Comparative Study of IL-33 and IL-6 Levels in Different Respiratory Samples in Mild-to-Moderate Asthma and COPD

IL-6 and IL-33 are involved in the inflammatory process in obstructive lung diseases. In contrast to IL-6, few data on the expression of IL-33 in different biological samples from asthma and COPD patients are available. The aim was to evaluate the expressions of IL-33 and IL-6 in bronchial mucosa and to compare these expressions with the concentrations of both cytokines in various respiratory samples from patients with mild-to-moderate asthma and COPD. Serum, induced sputum and exhaled breath condensate IL-6 and IL-33 levels, as well as their expression in bronchial mucosa were evaluated in 22 asthma and 33 COPD patients. There were significant differences between bronchial mucosa IL-6, but not IL-33 expression in asthma and COPD. Serum and IS IL-6 concentrations were higher in COPD than in asthma (3.4 vs. 2.02 pg/mL, p = 0.002 and 16.5 vs. 12.7 pg/mL, p = 0.007, respectively); IL-33 levels reached similar values in asthma and COPD in all investigated samples. In both diseases, the lowest levels of IL-6 and IL-33 were found in EBC. EBC levels of both cytokines did not correlate with their expression in other materials. The IL-33 and IL-6 are detectable in serum, IS and EBC not only in asthma but also in COPD patients. In the COPD group, serum and IS IL-6 concentrations were statistically higher than in the asthma group. The tissue expression of IL-33 and IL-33 concentrations in the investigated biological samples were on a comparable level in both diseases. Our findings may suggest that IL-33 activation is a common pathway in asthma and COPD.     

Serum and bronchial lavage fluid concentrations of IL-8, SLPI, sCD14 and sICAM-1 in patients with COPD and asthma

BACKGROUND: Airway inflammation is associated with an increased expression and release of inflammatory reactants that regulate processes of cell migration, activation and degranulation. The purpose of this study was to quantify bronchial lavage (BAL) fluid and serum levels of chemokine (IL-8), secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), soluble intracellular adhesion molecules-1 (sICAM-1) and sCD14, as surrogate markers of inflammatory and immune response in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with similar disease duration time. METHODS: Biomarkers in serum and BAL fluid from asthma (n=13) and COPD (n=25) patients were measured using commercially available ELISA kits. RESULTS: We found that in asthma and COPD groups the concentrations of IL-8 and SLPI are significantly higher in BAL fluid than in serum, while levels of sICAM-1 and sCD14 in BAL fluid are significantly lower than in serum. Of these 4 measured biomarkers, only the BAL IL-8 was higher in COPD patients when compared to asthma (P<0.05). In both groups, BAL IL-8 correlated with SLPI (r=0.577, P<0.01 and r=0.589, P<0.05, respectively). In patients with COPD the BAL sICAM-1 correlated with sCD14 (r=0.576, P<0.01), while in asthma patients BAL sICAM-1 correlated with FEV(1)/FVC (r=0.418, P<0.01). Moreover, in asthma patients the serum SLPI correlated with sCD14 (r=0.688, P<0.01) and serum sICAM-1 negatively correlated with FEV(1)/FVC (r=-0.582, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our findings point to the importance of selecting a correct biological fluid when analyzing specific biomarkers, and also show that of 4 measured biomarkers, only the BAL IL-8 was higher in COPD patients when compared to asthma.     

Biomarkers of lung injury after one-lung ventilation for lung resection

Background and objective: Acute lung injury contributes to the mortality of patients after lung resection and one‐lung ventilation (OLV). The objective of this study was to characterise the effect of lung resection and OLV on proposed biomarkers of lung injury in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and plasma. Methods: In adults undergoing lung resection, EBC was collected before and at 30‐min intervals during OLV. Inflammatory mediators were assayed in plasma samples taken preoperatively, immediately postoperatively and 24 h postoperatively. Results: EBC pH decreased from 6.51 ± 0.43 preoperatively, to 6.17 ± 0.78 and 6.09 ± 0.83 at 30 and 60 min, respectively (mean ± SD, P = 0.034, n = 20). Plasma concentrations of the receptor for advanced glycation end‐products, von Willebrand factor and interleukin‐6 increased comparing preoperative and postoperative samples (all P < 0.001, n = 30). By contrast, levels of Krebs von den Lungen‐6 and surfactant protein‐D decreased (P < 0.001, n = 30), and correlated inversely with the extent of lung resected. Conclusions: Lung resection and OLV was associated with a rapid reduction in EBC pH and differential changes in plasma biomarkers of lung injury. Further investigation of EBC pH as a marker of ventilator‐induced lung injury is warranted.     

哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺疾病重叠综合征患者呼出气冷凝集液中TNF-α、IL-8、IL-10的检测水平及意义

目的检测哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺疾病重叠综合征(ACOS)患者呼出气冷凝集液(EBC)中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素8(IL-8)、IL-10水平,并分析其与该疾病的关系.方法选取2016年2月至2019年3月成都市第三人民医院收治的ACOS患者105例,单纯哮喘患者109例(哮喘组),单纯COPD患者104例(COPD组),另选取同期体检的正常人100例(健康对照组).酶联免疫吸附法检测EBC中TNF-α、IL-8、IL-10水平,自动血液仪检测外周血嗜酸粒细胞比例,利用肺功能仪检测所有受试者第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC).结果ACOS组、哮喘组、COPD组患者血清IgE水平、外周血嗜酸粒细胞显著高于健康对照组(t=13.594、23.188、3.595;20.886、26.966、20.036,P值均<0.05).ACOS组EBC中TNF-α、IL-8水平显著高于COPD组、哮喘组、健康对照组(t=11.999、13.157、26.807;6.961、7.741、32.496,P值均<0.05),IL-10水平、FEV1%pred显著低于哮喘组、COPD组、健康对照组(t=7.566、9.568、40.129;t=11.539、14.339、28.837,P值均<0.05),FEV1/FVC值显著低于健康对照组(t=16.756,P<0.05);COPD组、哮喘组EBC中TNF-α水平、IL-8水平显著高于健康对照组(t=14.892、14.057;25.544、25.146,P值均<0.05),IL-10水平、FEV1%pred、FEV1/FVC值显著低于健康对照组(t=32.562、31.045;t=17.372、14.939;13.752、16.341,P值均<0.05);哮喘组和COPD组TNF-α、IL-8、IL-10水平、FEV1%pred、FEV1/FVC值比较差异无统计学意义(t=1.015、0.697、1.909、2.658、2.457,P值均>0.05).Pearson检验结果显示,ACOS患者EBC中TNF-α、IL-8水平与FEV1%pred、FEV1/FVC呈负相关(r=-0.463、-0.504;-0.447、-0.476,P值均<0.05);IL-10水平与FEV1%pred、FEV1/FVC呈正相关(r=0.429、0.474,P值均<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清IgE水平升高、EBC中TNF-α、IL-8水平升高是ACOS的危险因素(P<0.05),EBC中IL-10水平升高是ACOS的保护因素(P<0.05).结论EBC中TNF-α、IL-8、IL-10水平可能具有潜在的鉴别ACOS生物标志价值.     

Childhood asthma: exhaled markers of airway inflammation, asthma control score, and lung function tests

Exhaled markers of airway inflammation become increasingly important in the management of childhood asthma. The aims of the present study are: 1) to compare exhaled markers of inflammation (nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and acidity of breath condensate) with conventional asthma measures (lung function tests and asthma control score) in childhood asthma; and 2) to investigate the detectability of albumin, CRP, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, sICAM-1, and sTNF-R75 in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of asthmatic children. Thirty-two children with mild to moderate persistent asthma and healthy controls aged 6-12 years were studied. We measured exhaled NO and CO, and subsequently EBC was collected. Inflammatory mediators in EBC were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Respiratory symptoms and asthma control were assessed using the asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) of Juniper et al. (Eur Respir J 1999;14:902-907). Exhaled NO showed a significant correlation with exhaled CO (r = 0.59, P < 0.05) and FEV1 (r = -0.59, P < 0.05), but not with ACQ score (r = 0.48, P = 0.06). Exhaled CO was correlated with prebronchodilator FEV1 (r = -0.45, P < 0.05), but not with asthma control (r = 0.18, P = 0.35). Acidity of EBC was significantly lower in asthmatic children than in healthy controls (P < 0.05), but did not correlate with any of the conventional asthma measures. We were not able to demonstrate the presence of CRP, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, sICAM-1, and sTNF-R75 in EBC. Albumin was found in two EBC samples of asthmatic children. We conclude that exhaled NO had a better correlation with lung function parameters and asthma control than exhaled CO and acidity of EBC, in mild to moderate persistent childhood asthma. However, exhaled NO, CO, and deaerated pH of EBC did not differ between asthmatic children and controls, possibly because of a too homogeneous and well-controlled study population. To further evaluate the clinical utility of exhaled markers in monitoring childhood asthma, more studies are required on a wider range of asthma severity, and preferably with repeated measurements of markers and of asthma control.     

