强啡肽原基因和多巴胺D2受体基因与精神分裂症的关系研究

目的探讨甘肃省汉族人群强啡肽原（Prodynorphin,PDYN）基因和多巴胺D2受体（dopamine D2 receptor,DRD2）基因与精神分裂症遗传易感性的关系及其相互作用对精神分裂症的影响。方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性〈PCR—RFLP）技术检测128例精神分裂症患者和124例健康对照者PDYN基因启动子区68bp可变串联重复序列（variable number tandem repeat,VNTR）多态性及DRD2基因启动子区-141位胞嘧啶插入／缺失（-141C Ins／Del）多态性的基因型和等位基因的频率。结果精神分裂症患者PDYN等位基因和基因型频率与健康对照者没有显著不同;精神分裂症患者DRD2-141C Del等位基因的频率则显著低于健康对照者;在携带DRD2-141C Del等位基因的精神分裂症患者和健康对照者中,精神分裂症患者PDYN等位基因3的频率显著高于健康对照者。结论DRD2-141C Del等位基因的降低可能与精神分裂症的遗传易感性相关,单独的PDYN基因多态性不会改变精神分裂症的危险度,但是通过与DRD2—141C Del等位基因的上位相互作用可能与这种疾病的易感性相关。     

脑源性神经营养因子基因C270T多态性与精神分裂症临床表型的关联研究

目的探讨脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）基因C270T多态性与精神分裂症临床表型的关系。方法对130例身体健康的精神分裂症患者（研究组）及144例正常人（对照组）应用聚合酶链反应、琼脂糖凝胶电泳结合溴乙锭染色技术检测脑源性神经营养因子基因C270T多态性;采用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定精神分裂症临床表型。用χ^2检验和单因素方差分析脑源性神经营养因子基因与精神分裂症临床表型的关系。结果两组BDNF基因型分布及等位基因的频率分布差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,但是患者组中C／C和C／T两组基因型患者的PANSS阴性分量表得分有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论BDNF C270T的基因多态性可能与精神分裂症易感性没有直接关系,但是,BDNF的基因变异可能与精神分裂症的病理症状有关。     

儿茶酚胺氧位甲基转移酶-287A/G基因多态性与精神分裂症的关联性研究

目的 探讨儿茶酚胺氧位甲基转移酶(COMT)基因-287A/G多态性与精神分裂症的关系.方法 纳入232例符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第四版(DSM-Ⅳ)诊断标准的精神分裂症患者和141名正常对照,采用限制性片段长度多态技术测定受试者的COMT基因-287A/G多态性.结果 COMT基因-287A/G多态性突变率为10%,患者组和正常对照组间该多态性基因型及基因频率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),按性别分层后比较结果仍同前;不同家族史患者组间的上述差异也无统计学意义;该多态性基因型在精神分裂症阳性亚型、阴性亚型、混合型和对照组中分布差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),各亚型与对照组比较差异无统计学意义,但G/G基因型在阴性亚型出现的频率是混合型的6.30倍(OR=6.300),G等位基因在阴性亚型出现的频率是混合型的1.859倍(OR=1.859).结论 COMT基因-287A/C多态性在不同亚型精神分裂症患者中存在差异,G/G基因型和G等位基因可能是精神分裂症阴性亚型的危险因素.     

精神分裂症核心家系与脑源性神经营养因子基因C270T多态性研究

目的 研究脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BNDF)基因C270T多态性与精神分裂症的关系.方法 在91个精神分裂症核心家系中,以聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性的方法对BDNF基因C270T多态性进行检测.采用单体型相对风险(haplotype relative risk,HRR)和传递不平衡检验(transmission/disequilibrium test,TDT)对精神分裂症与BDNF基因C270T多态性位点进行关联分析,以及分析该位点与阳性和阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)各因子分的关系.结果 HRR分析显示,BDNF基因C270T多态性与精神分裂症无关联(?掊 2 ＝ 3.39,P ＞ 0.05).TDT分析未发现BDNF基因C270T多态性位点在精神分裂症患者中存在传递不平衡(?掊 2 ＝ 3.2,P ＞ 0.05).携带T等位基因(CT和TT基因型)的患者阳性症状分高于未携带T等位基因(CC基因型)的患者(t ＝ -2.11,P ＝ 0.04).结论 本研究未发现BDNF基因C270T多态性和精神分裂症关联,但发现T等位基因可能与阳性症状存在关联.     

