术前肝动脉化疗栓塞对肝细胞癌术后无瘤生存的影响

目的 分析术前肝动脉化疗栓塞（ＴＡＣＥ）对提高肝癌术后无瘤生存率的作用,评价对可切除肝癌术前行ＴＡＣＥ的意义。方法 对１７２５例行根治或相对根治切除的原发性肝细胞癌患者进行回顾性随访,回访１４５７例,其中１２０例术前行ＴＡＣＥ。采用Ｃｏｘ模型对一些临床病理因素做单、多因素分析,用Ｋａｐｌａｎ－Ｍｅｉｅｒ法分析术后无瘤生存情况。结果 Ｃｏｘ模型分析结果显示,术前ＴＡＣＥ次数和疗效等因素对无瘤生存有显     

原发性肝癌术前动脉化疗栓塞的疗效评价

目的评价原发性肝癌(PHCC)术前肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)的价值。方法2116例不能手术切除的PHCC患者经TACE治疗后,有41例获Ⅱ期手术切除,分析其TACE特点、距手术时间、病理学改变和随访情况。结果TACE术可使1.9%的PHCC患者获得Ⅱ期手术切除,手术切除前平均TACE治疗次数2.3次/人,距手术时间平均45天;TACE有效率(CR PR)为51.2%。肿瘤完全坏死4例,占9.9%;重度介入治疗后反应27例;肿瘤残留呈弥漫分布或肿瘤周边被膜下。1、2、3、5年生存率85.0%、74.3%、57.6%和46.2%。中位生存期50.3个月。结论术前TACE治疗可使部分不能手术切除的HCC患者获Ⅱ期手术切除,其疗效肯定,是延长患者生存期的有效方法。     

术后辅助肝动脉化疗栓塞对巨块型肝癌根治性切除术后生存的影响

目的:探讨巨块型肝癌根治性切除术后行辅助性经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞(transeatheter hepatic arterial chemo-embolization,TACE)治疗对术后生存的影响.方法:回顾性收集256例资料完整的巨块型肝癌患者,这些患者均接受了手术切除.其中136例患者于术后4～6周接受辅助性TACE治疗,另120例患者仅接受单纯手术切除.根据是否伴有残癌高危因素(子灶、门静脉二级分支以上的癌栓和包膜不完整)对所有患者进行分层分析,比较各组患者的术后生存率.结果:对于不伴有残癌高危因素的巨块型肝癌,术后辅助TACE组与单纯手术切除组的1、3、5年生存率分别为80.43%、59.92%、47.18%与74.05%、53.40%、45.77%,2组的生存率比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.769 3).对于伴有残癌高危因素的巨块型肝癌,术后辅助TACE组与单纯手术切除组的1、3、5年生存率分别为72.15%、32.27%、22.35%与45.36%、22.47%、19.67%,2组的生存率比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.004 9).COX回归分析表明,术后辅助TACE治疗[风险比(hazard ratio,HR)=0.620(95%的可信区间为0.441～0.870)]和残癌高危因素[HR=2.235(95%的可信区间为1.491～3.351)]是影响巨块型肝癌患者术后长期生存的独立危险因素.结论:巨块型肝癌患者术后行辅助性TACE治疗有助于提高术后的长期生存率,而其中伴有残癌高危因素的患者,其术后生存时间的延长更为明显.     

Preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization reduces long-term survival rate after hepatic resection for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

AIMS: To study the effect of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on long-term survival after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we conducted a comparative analysis in 235 HCC patients who underwent hepatic resection with a curative intent. METHODS: We compared clinicopathologic background, mortality, and survival rates after hepatic resection between those who underwent preoperative TACE (n=109) and those who did not (n=126). RESULTS: One hundred and two patients in the TACE group (93.6%) received TACE only once. The mean interval between TACE and hepatic resection was 33.1days. Patients in the TACE group were younger than those in the non-TACE group, and liver cirrhosis and non-anatomical hepatic resection were more prevalent in this group. The 5-year overall survival rate after hepatic resection was significantly lower in the TACE group (28.6%) than in the non-TACE group (50.6%), especially in patients without cirrhosis or with stage I or II tumor. There was no difference between the two groups in mortality or disease-free survival after hepatic resection. Multivariate analysis showed preoperative TACE, preoperative aspartate aminotransferase elevation, and microscopic portal invasion to be independent risk factors for a poor outcome after hepatic resection. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative TACE should be avoided for patients with resectable HCC, especially for those without cirrhosis or with an early stage tumor.     