Colonic Surgery With Accelerated Rehabilitation or Conventional Care

BACKGROUND For patients undergoing colonic surgery, the postoperative hospital stay is usually 6 to 10 days, and the morbidity rate is 15 to 20 percent. Fast-track rehabilitation programs have reduced the hospital stay to 2 to 3 days. The aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative outcome after colonic resection with conventional care compared with fast-track multimodal rehabilitation.METHODS One hundred thirty consecutive patients receiving conventional care (group 1) in one hospital were compared with 130 consecutive patients receiving multimodal, fast-track rehabilitation (group 2) in another hospital. Outcomes were time to first defecation after surgery, postoperative hospital stay, and morbidity during the first postoperative month.RESULTS Median age was 74 years (group 1) and 72 years (group 2). American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score was significantly higher in group 2 (P < 0.05). Defecation occurred on day 4.5 in group 1 and day 2 in group 2 (P < 0.05). Median hospital stay was 8 days in group 1 and 2 days in group 2 (P < 0.05). The use of a nasogastric tube was longer in group 1 (P < 0.05). The overall complication rate (35 patients) was lower in group 2 (P < 0.05), especially cardiopulmonary complications (5 patients; P < 0.01). Readmission was necessary in 12 percent of cases for group 1 and 20 percent in group 2 (P > 0.05).CONCLUSIONS Time to first defecation, hospital stay, and morbidity may be reduced after colonic resection with fast-track multimodal rehabilitation.Reprints are not available.     

Antiviral therapy decreases viral reactivation in patients with hepatitis B virus–related hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing hepatectomy: a randomized controlled trial

This prospective randomized controlled trial investigated whether antiviral therapy decreases the risk of perioperative viral reactivation in patients with hepatitis B virus–induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients with hepatitis B virus–related hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing liver resection were screened. Eighty‐four patients with low viral load were randomly assigned to receive either antiviral treatment with telbivudine or no therapy. The primary outcome was reactivation of viral replication. Secondary outcomes included liver function recovery and postoperative liver insufficiency. A total of 15 patients developed HBV reactivation during the perioperative period, of which 8 (57.1%) were within the first week after hepatectomy. The incidence of viral reactivation during the perioperative period was 2.5% (1/40) in the antiviral‐treated group, compared with 31.8% (14/44) in the control group [HR 0.07 (95%CI 0.01–0.65); P = 0.001]. Liver function recovery was achieved in 82.5% (33/40) patients in the antiviral group on day 30 after hepatectomy, compared with 91.0% (40/44) in the nonantiviral group [HR 1.23 (95%CI 0.98–2.55); P = 0.109]. A total of 7 patients (8.9%) had postoperative liver insufficiency in both groups, but there was no relevant difference between the two groups. Antiviral therapy with telbivudine can significantly decrease the perioperative reactivation of viral replication in patients with hepatitis B virus–related hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing liver resection. Antiviral therapy is an appropriate option for all patients with viral replication undergoing liver resection. (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, number ChiCTR‐TRC‐0900615).     

