不能手术切除晚期胃癌病人介入化疗的疗效观察

目的探讨动脉内介入化疗治疗不能手术切除的晚期胃癌病人的临床疗效和毒副反应.方法对不能手术切除的晚期胃癌60例行动脉内介入化疗者作为对照组.32例行常规静脉滴注化疗者作为对照组.从肿瘤大小变化方面和生存时间方面进行对比观察.结果动脉内介入化疗有效率58.3%,静脉化疗有效率28.1%,平均生存时间、动脉内介入治疗为306d,静脉化疗为72d.两组比较差异有显著性.毒副反应静脉滴注组发生率高,主要为白细胞下降、恶心、呕吐等.结论动脉内介入化疗方法治疗不能切除的晚期胃癌临床疗效优于静脉化疗方法.     

Clinical significance of preoperative regional intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer

AIM: Preoperative intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy could increase the radical resection rate of advanced gastric cancer, but its effect on the long-term survival has not been assessed. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical significance of preoperative intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. METHODS: Clinicopathological data of 91 patients who underwent curative resection for advanced gastric cancer were collected. Among them, 37 patients undertaken preoperative intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy were used as the interventional chemotherapy group, and the remaining 54 patients as the control group. Eleven factors including clinicopathological variables, treatment procedures and molecular biological makers that might contribute to the long-term survival rate were analyzed using Cox multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rate was 52.5% and 39.8%, respectively, for the interventional group and the control group (P<0.05). Cox multivariate regression analysis revealed that the TNM stage (P<0.001), preoperative intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy (P = 0.029) and growth pattern (P = 0.042) were the independent factors for the long-term survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer. CONCLUSION: Preoperative intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy plays an important role in improving the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer.     

Effectiveness of preoperative chemotherapy for far advanced gastric cancer

We herein report a case in which preoperative chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil was found to effectively treat far advanced gastric cancer invading the pancreas forming a huge mass with regional and distant lymph node metastases. As a result of this treatment regimen, a potentially curative resection was performed which led to a substantially increased survival. The patient was treated with 10 mg of cisplatin and 1000 mg of 5-fluouracil each day preoperatively. After the continuous administration of these drugs for 28 days, the findings of extensive pancreas invasion and lymph node metastases dramatically disappeared. The tumor could be curatively resected by a total gastrectomy with lymph nodes dissection, combined with a distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy. A histological study of a resected specimen showed some cancer cell infiltration remaining within the muscularis propria with fibrous change. There was no evidence of either pancreas invasion or lymph node metastasis. As a result, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was performed, 14 months later lymph nodes recurrence was detected and the patient died 20 months after surgery. Our findings suggest that preoperative chemotherapy may thus be effective for the treatment of gastric cancer by both reducing the tumor burden and prolonging survival.     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer: a meta-analysis

AIM:To study the value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for advanced gastric cancer by performing a meta-analysis of the published studies.METHODS:All published controlled trials of NAC for advanced gastric cancer vs no therapy before surgery were searched.Studies that included patients with metastases at enrollment were excluded.Databases included Cochrane Library of Clinical Comparative Trials,MEDLINE,Embase,and American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting abstracts from 1978 to 2010.The censor date was...     

Fulminant amoebic colitis during chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer

A 52-year-old man had bloody stools during chemotherapy for gastric cancer. A colonoscopy revealed necrotizing ulcer-like changes. A biopsy confirmed the presence of amoebic trophozoites. Subsequently, peritonitis with intestinal perforation developed, and emergency peritoneal lavage and colostomy were performed. After surgery, endotoxin adsorption therapy was performed and metronidazole was given. Symptoms of peritonitis and colonitis resolved. However, the patient＇s general condition worsened with the progression of gastric cancer. The patient died 50 d after surgery. Fulminant amoebic colitis is very rarely associated with chemotherapy. Amoebic colitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients who have bloody stools during chemotherapy.     

Cost-effectiveness analysis of chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer in China

AIM： To assess the economics of various chemotherapeutic regimens for advanced gastric cancer （AGC）, and to select the best cost-effective regimen for the common Chinese patients.
METHODS： Data source used in this study was the Chinese Biomedical Disk Database. Patients were diagnosed as AGC and any regimen was eligible. Outcome measures included median survival time （MST） and percentage of complete and partial response （CR＋PR）. Economic statistics was per capita direct medical cost （DMC） of a single cycle. TreeAge Pro Healthcare 2007 software was used to carry out costeffectiveness and incremental cost-effectiveness analysis. Sensitivity analyses were applied by altering willingness- to-pay and annual discount rate, and also re-analyzed by excluding the studies with apparent heterogeneity.
RESULTS： Seven retrospective economics studies on 760 patients were included. S-fluorouracil-based regimens were universal, and also some new agents were involved, such as docetaxel, paclitaxel, andoxaliplatin. By processing analysis, we could recommend etoposide, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil （ELF） regimen as preference, with a DMC/MST ratio of 2543 RBM/11.7 mo and a DMC/CR＋PR ratio of 2543 RMB/53.3%. Uraciltegafur, etoposide and cisplatin （FEP） or 5-fluorouracil, adrimycin/epirubin and mitomycin （FAM） regimens could be regarded as optional first-line chemotherapy for AGC in common Chinese patients. With no regard for willingness-to-pay, the docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil （DCF） regimen could be chosen as either a first- or a second-line chemotherapy, with a DMC/CR＋PR ratio of 9979 RMB/56.3%.
CONCLUSION： 5-fluorouracial regimens are still considered the mainstream for AGC, while new agents such as taxanes are optional. More randomized clinical trials are required before any mandatory recommendation of certain regimens for patients with AGC in China is made.     