术前辅助性肝动脉化疗栓塞对可切除巨块型肝癌术后生存的影响

目的:探讨术前辅助性肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗对可切除巨块型肝癌患者长期生存的影响.方法:回顾性分析接受手术切除的176例巨块型肝癌病例资料,按照术前是否曾行辅助性TACE治疗分为TACE组(n-51)和non-TACE组(n=125),根据是否伴有门静脉分支癌栓和子灶等癌残留高危因素分层,比较各组的总体生存率.结果:TACE组与non-TACE组1、3和5年总体生存率分别为65.60%、43.00%、30.70%和52.90%、30.60%、25.10%,两组差异无统计学意义,P=0.214;但对于伴有子灶或门静脉分支癌栓等癌残留高危因素的巨块型肝癌,TACE组与non-TACE组1和3年总体生存率分别为 58.00%、21.70%与 35.90%、9.10%.差异有统计学意义.P=0.027.结论:可切除巨块型肝癌的术前辅助性TACE治疗可选择性应用,对于伴有门静脉分支癌栓和子灶等癌残留高危因素的巨块型肝癌,术前辅助性TACE治疗有助于延长患者生存时间.     

肝细胞癌经导管动脉化疗栓塞前后磁共振波谱研究

背景与目的:肝脏活体氢质子磁共振波谱(1H proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy,1HMRS)尚处于实验阶段,用1HMRS观察肝癌经导管动脉化疗栓塞(transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)疗效报道少。本研究旨在用1HMRS评价肝细胞癌TACE术前后代谢物的改变。方法:对25例肝细胞癌患者,应用GESignaHorizonLX、1.5T磁共振扫描仪,分别在TACE术前后进行MRS检查,所得的数据经机器自带的分析软件FuncTool2.5.36处理,得出术前术后Cho/Lip比值、Glu/Lip比值、Glx/Lip比值,并进行统计学分析。结果:成功实施MRS有21例,Cho/Lip比值TACE术前为0.21±0.08,术后为0.10±0.08;Glu/Lip比值TACE术前为0.11±0.05,术后为0.07±0.07;Glx/Lip比值术前为0.28±0.10,术后为0.18±0.12。术前术后比较,均P<0.05。结论:MRS可观查到肝癌TACE术前后的代谢物改变。     

肝癌术后肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗患者肿瘤复发的影响因素分析

目的 探讨影响肝癌术后经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗(TACE)患者肿瘤复发的危险因素.方法 选择并收集200例肝癌患者的年龄、性别等一般人口学特征和临床特征资料并对患者进行随访追踪,采用Logistic逐步回归分析法分析肿瘤复发的影响因素.结果 在200例患者中130例有肿瘤复发,占65.0％.Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,血管癌栓(OR=3.796;95％CI:1.871～7.702)、侵透肝被膜(OR=3.340;95％CI:1.067～10.451)、肝硬化(OR=2.790;95％CI:1.771～4.396)、包膜完整性(OR=2.048;95％CI:1.273～3.298)和最大癌结节直径(OR=1.739;95％CI:1.014～2.980)是肝癌术后TACE治疗患者肿瘤复发的危险因素.结论 肝癌术后TACE治疗患者的肿瘤复发率较高,术前有无血管癌栓、侵透肝被膜和肝硬化,包膜是否完整,以及肿瘤的直径等均会影响肿瘤复发,临床需要加强患者术后复诊和康复治疗.     