Circulating soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in active inflammatory bowel disease

Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 promotes the initial interaction between macrophages and T cells during immune activation. We have measured serum levels of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) by ELISA in 27 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 31 with Crohn's disease (CD), and 29 healthy subjects. The median sICAM-1 serum concentration was significantly increased in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients (355 ng/ml, range 195–855) compared to controls (245 ng/ml, 155–580) (P=0.001). Variance analysis for trend showed that sICAM-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with active CD and UC, compared to those with inactive disease and controls (P=0.00002). The concentration of sICAM-1 was higher in CD patients (365 ng/ml 230–470) compared to UC (300 ng/ml 195–855) (P=0.01). Furthermore, weak but significant correlations were found between serum levels of sICAM-1 and: soluble IL-2 receptors, orosomucoid, and C-reactive protein. It is suggested that increased circulating sICAM-1 levels may reflect increased adhesiveness and signal transmission across cells, probably as a result of shedding of the parent molecule during local cellular immuneresponsesin vivo.This study was supported by grants from Else & Mogens Wedell-Wedellsborg's Foundation, Direktør Jacob Madsen og hustru Olga Madsen's Foundation, and handelsgartner Ove Villiam Buhl Olesen and hustru Edith Buhl Olesen's Foundation.     

Hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy for cancer: impact on postoperative inflammatory and nutritional status

The purpose of this case–control study was to evaluate the impact of hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy for cancer on surgical stress response and nutritional status. All 34 consecutive patients undergoing hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy for cancer at our surgical unit between 2008 and 2013 were retrospectively compared with 34 patients undergoing esophagectomy with open gastric tubulization (open), matched for neoadjuvant therapy, pathological stage, gender and age. Demographic data, tumor features and postoperative course (including quality of life and systemic inflammatory and nutritional status) were compared. Postoperative course was similar in terms of complication rate. Length of stay in intensive care unit was shorter in patients undergoing hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy (P = 0.002). In the first postoperative day, patients undergoing hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy had lower C‐reactive protein levels (P = 0.001) and white cell blood count (P = 0.05), and higher albumin serum level (P = 0.001). In this group, albumin remained higher also at third (P = 0.06) and seventh (P = 0.008) postoperative day, and C‐reactive protein resulted lower at third post day (P = 0.04). Hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy significantly improved the systemic inflammatory and catabolic response to surgical trauma, contributing to a shorter length of stay in intensive care unit.     

Circulating interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and soluble ICAM-1 in patients with chronic stable angina and myocardial infarction

The changes in serum concentrations of cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) beta, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and a soluble-intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1) has been investigated in patients with stable angina and acute myocardial infarction. Thirty-four patients with stable angina (SA), 15 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and 20 subjects in the control (C) group were included in the study. The mean serum concentrations of sICAM-1, IL-1-beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha differed significantly among the three groups. Serum concentrations of IL-1 beta, sICAM-1, and TNF-alpha were comparable in the AMI and SA groups and higher than those found in the C group (p < 0.001). The serum concentration of IL-6 was more than twice as high in the AMI group as compared to the other two groups (p < 0.001). The mean serum concentrations of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 were comparable in the AMI and SA groups and higher than in the C group.     

高血压脑出血病人脑脊液sICAM-1与sIL-6R的对比观察

目的对比观察高血压脑出血急性期不同时间脑脊液(CSF)可溶性细胞间黏附分子(sICAM-1)和可溶性白细胞介素6受体(sIL-6R)及白细胞介素6(IL-6)的变化与继发性脑损伤的关系.方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定20例(对照组)和15例高血压脑出血病人CSF中sICAM-1、sIL-6R、IL-6含量变化.结果高血压脑出血后第1天CSF sICAM-1、sIL-6R、IL-6含量升高已达高峰.sICAM-1在出血后5 d～7 d明显下降,但仍高于正常对照,而sIL-6R和IL-6虽有下降,但仍维持在较高水平,两者之间呈正相关(P＜0.001),而sICAM-1与sIL-6R含量变化无明显相关(P＞0.05).结论 sICAM-1、sIL-6R和IL-6参与高血压脑出血的免疫和炎症反应过程,与继发性脑损伤程度有关,sICAM-1与sIL-6R和IL-6调节机制可能不同.     

