珠海市2019新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染者的临床特征分析

目的探讨珠海市2019新型冠状病毒(2019 novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV)奥密克戎变异株感染者的临床特征。方法回顾性分析2022年1月13日至25日中山大学附属第五医院收治的39例2019-nCoV奥密克戎变异株感染者(奥密克戎变异株组), 以及2020年1月17日至2月17日收治的98例2019-nCoV非奥密克戎变异株感染者(非奥密克戎变异株组), 分别比较2组成人和儿童感染者的临床特征。统计学方法采用曼-惠特尼U检验、χ2检验和Fisher确切概率法。结果 21例奥密克戎变异株组成人患者的年龄为34.0(26.0, 40.5)岁, 小于93例非奥密克戎变异株组成人患者[50.0(36.0, 62.0)岁, Z=-3.81, P<0.001], 有基础疾病患者的比例小于非奥密克戎变异株组[4.8%(1/21)比31.2%(29/93), χ2=6.17, P=0.013];奥密克戎变异株组的临床分型为轻型[71.4%(15/21)]或普通型[28.6%(6/21)], 而非奥密克戎变异株组以普通型[57.0%(53/93)]和重型[23.7%(2...     

2019新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染者38例的临床特征分析

目的分析2019新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染者的临床特征,为奥密克戎变异株的防控提供参考。方法纳入2021年12月23日至2022年1月31日深圳市第三人民医院收治的38例2019新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染者,回顾性分析患者的流行病学资料、临床表现、新型冠状病毒疫苗接种和实验室检查情况。采集鼻咽拭子样本进行病毒核酸检测,采用实时荧光聚合酶链反应扩增2019新型冠状病毒的开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)1ab基因和N基因。采集血液样本检测2019新型冠状病毒IgM和IgG抗体水平。结果38例患者中输入性病例35例(92.1%),其中美国输入20例(57.1%)。36例(94.7%)患者接种过新型冠状病毒疫苗,其中末次接种后≤1个月发病者占5.7%(2/35),>3个月发病者占65.7%(23/35)。3例为无症状感染者。35例确诊患者中,咳嗽31例(88.6%),咽痛14例(40.0%),发热13例(37.1%),鼻塞10例(28.6%),流涕8例(22.9%);入院时白细胞计数正常者33例(94.3%),降低者1例(2.9%);淋巴细胞计数减少者19例(54.3%);C反应蛋白升高者18例(51.4%);白细胞介素6水平升高者35例(100.0%);降钙素原升高者10例(28.6%);D-二聚体升高者6例(17.1%);ALT升高者1例(2.9%);血钾降低者10例(28.6%)。ORF1ab基因循环阈值(Ct值)为22.15±6.00,最低值为14.22,N基因循环阈值为21.86±5.72,最低值为13.04。2019新型冠状病毒IgM抗体水平为0.46(0.21,1.12)AU/mL;IgG抗体水平为126.55(8.31,289.85)AU/mL,其中20例患者IgG抗体>100 AU/mL,12例IgG抗体>200 AU/mL,最高达414.48 AU/mL。结论目前奥密克戎变异株感染者的主要临床表现为咳嗽、咽痛、发热、鼻塞,接种新型冠状病毒疫苗后仍有可能感染奥密克戎变异株,且病毒核酸水平较高,需注意防护。     

肾移植受者新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染临床特征分析

［摘要］　目的　探讨肾移植受者感染新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）奥密克戎（Omicron）变异株的临床特征,分析新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)和病毒转阴时间的影响因素。方法　回顾性分析2022年12月至2023年2月在山西省第二人民医院肾移植中心随访的肾移植受者SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变异株的感染情况,以网络问卷方式进行问卷填写,对感染者年龄、性别、吸烟、共病情况（合并慢性病）、肾移植术后时间、病毒转阴时间、新型冠状病毒疫苗（简称“新冠疫苗”）接种、免疫抑制方案、服用熊去氧胆酸及SARS-CoV-2抗体产生等情况进行调查,并分析新冠疫苗接种情况和病毒转阴时间的影响因素。结果　628例肾移植受者参加调查问卷,其中感染组476例,非感染组152例。感染组男女比例为1.9∶1,以轻型为主;合并1种及以上慢性病者占75.21%,以高血压、糖尿病为主。非/部分接种组和完全/增强接种组分别为300例和328例。在感染时距离末次疫苗接种的时间>6个月者占82.59%（166/201）;200例肾移植受者感染后行SARS-CoV-2抗体检测,感染至抗体检测中位时间为47 d,IgG阳性或弱阳性者占48.50%（97/200）。病毒转阴时间与免疫抑制方案相关,含霉酚酸(MPA)类药物的免疫抑制方案病毒转阴时间较含咪唑立宾（MZR）方案长。感染组和非感染组在年龄、性别、肾移植术后时间、共病及新冠疫苗接种方面比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。新冠疫苗接种情况与性别及肾移植术后时间有关。结论　肾移植受者在各年龄段及术后不同时期对于SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变异株普遍易感,以轻型为主。感染后普遍产生SARS-CoV-2 IgG抗体。服用含MZR的免疫抑制方案较含MPA类药物方案感染后病毒转阴时间短。接种新冠疫苗有一定的保护作用,男性及肾移植术后时间较长的肾移植受者疫苗接种率高。     