Comparison of survival rates between patients treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and hepatic resection for solitary hepatocellular carcinoma

The present study aimed to retrospectively compare the survival rates between patients treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and hepatic resection for solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). According to our database, derived from three affiliated hospitals, the inclusion criteria for this study were: solitary HCC [Child-Pugh class A and International Union Against Cancer (UICC) stage T1-3N0M0] treated between July 1990 and October 2001. Subsequently, hepatic resection (149 patients) as well as chemoembolization (102 patients) groups were selected. Following stratification according to tumor stage [UICC, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) and Milan criteria], survival rates were compared between the treatment groups. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Age, gender and size of the HCC did not differ significantly between the groups. Moreover, no significant difference in the survival rates (average hepatic resection, 58.9 months; average chemoembolization, 45 months; P=0.1697) was observed between the groups. In the subgroup analysis, according to tumor stage, the survival rate was significantly higher for the hepatic resection group than for the chemoembolization group in the UICC T3N0M0 (P=0.017) subgroup. However, no significant differences in survival rates were observed between the hepatic resection and chemoembolization groups for UICC T1 (P=0.7329), T2N0M0 (P=0.5741), CLIP0 (P=0.3593), CLIP1-2 (P=0.3287) and within (>5 cm; P=0.4429) and beyond Milan criteria (≤5 cm; P=0.4003) subgroups. Chemoembolization is as effective as hepatic resection in treating solitary HCC in subpopulations with UICC T1-2N0M0 or CLIP 0-2 HCC or Milan criteria and adequate liver function. In the subgroup with UICC T3N0M0 HCC, hepatic resection is superior to chemoembolization.     

术后复发性肝癌的介入治疗疗效分析

目的分析肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗术后复发性肝细胞肝癌的生存率及影响因素。方法对行TACE治疗的130例术后复发性肝细胞肝癌患者进行回顾性分析,计算此类患者治疗后的生存率及生存时间,分析影响其生存的相关因素。结果全组130例总的1,3,5年生存率为83.0%、45.5%和17.6%,中位生存时间2.4年。单纯TACE治疗94例,其1,3年生存率分别为76.4%和37.1%,中位生存期2.1年;TACE联合瘤内无水酒精注射(PEI)治疗36例,1,3年生存率分别为100.0%和66.5%,中位生存期为3.5年。TACE联合PEI治疗组的生存率和生存期均显著优于单纯TACE治疗组(P<0.05),死亡风险显著低于单纯TACE治疗组(P<0.05);复发瘤直径>5cm和有远处转移者的死亡风险,显著高于肿瘤直径≤5cm和无远处转移者(P<0.05)。结论TACE联合PEI治疗,可显著提高术后复发性肝癌患者的生存率,延长生存期。     

原发性肝癌肝动脉插管化疗栓塞术后联合三维适形放疗的疗效观察

目的：观察肝动脉插管化疗栓塞术（TACE）后行三维适形放射治疗（3DCRT）治疗不能手术的原发性肝癌的疗效和副作用。方法：分析48例不能手术的原发性肝癌患者行肝动脉插管化疗栓塞术后行三维适形放射治疗的效果。根据肿瘤位置和体积确定放疗剂量，分次剂量3Gy-6Gy，总剂量42Gy-60Gy。结果：完全缓解（CR）10例，部分缓解（PR）35例，未缓解（NR）2例，进展（PD）1例，总有效率为93、75％。1年生存率87．5％，2年生存率54％。AFP下降率为100％。肝脏急性不良反应1级5例，2级2例，无3、4级不良反应。结论：不能手术的原发性肝癌经TACE和3DCRT综合治疗可以提高疗效及生活质量，不增加毒副作用。     

A prognostic index of the survival of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