多巴胺D3受体基因多态性与精神分裂症亚型及利培酮疗效相关性分析

目的探讨多巴胺D3受体(dopamine D3 receptor,DRD3)基因第一外显子丝氨酸9甘氨酸(Ser9Gly)多态性与精神分裂症临床亚型、药物疗效的关联.方法 241 例汉族首发精神分裂症患者,采用限制性片段长度多态性(restriction fragment length polymorphism,RFLP)技术测定基因型.分析判断基因多态性与精神分裂症的临床亚型、药物疗效的关联. 结果精神分裂症各亚型Ser9Gly等位基因分布存在显著性差异(p <0.05).利培酮疗效不同的患者间Ser9Gly等位基因多态性均无显著性差异. 结论 DRD3受体基因第一外显子Ser9Gly多态性可能与精神分裂症亚型相关,而与患者对药物的反应不相关.     

神经营养素-3基因甘氨酸/谷氨酸多态性与精神分裂症的相互关系

目的 探讨上海地区汉族人群中神经营养素－３（ＮＴ－３）基因编码区第６３位甘氨酸（Ｇｌｙ）／谷氨酸（Ｇｌｕ）多态性与精神分裂症的相互关系。方法 采用病例对照研究,应用聚合酶链反应－限制性段长度多态性方法,分析上海地区８０例汉族精神分裂症患者中ＮＴ－３基因多态性的分布,并以８１名正常人作对照。结果 精神分裂症患者的ＮＴ－３Ｇｌｕ／Ｇｌｕ基因型频率（１０．００％）高于正常对照组（１。２３％;Ｐ〈０．０５     

中国南方汉族人群CYBA基因C242T多态性与精神分裂症的关联

目的 探讨中国南方汉族人群NADPH氧化酶p22phox亚基基因(CYBA)C242T多态性和精神分裂症的易感性及疾病严重程度的关联.方法 本研究利用SNaPshot技术对906例中国南方汉族人群精神分裂症患者和982名健康对照者进行CYBA基因C242T多态性检测,采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)对患者组进行精神症状严重程度评定.结果 (1)CYBA基因C242T多态性位点基因型频率和等位基因频率在精神分裂症患者和健康人群中的分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)C242T多态性位点CT+TT基因型患者PANSS量表的阴性量表分及总分高于CC基因型患者(P<0.05).结论 CYBA基因C242T多态性与中国南方汉族精神分裂症的易感性无明显关联,C242T多态性位点T突变可能会加重精神分裂症患者的阴性症状.     

脑源性神经营养因子基因C270T多态性与儿童精神分裂症的关系

目的 探讨脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)基因C270T多态性与儿童精神分裂症的关系.方法 采用病例对照研究,用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法,分析204例儿童精神分裂症患者和210名健康对照的BDNF基因C270T多态性;进行阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定,用Andremson阳性与阴性精神分裂症分型标准将患者分为阴性症状为主型(阴性组)和阳性症状为主型(阳性组).结果 ①患者组和对照组间BDNF基因C270T多态性的基因型频率差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.56,P<0.01),前者的C/T型和T/T型频率高于后者;患者组等位基因T频率显著高于对照组(χ2=24.04,P<0.01);②阴性组、阳性组、对照组3组间基因型及等位基因分布的差异均有统计学义(χ2=37.93,P<0.01;χ2=38.90,P<0.01);两两比较显示,阴性组、阳组分别与对照组比较,基因型及等位基因分布差异均有统计学义(P<0.001).③不同基因型患者组之间PANSS各因子分和总分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 BDNF C270T多态性与儿童精神分裂症有关,但与具体临床表现之间无明显的关系.     