珠海市新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染者心肌损害情况及心电图特征

目的]探索珠海市新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)奥密克戎变异株感染者心肌损害情况及异常心电图特征。 [方法]纳入2022年1月13日—3月20日中山大学附属第五医院收治的84例SARS-CoV-2奥密克戎变异株感染者(奥密克戎变异株组),以及2020年1月17日—2月17日收治的88例SARS-CoV-2非奥密克戎变异株感染者(非奥密克戎变异株组),采用回顾性研究比较两组患者的心肌损害情况、异常心电图情况及临床特征差异。 [结果]奥密克戎变异株组患者平均年龄小于非奥密克戎变异株组[(36.6±15.6)岁比(49.8±14.3)岁,P＜0.01],入院时体温、入院时收缩压及发热患者比例均低于非奥密克戎变异株组(P＜0.05)。奥密克戎变异株组患者中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值[(2.93(3.03,5.81)比7.06(2.2,1.27),P＜0.001]、白细胞介素2(IL-2)及白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平均明显低于非奥密克戎变异株组(P＜0.01)。奥密克戎变异株组心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)均为阴性,cTnI、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)浓度及其升高患者比例均明显低于非奥密克戎变异株组(P＜0.01)。奥密克戎变异株组患者异常心电图发生率亦明显低于非奥密克戎变异株组(25.0%比42.0%,P＝0.001),以窦性心动过速、房性早搏及T波改变为主,非奥密克戎变异株组患者以房性早搏、T波改变、ST段压低及束支传导阻滞为主。 [结论]珠海市SARS-CoV-2奥密克戎变异株感染者可能因绝大部分患者已接种新型冠状病毒疫苗而没有出现明显心肌损害,异常心电图发生率亦明显低于非奥密克戎变异株组,主要以窦性心动过速、房性早搏及T波改变为主。     

385例新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株核酸检测阳性住院患者临床特征分析

目的 分析新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株核酸检测阳性住院病例特征。方法 收集385名在我院住院(非重症、危重)新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株核酸检测阳性患者的临床资料,分析其临床特征。结果 385名患者中,年龄≥60岁患者占71.4%;行Pearson相关性研究,提示年龄、合并基础疾病个数与患者的疫苗接种次数呈负相关性(r=-0.70、-0.57;P<0.01、<0.01);通过二元Logistic回归分析,发现高龄、伴发心衰、肺部慢性疾病、血糖控制差、神经系统疾病导致行动不便、营养状态差、肾功能差、合并肿瘤,均是导致患者基础疾病危重的危险因素(χ²=101.82,P<0.01)。结论 本轮疫情,住院(非重症、危重)新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株核酸检测阳性患者,以老年人为主;患者年龄越大、合并基础疾病越多,接种新冠疫苗率越低;高龄、伴发心衰、肺部慢性疾病、血糖控制差、神经系统疾病导致行动不便、营养状态差、肾功能差、合并肿瘤均是导致患者被最终判定为基础疾病危重的危险因素,对于这类患者一旦感染新冠,建议早干预治疗。     

2019新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染者的临床特征分析

目的探讨2019新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染患者的临床特征及预后因素。方法纳入2021年7月1日至2022年1月6日上海市(复旦大学附属)公共卫生临床中心收治的987例境外输入新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)确诊患者, 根据2019新型冠状病毒核酸检测结果分为奥密克戎组(193例)与非奥密克戎组(794例), 收集两组患者的临床资料、影像学检查和实验室检查结果进行比较。统计学方法采用χ2检验和曼-惠特尼U检验, 采用多重线性回归分析进行多因素分析。结果奥密克戎组以18～30岁者居多, 占51.3%(99/193), 高于非奥密克戎组的31.4%(249/794), 差异有统计学意义(χ2=52.75, P<0.001)。奥密克戎组中轻型占88.6%(171/193), 高于非奥密克戎组中的81.6%(648/794),差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.37, P=0.021)。奥密克戎组患者临床表现较非奥密克戎组更多见[60.1%(116/193)比29.1%(231/794)], 差异有统计学意义(χ2=65.49, P<0.001), 以咽痛/咽痒、发热、咳嗽/咳痰为主...     

