Isolation of the left common carotid or left innominate artery

Isolation of the left common carotid or left innominate artery from the aortic arch is rare. A six week malformed infant with a right aortic arch had isolation of a left innominate artery and connection to the pulmonary artery by a left ductus arteriosus. A right ductus arteriosus had been ligated. Another infant with a right aortic arch and ostium primum atrial septal defect was shown to have an aberrant left subclavian artery arising from the lower descending aorta. The left common carotid artery filled retrogradely and drained into the pulmonary artery by a left ductus arteriosus. This abnormality has not been reported before.     

无名动脉及左颈总动脉起始部狭窄及闭塞的治疗体会

目的:探讨无名动脉及左颈总动脉起始部狭窄及闭塞的治疗方法。方法:对2006年12月至2015年9月,收治的15例无名动脉及左颈总动脉起始部狭窄及闭塞患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。15例患者中,完全腔内技术治疗4例,杂交技术5例,工血管旁路移置术6例,对围手术期和随访结果进行分析。结果:所有病例均顺利完成手术。全组无脑血管并发症发生。围手术期并发症包括主动脉夹层1例、泌尿系感染1例,上呼吸道感染1例,均经保守治疗好转出院,无患者死亡。15例患者均进行了随访,随访时间7~112个月,完全腔内治疗组有1例患者于术后25个月发现无名动脉支架内再狭窄,其余患者无再狭窄及其他并发症发生。结论:无名动脉及左颈总动脉起始部的狭窄及闭塞可以根据具体情况采用腔内技术、杂交技术以及开放手术治疗,围手术期及远期效果满意,是安全、有效的治疗方法。     

Hybrid procedures for the treatment of multi-focal ipsilateral internal carotid and proximal common carotid or innominate artery lesions

We report three cases with concomitant ipsilateral proximal common carotid and internal carotid artery stenosis treated in one stage with carotid endarterectomy and retrograde primary stenting of the common carotid artery. The internal carotid artery was clamped during stenting to avoid cerebral embolization. All procedures were successfully completed and all patients remain asymptomatic at 18 months follow up. The one-stage hybrid approach appears to be a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of ipsilateral multifocal significant lesions.     

Right aortic arch with isolation of left innominate artery.

A new entity of right aortic arch with isolation of the left innominate artery is described in a three-day-old boy with complete endocardial cushion defect. Embryologically, this type of anomaly will result if the interruption of the embryonic left aortic arch occurs at two sites, one between the left ductus arteriosus and the descending aorta and the other between the ascending aorta and the left common carotid artery. Absence of pulse in the left arm and on the left side of the neck strongly suggests this anomaly. The aortogram and pulmonary arteriogram may confirm the diagnosis of this anomaly during life.     

股动脉联合无名动脉 左颈总动脉插管在手术治疗急性A型主动脉夹层患者中的临床效果分析

［摘要］　目的　分析股动脉联合无名动脉、左颈总动脉插管在手术治疗急性A型主动脉夹层(ATAAD)患者中的临床效果。方法　选择2021年4月至2022年4月在安徽医科大学附属省立医院行手术治疗的ATAAD患者62例,其中26例行股动脉+无名动脉+左颈总动脉三动脉插管方法建立体外循环（CPB）者为观察组,36例采用股动脉+无名动脉的双动脉插管方法建立CPB者为对照组。比较两组术前、术中及术后早期的临床资料。结果　与对照组相比,观察组停循环时间更短,但术中出血量较多,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组术后苏醒时间、呼吸机停用时间、胸管拔除时间快于对照组,重症监护时间、术后住院时间短于对照组,脑部并发症、肾功能不全发生率低于对照组,术后当日引流量多于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。对照组术后二次开胸止血3例（8.33%）,术后30 d内死亡3例（8.33%）;观察组无术后二次开胸止血病例,术后30 d内死亡1例（3.85%）,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论　在手术治疗ATAAD中,通过股动脉+无名动脉+左颈总动脉插管可安全、有效地建立CPB,能在保证术中脑部充足血供的同时降低停循环时间,降低术后并发症的发生风险,缩短术后住院时间,改善患者预后,值得在临床推广。     

Fistulous connection between the left pulmonary artery and the innominate vein

A 66-yr-old woman was admitted to our clinic with signs and symptoms suggesting either pulmonary embolism or pneumonia. Subsequently she was diagnosed as having pneumonia, but since pulmonary artery pressure was high on echocardiography, pulmonary angiography was performed to exclude the possibility of pulmonary embolism. No findings suggestive of pulmonary embolism were evident on pulmonary angiogram, but there was a fistulous connection between the left pulmonary artery and the innominate vein. To our knowledge, this report represents the first case of a fistula between the pulmonary artery and a systemic vein. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Saddle embolism of the innominate artery.

A case of saddle embolism to the innominate artery in a patient with congestive myocardiopathy is presented. Embolectomy was successfully performed under local anesthesia using a combined carotid and axillary approach.     

Isolation of the left subclavian artery

Two cases of isolation of the left subclavian artery from the aortic arch are reported for the rarity of this lesion. One patient was diagnosed clinically, the other after angiography. The isolated left subclavian artery was reimplanted in one patient. This rare anomaly has clinical and surgical relevance and should be diagnosed by diligent clinical and angiographic evaluation.     