BACKGROUND: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been used as a palliative treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its prognostic usefulness has not previously been clarified. METHODS: The authors reviewed all patients treated at their institution with TACE for unresectable HCC in order to analyze prognostic factors and to determine which patients might benefit from this treatment. One hundred forty-three patients were retrospectively studied. Pretreatment, treatment, and follow-up variables with possible prognostic significance were analyzed. A stepwise multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox regression model, and a prognostic index was obtained. RESULTS: According to univariate analysis, variables significantly associated with survival were alpha-fetoprotein (>400 U/L), tumor size (>50%), ascites, albumin (<30 g/L), Child-Pugh grade (Child C), Okuda stage (Okuda III), portal vein thrombosis, tumor greatest dimension larger than 5 cm, more than 3 nodules, bilobular involvement, and pattern of iodized oil uptake, tumor size reduction, and radiologic T classification on computed tomography scan performed 7 and 30 days after TACE. However, only ascites, alpha-fetoprotein (>400 U/L), tumor size (>50%), Child-Pugh grade (Child C), pattern of iodized oil uptake, and portal vein thrombosis were independent factors in multivariate analysis. Using the beta-coefficients of alpha-fetoprotein (>400 U/L), tumor size (>50%) and Child-Pugh score, a prognostic index was calculated, and according to this index patients were classified into 3 categories with different prognoses. Ascites was excluded from the analysis because it is included in Child-Pugh grade, and iodized oil uptake was excluded because it cannot be evaluated before treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This simple prognostic index can predict the survival of patients treated with TACE and can therefore be used to decide which patients with unresectable HCC should receive this therapy. TACE should not be administered to patients with one or more positive prognostic factors.     

Factors predicting survival in advanced T-staged hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with reduction hepatectomy followed by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

AIMS: To evaluate the efficacy of reduction hepatectomy followed by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for advanced T-Staged hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 39 consecutive patients who underwent reduction hepatectomy followed by TACE for advanced T-Staged HCCs was undertaken. RESULTS: Reduction hepatectomies, including 20 major ones, were performed. After a median interval of 30 days, the hepatectomies were followed by TACE using farmorubicin. Actual overall 3-year survival after surgery was 32%. Indocyanine green R(15) > or =15%, preoperative AFP > or =2000 ng/ml, and tumour reduction rate <98% were predictive of decreased overall survival. When the three prognostic factors were used in a scoring system, with one point assigned for each factor, the 3-year survival rates of patients with scores of 0, 1, 2, and 3 were 71%, 40%, 0%, and 0% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Reduction hepatectomy followed by TACE is effective in patients with advanced T-Staged HCCs who have none of the 3 poor prognostic factors. Reduction surgery followed by TACE is one of the options for controlling advanced T-Staged HCCs in patients who are not candidates for curative resection or TACE alone.     

射频消融联合肝动脉栓塞化疗治疗原发性肝癌的系统评价

目的:系统评价射频消融(RFA)联合肝动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)治疗原发性肝癌(hepatocellular carci-noma,HCC)的临床疗效。方法:计算机检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、中国知网数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中文科技期刊全文数据库,检索时间从数据库建库至2011年12月20日,同时辅助其它检索,纳入RFA联合TACE治疗HCC的临床对照试验。评价纳入研究的质量并提取资料,并用RevMan 5.1软件进行统计分析。结果:共纳入14篇临床对照试验,分析结果显示:与单纯TACE相比,TACE联合RFA能提高HCC治疗的有效率(RR=1.21,95%CI:1.13-1.31,P<0.001)和肿瘤完全坏死率(RR=1.95,95%CI:1.22-3.10,P=0.005),提高AFP转阴率(RR=2.13,95%CI:1.04-4.38,P=0.04)及患者1年(RR=1.38,95%CI:1.18-1.60,P<0.0001)、2年(RR=1.6 6,9 5%CI:1.3 9-1.9 9,P<0.0 0 0 0 1)、3年(RR=2.11,95%CI:1.57-2.84,P<0.00001)生存率,降低癌症复发率(RR=0.55,95%CI:0.33-0.91,P=0.02)。结论:TACE联合RFA可提高HCC治疗有效率和生存率,降低复发率,值得临床推广使用。     