弥漫性轴索损伤BDNF及其Val66Met基因多态性与认知功能的相关性研究

目的探讨弥漫性轴索损伤（DAI）（Ⅱ型）患者伤后1个月血清脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）水平及其Val66Met基因多态性与认知功能的关系。 方法选取晋江市医院神经外科自2015年8月至2020年8月收治的106例DAI（Ⅱ型）患者为病例组,选择同期来本院体检的105名健康体检者为对照组,采用第二版洛文斯顿作业疗法认知量表（LOTCA）、蒙特利尔评估量表中文版（MoCA）分别评估对照组和病例组伤后1个月时的认知功能;采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定2组研究对象的血清BDNF水平;聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析BDNF Val66Met基因多态性;多元逐步回归法分析病例组整体认知功能与BDNF及BDNF Val66Met基因多态性的相关性。 结果病例组伤后1个月相同基因亚型血清BDNF浓度均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;病例组Val/Val亚型血清BDNF浓度高于Val/Met、Met/Met亚型,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,而Val/Met和Met/Met亚型血清BDNF浓度比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。病例组患者3种基因亚型伤后1个月的LOTCA和MoCA评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;病例组Val/Val亚型评分高于Val/Met、Met/Met评分,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,而Val/Met和Met/Met亚型评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。DAI（Ⅱ型）整体认知水平与BDNF Val66Met基因多态性、BDNF浓度具有线性回归关系（F=11.417,P<0.001）,其具有一定的相关性（|β|=0.966、0.877;r=0.569、0.579）。 结论BDNF可影响DAI认知功能,其BDNF Val66Met基因多态性可能是影响DAI认知功能的风险因素之一。     

精神分裂症患者脑源性神经营养因子基因多态性与临床症状的关系

背景 神经发育学说是精神分裂症发病机制的研究重点,脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）在神经元发育过程中起重要作用,可能是精神分裂症的生物标志物之一。BDNF水平及其基因多态性在精神分裂症的发病机制中具有重要作用,但尚存争议。目的 分析精神分裂症患者BDNF水平与健康对照人群的差异,探讨BDNF单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）位点（rs11030101、rs2030324、rs6265）与BDNF水平的关系,并分析其与临床症状的关系,为精神分裂症的治疗提供参考。方法 采用病例对照研究,纳入2019年1月-2020年12月在中山市第三人民医院就诊的、符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》（DSM-5）精神分裂症诊断标准的55例精神分裂症患者为研究对象,同期在中山市第三人民医院工作人员和社会人群中招募健康对照组31名。使用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定精神分裂症患者的临床症状。采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA法）经酶标仪定标检测精神分裂症患者和对照组血清BDNF水平,采用聚合酶链式反应产物直接测序确定患者组和对照组BDNF的rs11030101、rs2030324、rs6265位点基因型。结果 患者组血清BDNF水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（t=-3.804,P<0.01）。临床症状方面,BDNF rs11030101位点不同基因型的患者PANSS总评分、兴奋敌对因子评分和抑郁焦虑因子评分差异均有统计学意义（t=2.022、Z=-2.696、-2.467,P<0.05或0.01）。不同位点的各基因型患者血清BDNF水平差异均无统计学意义（Z=1.483、F=2.584、0.417,P均>0.05）。结论 精神分裂症患者BDNF水平偏低。BDNF的rs11030101、rs2030324、rs6265位点多态性与血清BDNF水平水平无关,BDNF的rs11030101位点多态性可能会导致精神分裂症患者兴奋敌对、抑郁焦虑等临床症状。血清BDNF水平可能更多地取决于诊断效果而非基因多态性效应。     

Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene variants association with age at onset and therapeutic response in schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disease involving genetic and environmental factors. The frequency of structural brain abnormalities or physical anomalies supports a neurodevelopmental etiology, especially in early onset schizophrenia. Brain-Derived-Neurotrophic-Factor (BDNF) is involved in the neurodevelopment of dopaminergic (DA)-related systems and interacts with the meso-limbic DA systems, involved in the therapeutic response to antipsychotic drugs and substance abuse. In addition, BDNF promotes and maintains dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) expression. In a French Caucasian population, we found no statistical difference in allele or genotype distribution of the BDNF gene dinucleotide repeat polymorphism (166-174 bp) between the whole group of schizophrenic patients and controls. By contrast, an excess of the 172-176 bp alleles was found in patients with late onset, in neuroleptic-responding patients and in non-substance-abusing patients. BDNF gene variants thus appear to be associated with developmental features of schizophrenia. In addition, this association with good treatment responding was independent from the association found with the DRD3 Ball gene polymorphism in the same population. These results suggest an independent contribution of each gene to a treatment-sensitive form of schizophrenia.     