新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染轻型患者的中医证候特点

目的 ：分析本土新型冠状病毒（新冠）变异株感染轻型患者的中医证候特点,为该病的防治提供临床依据。方法：选取2022年3月24日—4月24日上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院北部院区以及嘉荷新苑方舱收治的感染新冠奥密克戎变异株轻型患者为研究对象,共计纳入188例。通过问卷星进行基本情况、疾病史、流行病学史、中医证候和转阴天数等的收集,分析患者的一般情况、舌苔脉象辨证分型,及不同证型转阴时间。结果：轻型患者基础体质均较好,合并各种基础疾病的比例均低于20%。根据舌象、舌形、舌苔观察,发现不同舌形转阴中位时间差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。寒湿郁肺证占38.8%,邪热犯肺证占34.5%,湿遏肺卫证占23.4%,其中寒湿郁肺证及邪热犯肺证为感染奥密克戎变异株轻型患者的主要证型。各证型转阴中位天数差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：上海本土感染新冠奥密克戎变异株发病以疫毒兼挟寒湿之邪致病为主,其中寒湿郁肺证最多见。     

新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株的研究进展:对其科学防控措施的启示

新型冠状病毒肺炎的大流行仍然是全球公共卫生系统的巨大威胁.截至2022年1月11日16点52分,过去24h内全球新增1738701例感染病例和5150例死亡病例.最近,新型冠状病毒在全球范围内出现了多种变异株,特别是B.1.1.529变异株奥密克戎(Omicron),该变异株在其刺突蛋白中含有大量的突变,这些突变的位置...     

新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染对儿童活体肝移植早期恢复的影响

［摘要］　目的　探讨新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染对儿童活体肝移植早期恢复的影响。方法　回顾性分析2022年12月至2023年2月天津市第一中心医院器官移植中心儿童器官移植科完成的19例儿童肝移植病例资料。根据术前1个月内新型冠状病毒感染（COVID-19）核酸检测结果将患儿分为阳性组（8例）和阴性组（11例）。对两组基线资料以及术后早期血常规、肝功能、FK506血药浓度等资料进行分析。结果　阳性组和阴性组的性别、年龄、体重、小儿终末期肝病模型（PELD）评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组移植物重量、移植物与受者质量比（GRWR）、供肝冷缺血时间、无肝期、术后呼吸机支持时间、住ICU时间、术后住院时间等差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组术后2周内血常规及肝功能变化趋势差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组受者术后均无COVID-19发生,呼吸道症状、急性排斥反应及FK506血药浓度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论　新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株轻症感染对儿童活体肝移植受者早期恢复无明显影响。     

60岁以上新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染者核酸转阴时间影响因素分析

目的：分析年龄≥60岁新型冠状病毒（新冠）奥密克戎变异株感染者核酸转阴时间的影响因素。方法：收集2022年4月—6月上海部分定点医院600例年龄≥60岁、感染新冠奥密克戎变异株患者的临床信息和核酸转阴时间,根据核酸转阴时间分为≤14 d组和>14 d组,比较2组患者临床特征,分析年龄、确诊至使用Paxlovid时间与核酸转阴时间的相关性,采用Logistic回归分析性别、年龄、疫苗接种、基础疾病、确诊至使用Paxlovid时间对患者14 d内核酸转阴的影响。结果：患者平均核酸转阴时间为15(12～18) d,年龄、确诊至使用Paxlovid时间与患者核酸转阴时间有明显线性趋势（P=0.006,P<0.001）。单因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、存在恶性肿瘤、确诊至使用Paxlovid时间与14 d内核酸转阴明显相关（P=0.028,P=0.038,P=0.042）,多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄和确诊至使用Paxlovid时间≤3 d与14 d内核酸转阴独立相关（P=0.007,OR=0.802;P=0.003,OR=2.402）。结论：对于年龄≥60岁新...     

Risk reduction of hospitalisation and severe disease in vaccinated COVID-19 cases during the SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron BA.1-predominant period,Navarre, Spain,January to March 2022

BackgroundAs COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection was lower for cases of the Omicron vs the Delta variant, understanding the effect of vaccination in reducing risk of hospitalisation and severe disease among COVID-19 cases is crucial.AimTo evaluate risk reduction of hospitalisation and severe disease in vaccinated COVID-19 cases during the Omicron BA.1-predominant period in Navarre, Spain.MethodsA case-to-case comparison included COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance data in adults ≥ 18 years from 3 January–20 March 2022. COVID-19 vaccination status was compared between hospitalised and non-hospitalised cases, and between severe (intensive care unit admission or death) and non-severe cases using logistic regression models.ResultsAmong 58,952 COVID-19 cases, 565 (1.0%) were hospitalised and 156 (0.3%) were severe. The risk of hospitalisation was reduced within the first 6 months after full COVID-19 vaccination (complete primary series) (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.06; 95% CI: 0.04–0.09) and after 6 months (aOR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.12–0.21; p_comparison < 0.001), as well as after a booster dose (aOR: 0.06: 95% CI: 0.04–0.07). Similarly, the risk of severe disease was reduced (aOR: 0.13, 0.18, and 0.06, respectively). Compared with cases fully vaccinated 6 months or more before a positive test, those who had received a booster dose had lower risk of hospitalisation (aOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.28–0.52) and severe disease (aOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.21–0.68).ConclusionsFull COVID-19 vaccination greatly reduced the risk of hospitalisation and severe outcomes in COVID-19 cases with the Omicron variant, and a booster dose improved this effect in people aged over 65 years.     

