27), or the levels of MPO, IL-8, and TNF-alpha. There were also no differences in FEV 1, FVC, or the use of rescue medication. We therefore conclude that a 4-week treatment with LTB019 had no effect on sputum neutrophil numbers and related cytokine levels in these patients, despite the plasma concentrations achieved being similar to those shown to prevent the ex vivo LTB4-induced upregulation of CD11b/18 on neutrophils. The present data suggest that LTB4 antagonism by LTB019 is not a promising therapeutic approach for attenuating chronic airway neutrophilia, at least in patients with moderate COPD.     

青蒿琥酯对 TNBS 诱导的小鼠结肠炎免疫调节机制的研究

背景: 青蒿素及其衍生物具有免疫调节作用,能显著减轻类风湿性关节炎和系统性红斑狼疮的症状和体征。目的: 探讨青蒿琥酯对三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)诱导的小鼠结肠炎的免疫调节机制。方法: 18只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为乙醇对照组、TNBS模型组和青蒿琥酯治疗组,以TNBS灌肠建立小鼠结肠炎模型,青蒿琥酯治疗组腹腔注射青蒿琥酯150 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)。实验第8d,处死小鼠。行结肠组织病理学评分,检测结肠组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性,以ELISA法检测结肠组织干扰素(IFN)-γ、白细胞介素(IL)-17、IL-4、IL-10和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α含量。结果: 与TNBS模型组相比,青蒿琥酯治疗组结肠组织病理学评分、MPO活性、IFN-γ、IL-17和TNF-α含量显著降低[1.00±0.63对2.83±0.41,(5.62±2.36)U/g对(15.10±3.92)U/g,(132.56±37.09)pg/mg对(221.44±41.99)pg/mg,(89.73±29.86)pg/mg对(229.72±78.58)pg/mg,(408.02±83.13)pg/mg对(692.79±217.51)pg/mg](P0.05),IL-10含量显著升高[(188.66±49.87)pg/mg对(121.02±21.57)pg/mg](P0.05)。除组织病理学评分和IL-10含量外,青蒿琥酯治疗组上述各指标与乙醇对照组无明显差异。各组IL-4含量无明显差异。结论: 青蒿琥酯可减轻TNBS引起的小鼠结肠炎,其机制可能通过抑制Th1/Th17免疫应答、上调保护性细胞因子IL-10含量而发挥免疫调节作用。     

Leukotriene B4 in exhaled breath condensate and sputum supernatant in patients with COPD and asthma

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Some patients with COPD present with significant reversibility of airflow limitation after receiving bronchodilation therapy. Leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of both COPD and asthma. We tested the hypothesis that COPD patients with airflow reversibility and asthmatic patients who smoke might have similar levels of LTB(4) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and sputum supernatant. The repeatability and stability of LTB(4) measurements were additionally studied. DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional study. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: We studied 30 patients with COPD (15 smokers [FEV(1), 56% predicted; SD, 6% predicted]; 15 patients with significant reversibility in airway obstruction after bronchodilation [FEV(1), 14% predicted; SD, 2% predicted]). Fifteen asthmatic patients who smoked, with similar FEV(1) and reversibility were also studied. Ten healthy smokers served as control subjects. SETTING: A hospital research laboratory. INTERVENTIONS: Spirometry and reversibility testing were performed on the first visit. On the following day, EBC was collected for the measurement of LTB(4), and induced sputum was collected for differential cell counts and LTB(4) measurement in the sputum supernatant. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: LTB(4) levels in EBC [mean (SD)] were increased in COPD patients (mean, 86.7 pg/mL; SD, 19 pg/mL) and asthmatic patients (mean, 97.5 pg/mL; SD, 15 pg/mL) compared to control subjects (mean, 32.3 pg/mL; SD, 10 pg/mL; p < 0.0001 for both groups). COPD patients with airflow reversibility (mean, 99.8 pg/mL; SD, 12 pg/mL) had values similar to those of asthmatic patients (mean, 97.5 pg/mL; SD, 15 pg/mL; p = 0.2) and higher than those of COPD patients without airflow reversibility (mean, 73.7 pg/mL; SD, 17 pg/mL; p = 0.002). Similar results were observed in the sputum supernatant. Measurements of LTB(4) in EBC and sputum were repeatable on two consecutive days, but measurements in the frozen samples of EBC and sputum were not stable after 3 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with asthma and reversible COPD presented with higher LTB(4) values compared to patients with nonreversible COPD and healthy smokers. This difference may be mainly attributed to the presence of reversibility in airway obstruction, probably as part of a common underlying inflammatory process.     