经皮肝穿刺注射无水乙醇配合肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌

目的 研究B超引导下经皮肝穿刺注射无水乙醇（percutaneous ethanol injection,PEI)配合肝动脉化疗栓塞术（transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization,TACE)治疗原发性肝癌的疗效。方法 原发性肝癌87例,其中TACE组45例,TACE＋PEI组42例。结果 TACE组1,2,3年生存率分别为66．7％、41．2％和21．4％,组织学检查仅26．1％的病变完全坏死;TACE＋PEI组1,2,3年生存率分别为97．1％、85．7％和65．7％,组织学检查81．8％的病变完全坏死。两组间在生存率和肿瘤完全坏死率间差异均有显著性（P＜0．05）。结论 对于原发性肝癌,TACE＋PEI疗效优于单纯TACE,是一种较好的综合治疗方法。     

多层螺旋CT血管成像在肝癌化疗栓塞中的临床指导作用

背景与目的：多层螺旋CT血管成像具有扫描速度快、覆盖范围大、肝脏血管图像清晰．多角度三维显示等特点,对肝脏病变的诊断和治疗已显示出重要价值。目前对于多层螺旋CT肝脏血管三维成像的研究主要集中在肝脏肿瘤、肝移植术前评价及肝脏血管系统解剖,对于指导肝癌动脉化疗栓塞的研究仍然有限。本研究通过对比分析肝癌患者肝脏多层螺旋CT血管成像（muhislice CT angiography,MSCTA）与数字减影血管造影（digital subtraction angiography,DSA）图像．探讨MSCTA在肝癌肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗中的临床指导作用。方法：本组50例肝癌患者行多层螺旋CT肝脏双期增强扫描。采用最大密度投影（maximal intensitypmjection,MIP）和容积再现（volume rendering technique,VRT）重建技术行肝动脉、门静脉血管成像,再经股动脉插管分别行腹腔动脉、肠系膜上动脉、肾动脉、膈动脉DSA造影及TACE治疗,对比分析肝癌MSCTA与DSA图像。结果：肝动脉解剖分型和肿瘤供血动脉来源的DSA与MSCT的MIP、VRT血管成像显示符合率达到100％,χ^2检验,两者间差异无统计学意义（P=1．00）,而对肝动门脉瘘及门脉癌栓的显示MSCTA比DSA更有优势。结论：MSCTA检查无创、简单易行,其图像的三维重建立体感强,可准确提供肝动脉、门静脉及肿瘤供血来源等信息,对指导肝癌经肝动脉化疗栓塞有很好的临床指导作用。     

沙利度胺联合TACE术治疗中晚期肝癌的临床观察

目的:探讨沙利度胺联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)对无法手术切除的中晚期肝癌的疗效以及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在TACE术前及术后的变化。方法:收集2004-12-01-2007-12-31入住徐州市肿瘤医院无法手术切除的100例中晚期肝癌患者,随机分为治疗组(沙利度胺+TACE术,50例)和对照组(单纯TACE术,50例)。治疗组患者每晚口服200 mg沙利度胺,服用至少3个月,所有患者至少行TACE术2次,并检测TACE术前1周及术后2周血清VEGF水平。结果:治疗组和对照组有效率分别为56.0%和42.0%,两组间差异无统计学意义,P>0.05;治疗组和对照组疾病控制率(DCR)分别为80.0%和56.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义,P<0.05;治疗组和对照组1年生存率分别为64.0%和62.0%,2年生存率分别为28.0%和24.0%,差异均无统计学意义,P>0.05;血清VEGF水平治疗组治疗后下降显著,P<0.05;对照组治疗后较治疗前血清VEGF水平偏高,对比差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。结论:沙利度胺联合TACE术能改善中晚期肝癌患者的疾病控制率,并降低血清VEGF水平,有可能延长患者生存及有效率。     