颈内动脉中重度狭窄或闭塞患者同侧颈总动脉血流动力学的观察

目的观察颈内动脉(ICA)中、重度狭窄或闭塞患者同侧颈总动脉(CCA)血流动力学的改变,分析CCA血流动力学改变与ICA狭窄程度之间的关系。方法选择单侧ICA颅外段50%～99%狭窄或闭塞,且双侧CCA管径正常或狭窄率<50%的患者200例。按患侧ICA狭窄率将患者分为50%～69%狭窄组(50例)、70%～99%狭窄组(68例)及闭塞组(82例)。采用彩色多普勒超声测量双侧CCA的管径(ID)、收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张末期流速(EDV)、平均流速(MV)及阻力指数(RI)。计算颈动脉血流量(BFV)、患侧的ICA与CCA峰值流速比值(PSVICA/PSVCCA)以及健侧与患侧CCA血流动力学各参数比值。结果①各组内患侧与健侧及各组间患侧CCA的ID比较,差异均无统计学意义。②与健侧比较,50%～69%组除患侧的PSVICA/PSVCCA增高外(1.90±0.36对0.88±0.23,P<0.001),其他参数差异均无统计学意义。③与同组健侧比较及与50%～69%组患侧比较,70%～99%组和闭塞组(闭塞组无PSVICA/PSVCCA)患侧的PSVICA/PSVCCA、RI增高(P<0.001);PSV...     

Intraoperative innominate and common carotid intervention combined with carotid endarterectomy: a "true" endovascular surgical approach.

PURPOSE: To report the technique of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) combined with retrograde balloon angioplasty and stenting of proximal "tandem" lesions in the supra-aortic trunk. TECHNIQUE: Intraoperative techniques in 34 patients with 23 left common carotid artery (CCA) and 11 innominate artery lesions included general anesthesia, low-dose dextran, prosthetic patching, selective shunting, 8-F sheath entry into the native CCA before the CEA, manual CCA sizing, and balloon-expandable stent placement after predilation. The technique has a high procedural success rate (97%) and appears durable. Over a mean 34-month follow-up, 2 >70% ostial CCA restenoses were found at 24 months. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative innominate or left CCA balloon angioplasty/stenting combined with carotid endarterectomy is safe, effective, and durable.     

Cross-over axillary by-pass. Treatment of subclavian or innominate artery obstructive lesions

A 13-year experience consisting on 16 consecutive patients submitted to axillary-to-contralateral artery by-pass in the treatment of obstructive lesions of the subclavian or innominate artery is reported. Nine patients complained of typical subclavian steal syndrome. Extended patency with very satisfactory functional result was achieved in twelve patients. An extensive survey is made of the results of such procedure, as reported in the literature. The theoretical advantages in comparison with other kinds of extrathoracic procedures aiming at the same goal are briefly outlined.     

Stiffness of the common carotid artery in treated hypertensive patients.

Antihypertensive treatment, by lowering blood pressure and correcting functional and/or structural abnormalities of the arterial wall, may prevent the arterial damage due to the accelerated ageing process. The objective of the present study was to determine, using a cross-sectional approach, whether arterial distensibility of patients whose blood pressure had been normalized for several months by antihypertensive treatment, was significantly higher than that of untreated hypertensive patients. The properties of the vessel wall of the common carotid artery (CCA) were studied non-invasively, using an original pulsed ultrasound echo-tracking system based on Doppler shift, during a study comparing 46 normotensive subjects and 81 age-matched hypertensive patients. The latter group included 25 patients well controlled by antihypertensive treatment for at least 3 months and 56 untreated hypertensives. The three groups did not differ with respect to age, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood glucose and smoking. In each group, there were significant relationships between age and CCA dimensional and functional data, including end-diastolic diameter, absolute and relative stroke changes in diameter and Peterson modulus, indicating a widening of the CCA with advancing age and a decrease in its buffering function. When compared with untreated hypertensives, well controlled hypertensives had significantly lower blood pressure and Peterson elastic modulus according to age. However, although blood pressure of well controlled hypertensives was not significantly different from that of normotensive subjects, their arterial distensibility remained altered compared with that of normotensive subjects (significant increase in Peterson elastic modulus). These results suggest that long-term antihypertensive treatment may not fully reverse arterial lesions due to the hypertensive disease.     

Stenting of the left carotid artery to relieve anginal symptoms.

Stenting of the carotid artery is usually performed either to prevent an acute neurologic event or to treat episodes of recurrent transient ischemic attacks. Occasionally, it may be performed for other indications. We describe the case of a patient with prior coronary artery bypass grafting using a left internal mammary arterial graft, in addition to left carotid artery to left subclavian artery bypass for symptomatic left subclavian stenosis, who subsequently underwent left common carotid artery stenting to relieve anginal symptoms.     

Stenting of anomalous left carotid artery using a radial artery approach.

A 90-year-old male presented with symptomatic severe stenosis of an anomalous left carotid artery originating from the brachicephalic trunk. A previous attempt at selective cannulation of the left carotid artery was unsuccessful using a transfemoral approach. We performed successful carotid artery angioplasty and stenting using a right radial artery approach.