散发性Alzheimer病患者脑源性神经营养因子基因C270T多态性的研究

目的探讨中国汉族人群散发性Alzheimer病(SAD)患者脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)基因C270T多态性与AD发病的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术,检测55例SAD患者和80名年龄、性别匹配的健康人(正常对照组)BDNF基因C270T多态性,比较两组基因型分布和等位基因频率。结果正常对照组BDNFC270T基因型及等位基因频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg定律(χ2=0.167,P=0.682),SAD组基因型[C/C型52例(94.5%),C/T型3例(5.5%)]及等位基因频率(C97.27%,T2.73%)分布与正常对照组[C/C型74例(92.5%),C/T型6例(7.5%);C96.25%,T3.75%]比较差异无统计学意义。结论中国汉族人群BDNF基因C270T多态性与SAD的发病无明显关系。     

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF) variants and schizophrenia: an association study

Polymorphisms in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene have been suggested to be associated with schizophrenia. In a replication attempt, Swedish patients with schizophrenia (n=187) and control subjects (n=275) were assessed for four BDNF gene polymorphisms. There were no significantly different allele, genotype or haplotype frequencies between cases or controls. Neither were there any differences when schizophrenic patients were sub-divided with regard to a number of different clinical variables, although a small group of psychotic patients with prominent affective features displayed higher frequencies of the less common alleles of the Val66Met and 11757 G/C polymorphisms compared to controls. The present Swedish results do not verify previous associations between putative functional BDNF gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia. However, when combined with previous studies meta-analyses indicated that the BDNF 270 T-allele and the Val66Met homozygous state were associated with the disorder. Thus, the BDNF gene may confer susceptibility to schizophrenia. Additional studies are warranted to shed further light on this possibility.     

The monoamine oxidase B gene GT repeat polymorphism and Parkinson’s disease in a Chinese population

Monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) metabolises dopamine and activates neurotoxins known to induce parkinsonism in humans and primates. Therefore the MAOB gene (MAOB; Xp15.21-4) is a candidate gene for Parkinson's disease (PD). Longer length dinucleotide repeat sequences in a highly polymorphic GT repeat region of intron 2 of this gene showed an association with PD in an Australian cohort. We repeated this allele-association study in a population of 176 Chinese PD patients (90 men, 86 women) and 203 agematched controls (99 men, 104 women). Genomic DNA was extracted from venous blood and the polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the appropriate regions of the MAOB gene. The length of each (GT) repeat sequence was determined by 5% polyacrylamide denaturing gel electrophoresis. There was no significant difference in allele frequencies of the (GT) repeat allelic variation between patients and controls (chi2 = 2.48; df = 5, P<0.75). Therefore the longer length GT repeat alleles are not associated with PD in this Chinese population. Possible reasons for the discrepancy between Chinese and Australian populations include a different interaction between this genetic factor and environmental factors in the two populations and the possibility that the long length GT repeat alleles may represent a marker mutation, genetically linked to another susceptibility allele in whites but not in Chinese. Methodological differences in the ascertainment of cases and controls in this cohort could also explain the observed differences. Further study is required to determine whether the longer length GT repeat alleles are true susceptibility alleles in PD.     

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene C-270T and Val66Met functional polymorphisms and risk of schizophrenia: a moderate-scale population-based study and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Lines of evidence have suggested that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Two common functional polymorphisms C-270T and Val66Met within the BDNF gene were first reported by Kunugi et al. [Kunugi, H., Nanko, S., Hirasawa, H., Kato, N., Nabika, T., Kobayashi, S., 2003. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene and schizophrenia: polymorphism screening and association analysis. Schizophr. Res. 62, 281-283.] and pls expand this too: Hong et al. (2003) to be significantly associated with schizophrenia. However, subsequently several studies obtained conflicting results. METHODS: We compared the allele/genotype frequencies of the C-270T and Val66Met polymorphisms and the haplotype frequencies at the two polymorphisms in a moderate independent patient-control sample from the Han Chinese population. Two systematic meta-analyses were performed to assess the collective evidence for association across studies for each of the two polymorphisms. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found in allele or genotype or haplotype frequencies between patient and normal control subjects for either of the two polymorphisms. On the other hand, the meta-analysis of all published population-based association studies showed statistically significant evidence for heterogeneity among each of the two polymorphisms. Stratification of the studies by ethnicity of the samples yielded no significant evidence for an association with the polymorphisms in the Caucasian population (for C-270T polymorphism: pooled OR(Caucasian)=0.736, 95% CI=0.476-1.139, p=0.169; for Val66Met polymorphism: pooled OR(Caucasian)=1.027, 95% CI=0.796-1.325, p=0.835), nor in the Asian population (for C-270T polymorphism: pooled OR(Asian)=0.445, 95% CI=0.144-1.373, p=0.159; for Val66Met polymorphism: pooled OR(Asian)=0.962, 95% CI=0.820-1.128, p=0.635). CONCLUSIONS: Our population-based study and meta-analysis demonstrate that the BDNF C-270T and Val66Met polymorphisms do not play major roles in the susceptibility to schizophrenia in either Caucasian or Asian populations. But we can not rule out the possibility that other polymorphisms with the BDNF gene are involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.     