肝动脉栓塞联合三维放射治疗肝癌的疗效评价

目的 评估经首次导管化疗栓塞(TACE)后,碘油栓塞不完全的中晚期肝细胞癌患者序贯适形外放射治疗的疗效及毒副作用。方法 2008年1月—2010年1月,纳入首次栓塞不完全的50例中晚期肝细胞癌患者,随机分两组,25例患者依据病情进行2~3次单纯TACE,25例序贯采用三维适型外放射补充治疗。测量肿瘤大小变化评价肿瘤的反应,评估治疗毒副作用。结果 单纯TACE组治疗前后平均肿瘤直径分别为(8.37±9.15)cm和(4.22±5.66)cm;TACE放疗组治疗前后平均肿瘤直径分别为(8.65±6.89)cm和(3.86±4.32)cm。两组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义,两组间比较无统计学意义。TACE放疗组总有效率为52%,完全反应16%,部分反应36%。两组患者12个月生存率分别为48%和64.0%,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。没有出现三级及更高级别的毒副作用。结论 对首次栓塞不完全的肝细胞癌患者,序贯采用三维适型外放射补充治疗能有效的提高患者的生存率,且毒副作用可以耐受。     

立体适形放射治疗联合肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝细胞性肝癌的临床研究

目的 观察立体适形放射治疗（3DCRT）联合肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）治疗肝细胞性肝癌（HCC）的疗效和患者的耐受性。方法 46例HCC患者,先采用TACE治疗1-3次,再进行3DCRT.2Gy／次,每天1次,每周5d。肿瘤剂量30-54 Gy,总疗程3-6周。放疗结束后采用世界卫生组织（WHO）标准评价疗效,采用美国国立癌症研究所（NCI）的毒性标准和美国放射治疗肿瘤组（RTOG）的毒副反应评价标准评价急慢性肝脏毒副反应及其他毒副反应。结果 46例患者中,部分缓解（PR）8例,稳定（SD）35例,进展（PD）3例。全组患者中位生存时间16个月,1、2、3年生存率分别为60．9％、39．1％和28．3％。1、2、3年局部控制率分别为73．9％、56．5％和39．1％。1、2、3年远处转移率分别为15．2％、21．7％和34．8％。单因素分析表明,T分期、广州会议分期、门脉癌栓（PVT）、放疗前肝硬化Child-Pugh分级和肿瘤照射剂量对生存率的影响有统计学意义。Cox多因素分析显示,肿瘤照射剂量和肝硬化Child-Pugh分级是HCC患者预后的独立影响因素。5例患者发生急性肝脏毒副反应,1级2例,3级3例。3例出现1级上消化道急性损伤,其中1例出现轻度上消化道出血。10例出现1或2级外周血白细胞降低。2例出现放射性肝病。结论 3DCRT联合TACE综合治疗HCC安全、有效,值得进一步研究。     

三维立体适形放射治疗联合肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝细胞性肝癌的临床研究

目的:观察三维立体适形放射治疗(3DCRT)联合肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗肝细胞性肝癌(HCC)的疗效和患者的耐受性。方法:46例HCC患者,先采用TACE治疗1～3次,再进行3DCRT。2Gy/次,1次/d,5d/周。肿瘤剂量30～54Gy,总疗程3～6个周。结果:46例患者中,部分缓解8例,稳定35例,进展3例。全组患者中位生存时间16个月,1、2、3年生存率分别为60.9%、39.1%和28.3%。1、2、3年局部控制率分别为73.9%、56.5%和39.1%。1、2、3年远处转移率分别为15.2%、21.7%和34.8%。单因素分析表明,T分期、广州会议分期、门脉癌栓、放疗前肝硬化Child-Pugh分级和肿瘤照射剂量对生存率的影响差异有统计学意义。COX多因素分析显示,肿瘤照射剂量和肝硬化Child-Pugh分级是HCC患者预后的独立影响因素。5例患者发生急性肝脏毒副反应,1级2例,3级3例。3例出现1级上消化道急性损伤,其中1例出现轻度上消化道出血。10例出现1或2级外周血白细胞降低。2例出现放射性肝病。结论:3DCRT联合TACE综合治疗HCC安全、有效,值得进一步研究。