The role of a protease inhibitor against hepatectomy

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Nafamostat Mesilate (NM) is a synthetic serine protease inhibitor that is capable of inhibiting the various coagulation factors. To determine whether NM may also be useful in attenuating operative invasiveness, we investigated the effects of perioperative administration of NM on postoperative serum levels of proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). METHODOLOGY: Thirty patients undergoing hepatectomy with hepatocellular carcinoma, biliary carcinoma and metastatic colorectal cancer were enrolled in this study. These patients were separated into two groups; high invasive group (resected liver volume: 1000cm3 <) and less invasive group (resected liver volume: 1000cm3 >). The high invasive group of 11 patients received perioperative administration of NM (Group NM), while the less invasive group of 19 patients did not (Group C). Serum levels of IL-6, HGF and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) were simultaneously measured on preoperative and postoperative day ('day 0', 'day 7'). RESULTS: Serum IL-6 levels on day 0 were significantly elevated and returned to preoperative levels on day 7 in both groups, and the serum IL-6 level in Group NM on day 0 was significantly lower than that in Group C on day 0. Serum HGF levels on day 0 and day 7 were significantly higher in Group NM than those in Group C. Compared with healthy control subjects, the higher serum level of HGF on the preoperative day in all patients was attributable to tumor-burden. The sIL-6R levels on day 0 decreased in both groups, and their levels in Group NM were significantly lower than those in Group C, suggesting that increased synthesis of IL-6/sIL-6R complex which could accelerate liver regeneration. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that perioperative administration of NM may attenuate surgical stress by decreasing production of proinflammatory cytokine IL-6, and may accelerate liver regeneration through stimulation with the IL-6/sIL-6R complex and possible involvement of increased production of HGF.     

血清谷氨酰转移酶和可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1与急性心肌梗死经皮冠脉介入术后心肌无复流发生的相关性

目的 探讨血清谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）和可溶性细胞间黏附分子（sICAM）-1与急性心肌梗死（AMI）经皮冠状动脉脉介入（PCI）术后心肌无复流发生的相关性。 方法 选取2017年1月至2019年12月收治的335例经PCI治疗的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者纳入研究,采集患者血液标本,测定血清GGT及sICAM-1水平,根据PCI术中心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级,将患者分为心肌再灌注组（n = 288）与无复流组(n = 47),比较两组患者血清检测指标及心功能指标水平。 结果 两组糖尿病、脑钠尿肽前体（proBNP）及肌钙蛋白(cTn) I 水平比较差异显著（P < 0.05, P < 0.01）;无复流组和再灌注组的病变长度及发病至血管再通时间比较差异显著（P < 0.01）;无复流组PCI术后即刻及术后48 h的血清GGT及血清sICAM-1水平均显著高于再灌注组（P < 0.05）;无复流组PCI术后48h的血清GGT及血清sICAM-1水平均显著高于PCI术后即刻水平（P < 0.05）;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,GGT、sICAM-1及发病至血管再通时间为影响心肌无复流发生的独立危险因素（P < 0.05）。 结论 血清GGT及sICAM-1与AMII PCI术后心肌无复流有关,其水平升高是心肌无复流发生的危险因素。     

Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 and E-selectin in Patients with Asthma Exacerbation

Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) are important factors in immunological processes of inflammatory cell buildup in target tissues. Studies have suggested that these molecules could be important markers of inflammatory diseases. This study was undertaken to assess the levels of sICAM-1 and sE-selectin during an acute attack of asthma in adults and children and to establish normal values (95th percentile) in healthy control subjects. We analyzed serum levels of ICAM-1 and E-selectin in 120 children and adults obtained during an acute attack of asthma: 40 with severe and 80 with moderately severe attack, and 50 healthy subjects as controls by ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). sICAM-1 from patients with asthma was significantly higher than healthy controls (P < 0.001) but not for sE-selectin (P = 0.778). Significant differences were observed in moderately severe attack versus controls and severe attack of asthma for sICAM-1. With 95th percentile levels as cutoff for normal values (sICAM-1 = 585.08 ng/ml, sE-selectin = 160.87 ng/ml), it was observed that 88.3% of subjects (sICAM-1) and 98.5% of subjects (sE-selectin) with an acute attack of asthma had levels within the normal range. Although mean serum levels of sICAM-1 are higher in asthmatics than normal controls, it may be necessary to establish individual baseline values for serial estimation to evaluate their clinical relevance.     

