高效液相色谱法测定水母雪莲中东茛菪内酯、伞形花内酯的含量

用高效液相色谱法测定水母雪莲中东莨菪内酯、伞形花内酯的含量。色谱柱采用MerckLichrospher100RP-18e(250mm×4.0mm,5μm);流动相采用甲醇-四氢呋喃水溶液;检测波长为346nm。东莨菪内酯平均回收率为100.07%,RSD为1.42%;伞形花内酯平均回收率为99.41%,RSD为2.06%。本法简单、快速、准确,可用于水母雪莲的质量控制。     

不同来源桑白皮东莨菪内酯含量测定

目的研究不同来源桑白皮东莨菪内酯含量和测定方法.方法采用HPLC法,以MeOH-H2O-HAc(40600.25)为流动相,345 nm为检测波长.结果东莨菪内酯平均回收率为98.88%,RSD为1.91%,线性范围为0.025 6～0.128 μg.不同来源最高含量为0.017 3%,最低含量为0.002%.结论HPLC测定法简便,稳定可靠,重复性好,灵敏度高.     

HPLC法测定罗汉果止咳片中东莨菪内酯的含量

目的建立HPLC法测定罗汉果止咳片含量的方法。方法采用HPLC法;色谱柱：Kromasil C18 （5μm,250mm×4．6mm）;流动相：甲醇-0．4％冰醋酸溶液（19：81）;检测波长：345nm。结果东莨菪内酯的线性范围为0．019—0．193μg（r=0．9997）。该方法东莨菪内酯回收率为98．2％（RSD=0．85％）。结论HPLC法能将东莨菪内酯较好地分离检测,且准确、可靠,重线性好。可作为复方制剂罗汉果止咳片质量的检测方法。     

蒙药复方肉豆蔻五味中6个内酯的含量测定?

目的建立蒙药复方肉豆蔻五味中santamarine、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、异土木香内酯、土木香内酯、11,13-二氢异土木香内酯的含量测定方法。方法采用HPLC法,色谱柱:Elite C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);柱温30℃;流动相:乙腈(A)-水(B);流速:0.8 m L/min;检测波长:204 nm。结果蒙药复方肉豆蔻五味中6个内酯能完全分离,质量浓度与其峰面积具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999。Santamarine平均回收率为102.54%,RSD为1.02%(n=6);木香烃内酯平均回收率为103.35%,RSD为0.82%(n=6);去氢木香内酯平均回收率为100.38%,RSD为1.75%(n=6);异土木香内酯平均回收率为97.81%,RSD为1.59%(n=6);土木香内酯平均回收率为96.65%,RSD为1.98%(n=6);11,13-二氢异土木香内酯平均回收率为99.64%,RSD为1.68%(n=6)。结论 3批样品测定结果表明,该方法简便、快速、准确、专属性高,可用于蒙药复方肉豆蔻五味中6个内酯的含量测定。     

吉林省不同产地万年蒿中东莨菪内酯HPLC含量测定

目的建立吉林省不同产地万年蒿中东莨菪内酯的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂,以甲醇-0.3%磷酸为流动相进行梯度洗脱,柱温35,流速1.0 mL/min,进样体积10μL,检测波长344 nm。结果东莨菪内酯在3.016~36.192μg/m L范围呈良好的线性关系,加样回收率为105.53%(RSD=1.54%),万年蒿中东莨菪内酯的含量范围为0.026%~0.117%。结论本研究建立的含量测定方法操作简便,精密度和重复性良好,可用于吉林省不同产地万年蒿中东莨菪内酯的含量测定研究,为吉林省万年蒿质量控制提供了参考依据。     

HPLC法测定胃能方有效组分中6种成分的含量

目的 建立胃能方有效组分中柚皮苷,橙皮苷,新橙皮苷,柴胡皂苷b2,木香烃内酯和去氢木香内酯6种成分的含量测定方法.方法 采用HPLC法,色谱柱:Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-0.1%磷酸水;流速:1 mL/min;检测波长:280、254、225 nm.结果 柚皮苷平均回收率为103.45%,RSD为0.92%(n=5);橙皮苷平均回收率为98.48%,RSD为2.43%(n=5);新橙皮苷平均回收率为103.60%,RSD为1.75%(n=5);柴胡皂苷b2平均回收率为102.05%,RSD为1.06%(n=5);木香烃内酯平均回收率为99.36%,RSD为1.26%(n=5);去氢木香内酯平均回收率为99.02%,RSD为2.24%(n=5).结论 3批样品测定结果表明,该方法简便,准确,可用于胃能方有效组分中柚皮苷等6种成分的含量测定.     