健脾益气法联合化疗治疗晚期胃癌的临床观察

[目的]探讨健脾益气方配合TP(紫杉醇脂质体+顺铂)方案化疗治疗晚期胃癌的疗效。[方法]将40例接受含氟尿嘧啶类方案或含紫杉类方案或含铂类方案化疗的胃癌患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组,对照组20例不服用健脾益气方,常规化疗;治疗组20例在化疗前1周开始口服自拟健脾益气方中药,至化疗结束。在化疗结束后评估恶心呕吐评分、生活质量评分及骨髓抑制评分。[结果]治疗组的恶心呕吐评分、生活质量评分及骨髓抑制评分均明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]健脾益气方配合化疗能明显减轻胃癌化疗后的不良反应,增强化疗疗效。     

Recent developments in chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer

Approximately 1 million individuals develop gastric cancer every year and the mortality of gastric cancer is only second to lung cancer. The poor prognosis is caused by late diagnosis of most cancers in advanced stages and the limited therapeutic options in these stages. Apart from the elucidation of underlying molecular and genetic changes in the development and progression of gastric cancers, the development of new treatment strategies is critical for the improvement of the treatment and prognosis of these patients. In this review we have summarized and critically assessed recent studies dealing with the chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer. While the efficacy of most treatment regimens is only limited, new developments may indicate that treatment with chemotherapy may confer some benefit in the future.     

Post-operative chemotherapy in non-curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The definitive effects of post-operative chemotherapy for prolonging survival in patients with non-curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer have not been established. METHODOLOGY: Eighty-three patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent non-curative gastrectomy were divided into 49 patients with post-operative chemotherapy (chemotherapy group) and 34 patients without post-operative chemotherapy (control group). Chemotherapy regimens were as follows: oral 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) alone (n = 22), intravenous mitomycin (MMC) plus 5-FU (n = 20), intravenous methotrexate (MTX) plus 5-FU (n = 3), intravenous cisplatin plus 5-FU (n = 2), and hepatic arterial infusion of 5-FU plus oral 5-FU (n = 2). No prior chemotherapy or radiation therapy was given. RESULTS: Although the age in the control group (mean: 71.9 years) was significantly older than in the chemotherapy group (mean: 66.1 years), there were no significant differences in the other clinical and pathological background data between the two groups. The 1-year survival rate in the chemotherapy group (71.4%) was significantly higher than in the control group (50.0%). However, the 3-year and 5-year survival rates did not significantly differ in the chemotherapy group versus the control group, 30.6% vs. 32.4% and 24.5% vs. 32.4%, respectively. Although a significant difference did not exist between the two groups, median survival after operation in the chemotherapy group (20.5 months) was longer than that in the control group (16.2 months). Furthermore, median survival of patients with peritoneal dissemination in the chemotherapy group (16.4 months) was significantly longer than that in the control group (7.7 months). CONCLUSIONS: Post-operative chemotherapy may contribute to prolonged survival in patients with non-curable advanced gastric cancer, even when patients had peritoneal dissemination. However, the long-term survival rate was not improved by post-operative chemotherapy. More aggressive chemotherapy may be needed to improve the long-term prognosis for such patients.     

5-氟尿嘧啶节律性化疗对晚期胃癌患者的临床疗效观察

目的观察5-氟尿嘧啶节律性化疗对晚期胃癌患者的临床疗效。方法选择我院24例晚期胃癌患者,使用5-氟尿嘧啶500 mg静脉持续泵入12 h d1-21,4周1个疗程,3～9个疗程后,对接受至少3个疗程的患者进行疗效评价。结果 24例患者随访8～24个月,3例部分缓解(12.5%),9例病情稳定(37.5%),无1例患者完全缓解,12例患者病情进展(50.0%),疾病控制率为50.0%。治疗有效患者的中位疾病进展时间(TTP)为3.2个月。结论 5-氟尿嘧啶节律性化疗可以有效控制老年晚期胃癌患者的病情进展,不良反应少且轻。     

Catheterization-associated complications of intraperitoneal chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer

AIM: To assess the catheterization-associated complications during intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPCT) for advanced gastric cancer.METHODS: From 1998 to 2002, 80 patients with advanced gastric cancer received a total of 320 courses of IPCT using a large bore central venous catheter and associated complications were analyzed.RESULTS: Catheterization-associated complications occurred in 11 of the 80 patients (13.8%), including abdominal pain caused by catheter in 2 cases (0.63%), insertion failure in 2 cases (0.63%), bowel perforation in 1 case (0.31%) and abdominal pain during chemotherapy in 6 cases (1.88%).No serious complications required surgical intervention.CONCLUSION: IPCT using central venous catheters can be performed safely and simply without severe associated complications.     