Variability of sputum inflammatory mediators in COPD and α1-antitrypsin deficiency

There is inherent daily variability of sputum inflammatory mediators in stable-state patients with usual chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The variability of pulmonary inflammation in patients with α(1)-antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) is unknown. Our study aimed to quantify this variability, in comparison to patients with usual COPD, in order to facilitate power calculations for proof of concept trials of putative specific anti-inflammatory agents in both groups. Sputum interleukin (IL)-8, myeloperoxidase (MPO), leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) and differential cell counts were measured in 12 usual COPD patients and 12 A1ATD patients on nine occasions over a 1-month period. All samples were obtained in the stable clinical state. There was significant daily variability in all mediators in all patients. A1ATD patients had higher sputum concentrations of IL-8 and LTB(4) compared with usual COPD, but lower levels of MPO and absolute neutrophil counts. Patients with usual COPD had more intra-patient variability, A1ATD patients demonstrated greater inter-patient variability. There are increased concentrations of pulmonary inflammatory mediators but fewer sputum neutrophils in A1ATD compared with usual COPD. The daily variability of inflammatory mediators and cell counts was significantly reduced in both groups by averaging sequential samples. This can be utilised to perform power calculations for future proof of concept studies; averaging three sequential samples appears optimum.     

孟鲁司特钠治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病122例临床疗效观察

目的 探讨孟鲁司特钠治疗COPD的临床疗效.方法 将122例COPD患者随机分为对照组和观察组,各61例.对照组采用抗感染、氧疗、祛痰、支气管舒张剂等常规治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用孟鲁司特钠10 mg,每晚睡前服用,疗程为4周.测定和分析治疗前和治疗4周后患者的肺功能、血气分析指标.ELISA法检测血清细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、IL-8及基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)的水平,并对治疗4周后2组临床疗效进行比较.结果 治疗前2组患者的肺功能(FEV1％pred、FEV1/FVC、MVV％ pred),血气分析(PaO2、PaCO2)及血清细胞因子(TNF-α、IL-8,MMP-9)的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).治疗4周后,FEV1％pred[(80.3±15.8)％ vs (71.3±18.5)％],FEV1/FVC[(86.2±9.8)％ vs (67.3±16.6)％],MVV％pred[(49.3±13.9)％ vs(42.1±12.3)％]和PaO2[(83.3±4.9) mmHg vs (76.1±4.5) mmHg]观察组明显高于对照组.PaCO2[(53.3±6.23) mmHg vs (61.3±5.32) mmHg],血清细胞因子TNF-α[(25.2±6.3) ng/L vs (33.1±8.5) ng/L],IL-8[(53.6±11.5) ng/L vs (66.5±13.1) ng/L]及MMP-9[(38.9±12.3) ng/L vs (46.6±13.2) ng/L]观察组的含量明显低于对照.观察组的总有效率(96.72％)明显高于对照组的总有效率(86.89％),2组比较差异有统计学意义(P ＜0.05).结论 孟鲁司特钠能有效减轻COPD患者的炎症症状,改善肺功能,疗效显著,值得在临床上推广.     