Effects of combined administration of vitamins C and E on reactive hyperemia and inflammatory process in chronic smokers

Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of combined administration of antioxidant vitamins C and E on endothelial function and serum levels of inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-), interleukines 1b (IL-1b) and 6 (IL-6), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin in chronic smokers. Forty-three smokers were randomly divided into four groups receiving vitamin C 2 g/day (group A), vitamin C 2 g/day plus vitamin E 400 IU/day (group B), vitamin C 2 g/day plus vitamin E 800 IU/day (group C) or no antioxidant treatment (group D), for 4 weeks. Forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured using venous occlusion strain gauge plethysmography. Forearm vasodilatory response to reactive hyperemia (RH%) was expressed as the percentage change from baseline to post reactive hyperemia blood flow. RH% was significantly increased in groups B (P<0.05) and C (P<0.01), but remained unaffected in groups A and D. Serum levels of IL-1b, IL-6, sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were significantly reduced in group C (P<0.05, respectively), but remained unaffected in groups A, B and D. Thus, short term administration of vitamins C (2 g/day) and E (800 IU/day) reduces serum levels of IL-1b, IL-6, sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1, and improves forearm vasodilatory response to reactive hyperemia in healthy young smokers, while monotherapy with vitamin C alone is ineffective.     

Psychological stress increases expression of aortic plaque intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and seruminflammatory cytokines in atherosclerotic rabbit model

Plaque rupture,platelet aggregation,and thrombogenesis are the main mechanisms of acute coronary syndrome (ACS),and inflammation factors play key roles in plaque unstability.Psychological stress promotes acute inflammatory response,leading to increased circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP),IL-6,and serum intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1.But it is not clear that whether psychological stress has a direct effect on atherosclerotic plaque stability.The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of chronic psychological stress on inflammatory marker (ICAM-1 ) in atherosclerotic plaque,and inflammatory markers in peripheral blood.Materials and methods Sixty male rabbits were randomized into 2 groups:the control group (n =10) and the atherosclerotic group (n =50).The latter were fed on high fatty diet and were given a large dose of vitamin D3 (3 600 000IU/kg) via intraperitoneal injection.After 8 weeks,the atherosclerotic model was estaslished.Then the 50 atherosclerotic model rabbits were divided into 3 subgroups:no-stress subgroup (n = 16),physiological stress subgroup (n = 16) and psychological stress subgroup (n =18).In physiological stress subgroup and psychological stress subgroup,drinking was cut from twice a day to once a day.At the same time,psychological stress subgroup was given empty bottle stress,and this process lasted for 2 weeks.One hour after the last stress,the blood samples were collected and the serum levels of CRP,IL-6 amd ICAM-1 were tested by radioimmunoassay or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The aorta and heart were extracted for pathology examination,and the express of ICAM-1 was tested by immunohistochemical examination.Results (1) After effective atherosclerotic animal model construction,the expression of ICAM-1 in aorta was higher in atherosclerotic group than that in control group (P＜0.01),and was notably higher in psychological stress subgroup than that in no-stress subgroup or in physiological stress subgroup (2.18±0.17 vs 1.58±0.22,1.22±0.15,P＜0.001,respectively).The expression in physiological stress subgroup was higher than that in no-stress subgroup (584±0.22 vs 1.22±0.15,P=0.001).(2) The serum level of IL-6 (51.80±4.60 pg/ml vs 27.60±4.19 pg/ml,8.01±1.39 pg/ml,7.83±1.37 pg/ml),sICAM-1 ( 1.24±0.25 vs 0.85±0.09,0.62±0.17,0.57±0.11),CRP ( 1.004±0.37 vs 0.90±0.29,1.01±0.22,0.71±0.13) in psychological stress group were significantly higher than that in other groups (All P＜0.05).There was a positive relationship between the serum level of CRP,IL-6 and ICAM-1 and the expression of ICAM-1 in aorta wall ( r =0.59,r =0.75,r =0.87,P＜0.01,respectively).Conclusions Psychological stress induces an increased expression of ICAM-1 in aortic atherosclerotic plaque,a higher serum level of CRP,IL-6,and sICAM-1 expression.Psychologial stress has a direct effect on the transition from stability to unstability through in-plaque and out-plaque inflammation.The serum level of CRP,IL-6 and ICAM-1 can reflex the inflammatory degree in atherosclerotic plaque.(J Geriatr Cardiol 2008;5:235-242)     

