多层螺旋CT对结核性腹膜炎的诊断价值

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT对结核性腹膜炎的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析22例有CT扫描资料的结核性腹膜炎病例,其中经手术病理证实5例,经腹腔穿刺和/(或)经临床综合指标及抗结核治疗随访显效而诊断者17例,重点观察结核性腹膜炎累及腹膜腔、腹膜下间隙及腹膜后间隙的CT表现特征。结果:结核性腹膜炎螺旋CT的主要表现有:①壁腹膜光滑、增厚19例(86.4%),其中均匀增厚17例,局部不规则增厚2例,12例增厚的腹膜有轻度强化;②大网膜增厚16例(72.7%),表现为污迹样增厚10例,结节样增厚4例,饼状增厚2例;③肠系膜受累15例(68.2%),其中10例合并小结节影;④淋巴结增大12例(54.5%),其中6例显示环状强化(27.2%);⑤腹腔积液20例(90.9%),其中11例为少量积液。结论:多层螺旋CT表现具有特征性,对临床诊断具有重要价值。     

结核性腹膜炎的多层螺旋CT表现

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT对结核性腹膜炎的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析22例有CT扫描资料的结核性腹膜炎病例,其中经手术病理证实5例,经腹腔穿刺和/或经临床综合指标及抗结核治疗随访显效而诊断者17例.主要观察:腹膜、网膜、系膜及淋巴结改变和腹水.结果 结核性腹膜炎螺旋CT的主要表现有:①壁腹膜光滑、增厚19例(86.4%),其中均匀增厚17例,局部不规则增厚2例,12例增厚的腹膜有明显强化;②大网膜增厚16例(72.7%),表现为污迹样增厚10例,结节样增厚4例,饼状增厚2例;③肠系膜受累15例(68.2%),其中10例合并小结节影;④淋巴结增大12例(54.5%),其中6例显示环状强化(27.2%);⑤腹腔积液20例(90.9%),其中10例为少量积液.结论 结核性腹膜炎的多层螺旋CT表现具有特征性,对临床诊断具有重要价值.     

结核性腹膜炎的CT特征探讨

目的：探讨结核性腹膜炎的CT表现特征，提高对本病CT征象表现的认识。方法：回顾性分析18例结核性腹膜炎病例的CT资料，其中经手术病理证实4例，经腹腔穿刺和经临床综合指标及抗结核治疗随访显效而诊断者14倒，主要观察结恢性腹膜炎引起的壁腹膜，大网膜、肠系膜、腹水及淋巴结增大的CT表现特征。结果：（1）壁腹膜增厚16例（89％），其中光滑均匀增厚15倒，局部不规则增厚1例，10例增厚的腹膜有明显强化。（2）大网膜增厚16例（89％），表现为污迹样增厚10例，结节样增厚4例，饼状增厚2例．（3）肠系膜受累12例（60％），其中4例合并小结节。（4）腹水12例（60％），其中9例为少量腹水．（5）淋巴结增大12例（60％）．其中5例显示环行强化．结论：结核性腹膜炎的CT主要表现有均匀性腹膜增厚并强化，大网膜污迹样增厚、肠系膜受累及腹水、腹腔淋巴结增大等。     

腹腔和腹膜后间隙结核的CT诊断

探讨腹腔和腹膜后间隙结核的CT表现特征及其解剖病理基础。材料和方法：回顾性分析8例淋巴结结核，7例淋巴结结核合并结核性腹膜炎及4例结核性腹膜炎的CT表现。结果：淋巴结结核主要表现为淋巴结肿大，增强扫描呈环状强化，可融合成分隔状肿块，主要累及肠系膜、网膜、胰周及L2平面以上腹膜后间隙，且腹腔淋巴结受累程度明显重于腹膜后间隙淋巴结。结核性腹膜炎之腹水密度较高，系膜、网膜上有斑片状及结节状病灶，肠曲粘连固定。结论：CT扫描可反映淋巴结结核及结核性腹膜炎的解剖病理改变特征。     

结核性腹膜炎的CT表现及其病理学基础

目的　探讨结核性腹膜炎的CT表现特点及其病理基础。方法　 2 1例经病理和临床证实的结核性腹膜炎病例 ,主要观察( 1)腹水性质及解剖分布 ;( 2 )系膜、网膜、腹膜改变的CT表现形式 ;( 3)淋巴结肿大及其增强情况。结果　 ( 1)腹水 18例 ,高密度腹水 15例 ( >2 0HU) ,3例低密度腹水 ( <2 0HU) ,6例为包裹性积液。 ( 2 )系膜改变为增厚、结节状、污秽状 ,共 2 1例。 ( 3)饼状网膜肿块 5例 ,网膜点条状、污秽样改变 8例。 ( 4 )腹膜增厚 15例 (腹膜光滑 13例 ,腹膜结节 2例 )。 ( 5 )淋巴结肿大 9例 ,7例并见环状强化。结论　腹膜、网膜、系膜的改变伴高密度腹水 ,环状强化的肿大淋巴结 ,常可作出结核性腹膜炎的诊断。     