Effect of Previous COVID-19 Vaccination on Humoral Immunity 3 Months after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection and Booster Effect of a Fourth COVID-19 Vaccination 2 Months after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection

In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on 3-month immune response and durability after natural infection by the Omicron variant and to assess the immune response to a fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with prior natural infection with the Omicron variant. Overall, 86 patients aged ≥60 years with different vaccination histories and 39 health care workers (HCWs) vaccinated thrice before Omicron infection were enrolled. The sVNT50 titer was significantly lower in patients with incomplete vaccination before SARS-CoV-2 infection with the S clade (p < 0.001), Delta variant (p < 0.001), or Omicron variant (p = 0.003) than in those vaccinated thrice. The sVNT results against the Omicron variant did not differ significantly in patients aged ≥60 years (p = 0.49) and HCWs (p = 0.17), regardless of the recipient receiving the fourth dose 2 months after COVID-19. Incomplete COVID-19 vaccination before Omicron infection for individuals aged ≥60 years conferred limited protection against homologous and heterologous virus strains, whereas two or three doses of the vaccine provided cross-variant humoral immunity against Omicron infection for at least 3 months. However, a fourth dose 2 months after Omicron infection did not enhance immunity against the homologous strain. A future strategy using the bivalent Omicron-containing booster vaccine with appropriate timing will be crucial.     

Impact of the Omicron variant on SARS-CoV-2 reinfections in France,March 2021 to February 2022

Since the first reports in summer 2020, SARS-CoV-2 reinfections have raised concerns about the immunogenicity of the virus, which will affect SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology and possibly the burden of COVID-19 on our societies in the future. This study provides data on the frequency and characteristics of possible reinfections, using the French national COVID-19 testing database. The Omicron variant had a large impact on the frequency of possible reinfections in France, which represented 3.8% of all confirmed COVID-19 cases since December 2021.     

Epidemiological characterisation of the first 785 SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant cases in Denmark,December 2021

By 9 December 2021, 785 SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant cases have been identified in Denmark. Most cases were fully (76%) or booster-vaccinated (7.1%); 34 (4.3%) had a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. The majority of cases with available information reported symptoms (509/666; 76%) and most were infected in Denmark (588/644; 91%). One in five cases cannot be linked to previous cases, indicating widespread community transmission. Nine cases have been hospitalised, one required intensive care and no deaths have been registered.     

Antibody Titer Correlates with Omicron Infection in Vaccinated Healthcare Workers

The advent of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 has drastically reduced the level of hospitalization with severe COVID-19 disease in infected individuals. However, the diffusion of variants of concern still challenge the protection conferred by vaccines raised against the wild-type form of the virus. Here, we have characterized the antibody response to the BNT162b2 (Comirnaty) mRNA vaccine in patients infected with the Omicron variant. We analyzed a population of 4354 vaccinated healthcare workers (HCW) from 7 different hospitals in Italy and monitored infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron. We correlated infection with the antibody response after vaccination. We found that a lower level of IgG, younger age, and the presence of allergies correlate with increased infection during the Omicron wave, and that infections correlate with wild-type spike protein antibody titers below 350 BAU/mL. These results support the necessity of a fourth booster dose, particularly for individuals with lower levels of antibodies.     

Outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Norway,November to December 2021

In late November 2021, an outbreak of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 following a Christmas party with 117 attendees was detected in Oslo, Norway. We observed an attack rate of 74% and most cases developed symptoms. As at 13 December, none have been hospitalised. Most participants were 30–50 years old. Ninety-six percent of them were fully vaccinated. These findings corroborate reports that the Omicron variant may be more transmissible, and that vaccination may be less effective in preventing infection compared with Delta.     

Molecular epidemiology of the SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron BA.2 sub-lineage in Denmark, 29 November 2021 to 2 January 2022

Following emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron in November 2021, the dominant BA.1 sub-lineage was replaced by the BA.2 sub-lineage in Denmark. We analysed the first 2,623 BA.2 cases from 29 November 2021 to 2 January 2022. No epidemiological or clinical differences were found between individuals infected with BA.1 versus BA.2. Phylogenetic analyses showed a geographic east-to-west transmission of BA.2 from the Capital Region with clusters expanding after the Christmas holidays. Mutational analysis shows distinct differences between BA.1 and BA.2.