阿托伐他汀对ApoE基因敲除小鼠血清白细胞三烯浓度及动脉粥样硬化斑块的影响

目的研究阿托伐他汀对ApoE（-/-）动脉硬化模型小鼠血清白细胞三烯浓度的影响,探讨阿托伐他汀的抗动脉硬化机制。方法将ApoE（-/-）小鼠分为对照组（n=12）、动脉硬化模型组（n=12）、阿托伐他汀干预组（n=12）。检测3组ApoE（-/-）小鼠血清的白细胞三烯B4和白细胞三烯D4浓度、测量主动脉斑块校正面积并进行比较。结果对照组主动脉未见动脉硬化病变;动脉硬化模型组建模成功,见不稳定斑块;阿托伐他汀干预组较动脉硬化模型组动脉硬化病变显著减轻,斑块校正面积显著下降,差异有统计学意义（13.24%±3.08%vs.29.08%±6.46%,P〈0.001）。动脉硬化模型组的血清白细胞三烯B4、白细胞三烯D4浓度显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义[（34.79±4.47）ng.mL-1vs.（12.07±2.35）ng.mL-1,P〈0.001;（2 862.48±48.77）n.L-1vs.（2 357.10±53.57）ng.L-1,P〈0.001）]。阿托伐他汀干预组血清白细胞三烯B4、白细胞三烯D4浓度显著低于动脉硬化模型组,差异有统计学意义[（20.93±2.19）ng.mL-1vs.（34.79±4.47）ng.mL-1,P〈0.001;（2 592.06±22.45）ng.L-1vs.（2 862.48±48.77）ng.L-1,P〈0.001）]。结论阿托伐他汀可能通过降低血清白细胞三烯B4和白细胞三烯D4浓度,减轻炎症反应,稳定斑块,发挥抗动脉硬化作用。     

瑞巴派特对提高胃溃疡愈合质量的实验研究

目的 比较瑞巴派特、奥美拉唑及两种药物联合应用干预大鼠胃溃疡愈合质量.方法 建立大鼠胃溃疡模型40只,均分为对照、瑞巴派特、奥美拉唑和瑞巴派特联合奥美拉唑组,7 d后观察大鼠胃溃疡大体形态,超声探察溃疡胃壁全层结构,局部组织学形态及检测黏膜白细胞介素(IL)-8,前列腺素(PG)E2和丙二醛(MDA)含量.结果 ①超声探查显示,对照组溃疡指数为(22.3±1.8)mm2,瑞巴派特组为(9.2±1.0)mm2,奥美拉唑组为(9.8±1.3)mm2,联合治疗组为(4.8±1.2)mm2.对照组均比用药组高(P值均＜0.05),瑞巴派特组和奥美拉唑组均比对照组降低(P值均＜0.05).②离体组织超声探查显示,对照组胃壁厚度明显增加、层次结构模糊消失,用药组胃壁厚度部分恢复正常、胃壁各层次结构部分重建.③组织学表现,用药组溃疡侵袭范围、炎性细胞浸润程度均明显轻于对照组,且周边黏膜再生程度明显优于对照组.④对照组胃黏膜IL-8为(1387.8±132.6)pg/ml,瑞巴派特组为(970.0±91.6)pg/ml,奥美拉唑组为(1102.2±76.9)pg/ml,联合治疗组为(934.4±110.2)pg/ml.对照组均比各用药组高(P值均＜0.05),瑞巴派特组与联合治疗组比奥美拉唑组明显降低(P值均＜0.05).⑤对照组胃黏膜MDA为(13.0±2.6)nmol/ml.瑞巴派特组为(8.5±4.8)nmol/ml,奥美拉唑组为(9.4±1.4)nmol/ml,联合治疗组为(4.6±1.4)nmol/ml.奥美拉唑组与瑞巴派特组均明显高于联合治疗组,且低于对照组(P值均＜0.05).⑥对照组胃黏膜PGE2为(55.0±22.5)pg/ml,瑞巴派特组为(103.5±12.5)pg/ml,奥美拉唑组为(96.9±7.0)pg/ml,联合治疗组为(235.5±26.0)pg/ml.奥美拉唑组与瑞巴派特组均明显高于对照组·且低于联合治疗组(P值均＜0.05).结论 与奥美拉唑相比,瑞巴派特同样能促进溃疡愈合进程,提高溃疡愈合质量;联合应用奥美拉唑,以不同机制同时作用于溃疡愈合过程,能更好地兼顾溃疡愈合的速度和质量.