腹腔及腹膜后间隙淋巴结结核的多层螺旋CT强化特征

目的研究腹腔及腹膜后间隙淋巴结结核的多层螺旋CT强化特征,以提高该疾病的影像诊断水平。方法收集本院经临床病理证实的腹部淋巴结结核19例,在多层螺旋CT强化图像上,观察受累淋巴结的大小、形态、密度、强化类型、优势解剖分布以及淋巴结外器官病变的强化特征。结果94.7%淋巴结结核呈典型的环状强化,仅5.3%增大的淋巴结呈均匀强化。腹部淋巴结结核常优势地累及肠系膜(73.7%)、门腔间隙(63.2%)、肝十二指肠韧带(57.9%)、肝胃韧带(47.4%)和腹主动脉周围上部淋巴结(47.4%)。9例(47.4%)脾增大,其中5例(26.3%)脾内有多发低密度灶,病灶周边强化;6例(31.5%)腹腔积液;3例(15.8%)大网膜、肠系膜和壁层腹膜广泛结节样增厚。结论结核累及腹腔及腹膜后间隙淋巴结的多层螺旋CT强化具有一定特征。     

腹腔和腹膜后间隙结核的CT表现及其病理基础

目的：明确腹腔、腹膜后间隙结核的ＣＴ表现与病理基础的相关性。材料和方法：对１３例淋巴结结核、２例结核性腹膜炎以及２例淋巴结结核合并结核性腹膜炎采用ＣＴ增强扫描，观察其病变的形态、密度及解剖分布。结果：淋巴结结核表现为淋巴结增大，增强扫描呈环状强化，可融合成多房样肿块，主要分布于系膜、网膜及Ｌ２平面以上的腹膜后间隙；而结核性腹膜炎ＣＴ表现为腹水密度较高，网膜、系膜上斑片和结节影，网膜增厚，卷缩成不规则肿块，受累的系膜、网膜与肠曲粘连、固定。结论：淋巴结结核病理改变决定其ＣＴ增强扫描特征以及优势解剖分布；ＣＴ扫描可揭示结核性腹膜炎解剖病理特点。     

结核性腹膜炎的MSCT表现

目的:分析结核性腹膜炎的MSCT表现.方法:回顾性分析15例结核性腹膜炎的8层螺旋CT表现,其中11例行常规腹部增强CT扫描.所有病例中经手术病理证实5例,腹腔穿刺病理证实4例,临床抗结核有效并持续观察6例.结果:15例均有腹水,其中腹、盆腔多处包裹性积液2例,少量腹水3例;腹膜增厚10例,呈不均匀增厚6例,6例呈明显增强征象;网膜增厚9例,呈饼样5例、茧样2例、污秽样2例,增强后显示更加清晰;肠系膜增厚11例,表现为结节、污秽样改变;淋巴结增大6例,其中2例增强后呈明显环样强化.伴有其它脏器结核8例,其中肺结核并胸水6例,肠结核2例.结论:结核性腹膜炎多层螺旋CT具有特征性表现,必要的多平面重建可以揭示病变的特征、范围及周围结构.     

腹腔结核的CT表现

目的评价CT诊断腹腔结核的价值。方法回顾性分析经手术病理或抗痨治疗确诊的腹腔结核16例CT表现,其中男8例,女8例。年龄20～66岁,平均36.4岁。结果腹腔淋巴结肿大(n=11),肠系膜肿块(n=6),腹水(n=6,多为限制性),网膜增厚(n=7),肠壁增厚(n=6),胸水(n=2),胰腺结节(n=1)。腹腔淋巴结肿大(以肠系膜、胰周淋巴结为主),主要表现为因中央干酪样坏死而呈环形或多房样强化,并有部分淋巴结钙化,且腹腔淋巴结受累程度明显重于腹膜后间隙淋巴结。结核性腹膜炎时腹水密度较高,系膜、网膜上有斑片状及结节状病灶,肠曲粘连固定。结论密切结合临床、实验室检查及CT表现,有望提高腹腔结核诊断准确性。     

儿童结核性腹膜炎的MSCT诊断价值

目的 分析儿童结核性腹膜炎的多层螺旋CT(MSCT)表现,探讨CT诊断及鉴别诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析经临床和/或病理证实的18例儿童结核性腹膜炎（TBP）的MSCT影像表现特点。观察腹膜结构（壁腹膜、大网膜、肠系膜）增厚情况、有无腹腔积液、有无其他系统（腹腔淋巴结、实质脏器或腹外系统）的异常改变。应用宝石能谱成像（GSI）综合分析平台将能谱CT检查获得的影像数据重建出相应的动、静脉期碘（水）基图,进一步分析其能谱曲线特点。结果 CT对TBP的检出率为94.4%(17/18)。TBP的CT影像主要表现为壁腹膜光滑均匀增厚（13例）、大网膜污垢样改变（12例）、肠系膜污垢样改变（16例）、腹腔积液（18例）及腹腔淋巴结肿大（15例）,且以上多种表现常同时出现。18例TBP均未累及腹部实质脏器;14例伴有肺部改变,5例合并结核性脑膜炎。网膜、淋巴结及肠系膜组织的能谱曲线随着不同能量的衰减趋势基本趋于一致,以增厚网膜的强化程度最高。结论 儿童TBP的MSCT表现具有一定特征性,结合临床资料有助于提高病变的诊断准确性。CT能谱曲线可以提供有价值的半定量信息,可作为传统CT检查的补充,为其诊断提...     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.