Evaluation of chemotherapy for gastric cancer by endoscopic ultrasonography]

We judged the efficacy of chemotherapy using endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in 26 cases of gastric cancer. Treatment efficacy was evaluated according to the General Rules for the Gastric Cancer Study, based on the reduction of the largest cross-sectional area of the tumor. A reduction of over 50% was rated as U-PR and a reduction of -25-50% was rated as U-NC. Our findings showed U-PR in 11 cases and U-NC in 15 cases. Three cases initially considered to be NC according to the rules were judged to be U-PR based on EUS findings. Marked therapeutic efficacy in these 3 cases was demonstrated clinically and this was confirmed by EUS findings. Generalized Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference in the cumulative survival rate between U-PR and U-NC cases (p < 0.05). EUS provides an objective means of evaluating the efficacy of chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients, including those with lesions that cannot be evaluated by the General Rules for the Gastric Cancer Study.     

Postoperative chemotherapy in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The definitive efficacy of postoperative chemotherapy in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer has not been established. The aim of this study is to evaluate prognosis in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer and the effect of postoperative chemotherapy on prognosis. METHODOLOGY: Fifty-three patients, 75 years of age or older who underwent curative surgery for advanced gastric cancer were divided into 14 patients with postoperative chemotherapy (chemotherapy group) and 39 patients without postoperative chemotherapy (control group). Chemotherapy regimens were as follows: oral 5-FU alone (n = 11), intravenous mitomycin plus 5-FU: MF (n = 2), and MF plus oral 5-FU (n = 1). No prior chemotherapy or radiation was given. RESULTS: There were no significant differences of clinical and pathological backgrounds between the two groups. The rate of death due to recurrent carcinoma was 50.0% in the chemotherapy group and 43.6% in the control group, the difference being insignificant. Although the median survival time of the chemotherapy group (40.4 months) was longer than in the control group (31.7 months), a significant difference did not exist between the groups. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates did not significantly differ between the chemotherapy group versus the control group, 85.7% versus 82.1%, 42.9% versus 51.3%, and 35.7% versus 46.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative chemotherapy did not contribute to prolong survival in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer mainly because the incidence of recurrent carcinoma was not reduced.     

贝伐单抗联合化疗治疗进展期转移性结直肠癌临床观察

目的评价贝伐单抗联合IFL方案（伊立替康、氟尿嘧啶、亚叶酸钙）治疗进展期结直肠癌的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性总结2007年6月～2009年8月期间分别给予贝伐单抗联合IFL方案（A组,40例）和单独IFL方案（B组,37例）进行化疗患者治疗后有效率、不良反应、治疗前后肿瘤标志物的变化和随访情况。结果A组和B组的有效率分别为40．0％和21．6％;所有患者治疗前后肿瘤标志物浓度均有明显变化（P〈0．05）,A组和B组比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,两组不良反应为Ⅰ～Ⅱ度,无严重不良反应,且差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;A组患者1年存活率为27．5％,其中生存期（OS）最长者达15．6个月,中位疾病进展期（TTP）为4．9个月,中位OS为10．5个月。B组患者1年存活率为18．9％,其中OS最长者达12．3个月,中位TTP为3．4个月,中位OS为8．8个月。两组1年存活率、中位TTP、中位OS比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论与单独使用IFL方案相比,贝伐单抗联合化疗对于进展期转移性结直肠癌治疗具有良好的效果,多数患者不良反应为轻到中度,毒副作用发生率低,患者能够耐受,能明显延长患者的生存期。     

联合化疗方案治疗老年晚期胃癌的临床疗效和安全性分析

目的探讨临床常用晚期胃癌联合化疗方案治疗老年胃癌的临床疗效和安全性。方法回顾性研究2010年1月至2012年12月期间一线接受联合化疗的老年（年龄≥65岁）晚期胃癌患者20例。化疗2月后评价疗效,化疗期间监测药物毒性反应,对无进展生存时间（PFS）和总生存期（OS）进行随访。结果接受联合化疗的老年胃癌患者客观缓解率为15%,疾病控制率为90%,中位PFS和OS分别为6月和20.1月;分层分析显示仅肿瘤分期与患者PFS（P〈0.01）和OS（P〈0.01）显著相关,与年龄（≤75岁vs〉75岁）或化疗方案无关;化疗期间全部Ⅲ~Ⅳ度药物毒性反应的发生率为35%。结论采用联合化疗方案治疗晚期老年胃癌患者毒性反应在可耐受范围内,并可带来生存获益,方案和剂量的选择值得进一步临床研究。