Clinical evaluation of serum concentrations of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in patients with colorectal cancer

AIM: To investigate the correlation between the serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and the clinicopathologic features and to evaluate the possible prognostic significance of sICAM-1 concentration in colorectal cancer. METHODS: A total of 56 patients (mean age 57.3 years) having transitional cell carcinoma of the colorectal and 25 control patients (mean age 42.6 years) were enrolled in the study. The serum samples of the patients were obtained on the day before surgery. Sera were obtained by centrifugation, and stored at -80 ℃ until assay. Serum concentrations of ICAM-1 were measured with enzyme-linked immunoassay. Differences between the two groups were analyzed by Student's t-test. RESULTS: No significant increase of serum sICAM-1 could be demonstrated in the Dukes A1 patients (352.63±61.82 μg/L) compared to the control group (345.72±49.81 μg/L, P>0.05), Dukes A1 patients (352.63±61.82 μg/L) compared to Dukes A2,3 patients (491.17±86.36μg/L, P<0.05). Furthermore, the patients with Dukes B had significantly higher serum concentrations of sICAM-1 than those of the control group (496.82±93.04 μg/L vs 345.72±49.81 μg/L, P<0.01). Compared with Dukes A2,3, B colorectal cancer patients, patients with more advanced clinical stage (Dukes C and D) had higher levels of sICAM-1 (743.68± 113.74 μg/L vs491.17±86.36 μg/L and 496.82±93.04 μg/L, P<0.001). The difference was statistically significant in sICAM-1 levels between patients with positive lymph node status and those without lymph node involvement (756.25±125.57 μg/L vs445.62±69.18 μg/L, P<0.001). Patients with poorly differentiated colorectal cancer had a higher level of sICAM-1 than those with differentiated and highly differentiated cancer (736.49±121.97μg/L vs410.23±67.47 μg/L,P<0.001). CONCLUSION: In this study, serum ICAM-1 levels were found to be related to tumor presence, clinical stages, and grade. Increased ICAM-1 in patients with colorectal cancer which should be considered when the diagnostic and/or prognostic usefulness of soluble ICAM-1 is to be evaluated. sICAM-1 should prove useful for monitoring malignant disease stage and for evaluating the effectiveness of various therapeutic approaches for colorectal carcinomas.     

The clinical value of hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor—c-met for liver cancer patients with hepatectomy

BACKGROUND: To study the dynamic change of hepatocyte growth factor after hepatectomy in patients with primary liver cancer, and to analyse the prognostic value of hepatocyte growth factor and c-met for these patients. METHODS: Thirty-one consecutive patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for liver cancer were studied. Serum hepatocyte growth factor level was determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit before and after operation, respectively. C-met protein and MRNA expressions in cancerous and paracancerous tissues were examined by immunohistochemical and RT-PCR methods, respectively. The correlations between clinical-pathologic parameters and the expressions of hepatocyte growth factor in serum and c-met in cancerous tissues were analysed, respectively. RESULTS: Liver cancer patients had a significantly higher level of serum hepatocyte growth factor than normal controls (1.0424+/-0.498 ng/ml versus 0.685+/-0.115 ng/ml, p=0.008). Serum hepatocyte growth factor level was positively affected by tumour size, node cirrhosis, portal vein tumour thrombi, cholangiocarcinoma (including combined hepatocellular carcinoma), poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma and tumour recurrence or metastases. After hepatectomy, serum hepatocyte growth factor level peaked on the third postoperative day, and then declined, but did not return to normal level on the postoperative day 10. From the preoperative day to postoperative day 10, the level of serum hepatocyte growth factor had a decrease of percent (85.33+/-10.2%) in the group with large tumours (>5 cm), but an elevation of percent (121.9+/-10.3%) in the group with small tumours (相似文献   