No evidence for an association between the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and schizophrenia or personality traits

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the nerve growth factor family, which plays a critical role in neurodevelopment. Based on the neurodevelopmental hypothesis, the BDNF gene has been a candidate locus for schizophrenia. In Caucasians, recent studies identified an association with the Val66Met polymorphism, which has been suggested to affect episodic memory and hippocampal function in humans. However, in other populations, the association has not been replicated. In the present study, we investigated the association between the Val66Met polymorphism of the gene and schizophrenia in 401 Japanese patients with schizophrenia and 569 controls. As a result, we did not observe a significant difference in genotypic distribution or allele frequencies between the patients and controls (chi2=0.56, df=2, p=0.76 and chi2=0.39, df=1, p=0.53, respectively). We also investigated the association between the polymorphism and personality traits in the controls; however, no significant association was observed. Thus, the present study did not provide evidence for an association between the BDNF gene and schizophrenia or personality traits in the Japanese population.     

Differences in p53 gene polymorphisms between Korean schizophrenia and lung cancer patients

The reduced incidence of cancer observed in schizophrenia patients may be related to differences in genetic background. It has been suggested that genetic predisposition towards schizophrenia is associated with reduced vulnerability to lung cancer, and p53 gene is one of the candidate genes. We tested the genetic association between schizophrenia and lung cancer by analyzing polymorphic sites in the p53 gene. Genotype and allele frequencies at two polymorphic sites in the p53 gene (BstUI and MspI restriction sites in exon 4 and intron 6, respectively) were studied in Korean schizophrenia (n=179) and lung cancer patients (n=104). Comparisons of the genotype and allele frequencies of the MspI polymorphism revealed significant differences between schizophrenia and lung cancer patients. The results suggest that the p53 polymorphism specifically found in schizophrenia patients may be associated with reduced vulnerability to lung cancer.     

Association between the T102C polymorphism of the serotonin-2A receptor gene and schizophrenia

Studies have shown an association between the T102C polymorphism of the 5HT2a receptor gene and schizophrenia. However, negative findings have also been reported. We conducted a case-control study of the T102C polymorphism in Spanish Caucasians. We compared T102C polymorphism genotypes and allele frequencies in 188 schizophrenia patients and 440 healthy controls. There were significant differences in the distribution of the three genotypes (TT, TC and CC) and in the allele frequencies in controls and schizophrenics. The C allele was more frequent in schizophrenia patients than in healthy controls. The Cochrane-Armitage test for trend indicated a significant dosage effect for schizophrenia of the risk allele (C).     

精神分裂症患者单胺氧化酶A和B基因的连锁不平衡研究

目的　探讨精神分裂症患者单胺氧化酶A(MAOA)和B(MAOB)基因间连锁不平衡。方法　采用聚合酶链反应和微卫星DNA重复序列多态性技术 ,对上海地区 82例精神分裂症患者和88名健康者作了MAOA(CA)n和MAOB(GT)n两种微卫星DNA的多态性分析。结果　 (1 )MAOA(CA)n基因座的等位基因与精神分裂症无关联 (P >0 0 5) ;(2 )MAOB(GT)n基因座中 1 76bp等位基因与精神分裂症呈正关联 ,相对危险度 (RR) =8 2 0 (χ2 =7 42 ,P <0 0 5) ;(3) 1 1 6/ 1 76单体型与精神分裂症也呈正关联 ,RR =5 39(χ2 =4 2 6 ,P <0 0 5) ;(4) 1 1 6/ 1 76单体型的连锁不平衡系数 (δ)在患者组和对照组中分别为 0 0 30 9(t=3 0 9,P <0 0 5)和 0 0 0 5 1 (t=1 0 1 ,P >0 0 5) ,患者组中δ的差异有显著性。结论　MAOB基因与精神分裂症正关联 ,而MAOA和MAOB基因间的连锁不平衡可能与精神分裂症的发病风险相关