HPLC法测定贵州苗药铁筷子中东莨菪内酯的含量

目的:建立反相高效液相色潽法(HPLC)测定铁筷子中东莨菪内酯含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为Agilent HC-C18(4.6×250 mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-水(25:75);检测波长为345 nm;流速为1m L/min;柱温为30℃。结果:东莨菪内酯在0.0484~0.4356μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9996,平均加样回收率为99.71。结论:该方法操作简便、准确,可测定铁筷子中东莨菪内酯的含量。     

HPLC-ELSD法测定银杏洋参颗粒中萜类内酯的含量

[目的]建立HPLC-ELSD法测定银杏洋参颗粒中白果内酯、银杏内酯A、银杏内酯B和银杏内酯C的含量。[方法]采用SunfireTMC18柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-水(30∶70)为流动相进行洗脱,流速1.0 ml/min,柱温35℃,漂移管温度110℃,气体流速2.9 L/min。[结果]白果内酯在0.9333~7.778μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9994),平均加样回收率为98.89%(RSD=1.20%);银杏内酯A在0.9846~8.205μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9991),平均加样回收率为104.63%(RSD=1.10%);银杏内酯B在0.9144~7.620μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9992),平均加样回收率为100.21%(RSD=2.78%);银杏内酯C在0.3027~2.5225μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9991),平均加样回收率为103.80%(RSD=2.11%)。[结论]该方法操作简便,方法可靠,结果准确,灵敏度高,重现性好,可作为该产品质量控制的方法。     

蒲公英中降糖成分的提取工艺优选和含量测定

目的 采用正交法优选蒲公英的最佳提取工艺，建立高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC)法测定蒲公英中原儿茶酸、咖啡酸、芦丁、东莨菪内酯含量。方法 以原儿茶酸、咖啡酸、芦丁和东莨菪内酯的含量为综合评价指标，采用L9(34)正交设计考察提取溶剂、料液比、提取时间和提取温度次数4个因素对提取工艺的影响；采用安捷伦(Agilent)TC-C18色谱柱、流动相为20%乙腈-0.1%的甲酸水、检测波长设定为260 nm。结果 优选出最佳提取工艺为：采用30%乙醇水溶液为提取液，提取液为药物重量的12倍，提取温度为80℃,提取时间为1 h。原儿茶酸、咖啡酸、芦丁三个成分在0.025～1 mg/mL,东莨菪内酯在0.05～2 mg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系(r>0.999 5),平均加标回收率≥95.09%,RSD≤1.90%。结论 乙醇浓度和料液比对蒲公英的提取有显著性影响，优选的提取工艺稳定、可靠，HPLC测定方法简单快速，适用性好，可为工业化生产提供实验数据。     

UPLC-MS-MS法同时测定颠茄片中2个有效成分的含量

目的 建立同时测定颠茄片中硫酸天仙子胺、东莨菪内酯含量的超高效液相色谱串联质谱(UPLC-MS-MS)分析方法。方法 采用Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 色谱柱(2.1 mm × 100 mm，1.8 μm)，用0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇为流动相，进行梯度洗脱(0~1 min, 10% B; 1~4 min, 10% B→90% B; 4~6 min, 90% B; 6~6.2 min, 90% B→10% B; 6.2~8 min, 10% B)，流速为0.2 mL·min-1，柱温为40 ℃，进样量4 μL；质谱采用电喷雾离子源，正负离子模式，多反应监测模式进行扫描。结果 硫酸天仙子胺、东莨菪内酯分别在193.6~968.0 ng·mL-1(r=0.9996)、1.00~50.00 ng·mL-1(r=0.9999)范围内呈良好线性关系；平均回收率(n=6)分别为94.3%，98.0%，RSD分别为1.18%，2.26%。结论 该方法简便、灵敏、准确、高效，可用于颠茄片的质量控制。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.