雷帕霉素洗脱支架对冠心病患者介入术后血炎症因子的影响

目的:比较雷帕霉素洗脱支架(Cypher)与普通Bxsonic支架对冠心病不稳定性心绞痛患者血白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、P选择素、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平的影响。方法:选择62例冠心病不稳定性心绞痛患者,30例置入Cypher支架(Cypher支架组),32例置入普通Bxsonic支架(普通支架组)。分别于术前,术后即刻,术后6小时取冠状静脉窦血测定IL-6、P选择素、slCAM-1浓度;而IL-6、P选择素、sICAM-1、CRP分别于术前、术后即刻、术后6小时、术后24小时、7天、1个月取肘静脉血检测。以上标本均采用酶联免疫吸附法。结果:冠状静脉窦血样显示Cypher支架组P选择素、IL-6、sICAM-1水平在扩张前、术后即刻与普通支架组无明显差异(P>0.05),在6小时明显低于普通支架组,差异有显著性(P<0.05-0.01);外周静脉血样显示IL-6、P选择素、sICAM-1、CRP在术后6小时、24小时、7天时Cypher支架组与普通支架组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05-0.01);IL-6、sICAM-1、CRP在1个月无显著性差异(P>0.05),但P选择素在1个月时Cypher支架组高于普通支架组(P<0.05)。结论:雷帕霉素洗脱支架对冠心病患者介入术后血炎症因子的产生有抑制作用,可能抑制介入术后的炎症反应也是其抗再狭窄的机制之一。     

Effects of octreotide on epidermal growth factor receptor,tissue plasminogen activator,and plasminogen activator inhibitor during intraperitoneal adhesion formation

Background . Intraperitoneal adhesions remain a problem after abdominal surgery. Octreotide has been proved to be able to reduce the number, strength, and extent of fibrous bands at and away from the anastomotic site in an animal model of rats with intestinal resection and reanastomosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) are involved in this process. Methods. Laparotomy with intestinal resection and reanastomosis was performed on 60 male Wistar rats. All rats were randomly assigned to five groups: receiving no medication (control; C), normal saline (NS), octreotide solution peritoneal irrigation (Oc), octreotide intramuscular injection (IM), and Oc plus octreotide intramuscular injection (Oc + IM). The concentrations of serum EGF-R, plasma tPA, PAI-1, and PAI-2, and the strength of wound healing were measured. Results. The serum EGF-R concentration showed no significant change from the preoperative level in the C and NS groups 7 and 14 days after the abdominal surgery. However, it decreased significantly on postoperative days 7 and 14 in groups Oc, IM, and Oc + IM (P < 0.05). The plasma tPA concentrations were significantly higher than the preoperative level in all groups of rats on postoperative day 7. The levels were higher in groups Oc, IM, and Oc + IM than in group C or group NS at that time (P < 0.05). On postoperative day 14, the plasma tPA concentrations had returned to the preoperative level in group C and group NS. However, the concentrations in groups Oc, IM, and Oc + IM still remained at a significantly higher level than the concentrations in group C and group NS. The plasma PAI-1 and PAI-2 concentrations showed no significant difference from the preoperative level in group C and group NS on days 7 and 14 after the abdominal surgery. However, the concentrations in groups Oc, IM, and Oc + IM on postoperative days 7 and 14 were markedly lower than those in groups C and NS (P < 0.05). The wound strength was significantly greater on day 14 than on day 7 in all groups. Conclusions. In the rats with octreotide irrigation, the EGF-R level was decreased, the plasma tPA concentration was higher, and the plasma PAI-1 and PAI-2 concentrations were lower when compared with values in group C and group NS rats on days 7 and 14 after surgery. The data suggest that EGF-R, tPA, PAI-1, and PAI-2 are all involved in the mechanism of octreotide's action in reducing adhesion formation. Received: February 25, 2002 / Accepted: November 22, 2002 RID="*" ID="*" Reprint requests to: H.-S. Lai Acknowledgments. This study was supported by a National Science Council Grant (NSC87-2314-B-002-352), and a National Taiwan University Hospital Grant (NTUH. 89S1509)