低剂量γ射线诱导小鼠细胞不同辐射敏感株对基因突变…

作者用低剂量γ射线预照射同源但辐射敏感性不同的小鼠乳癌细胞ＳＲ－１和ＳＸ－９，观察其对随后较大剂量照射所引起ｈｐｒｔ基因突变的影响。结果，具有辐射抗性的ＳＲ－１细胞经５ｍＧｙ或１ｃＧｙ低剂量预照射后，能显著降低后３Ｇｙ照射诱发的ｈｐｒｔ基因突变频率。而ＤＮＡ双链断裂修复能力缺陷的电离辐射敏感细胞ＳＸ－９，经相同处理后，并不减轻随后的较大剂量照射所诱发的基因突变率。表明ＤＮＡ双链断裂修复缺陷的细胞，     

低剂量辐射对细胞 DNA 修复兴奋效应

目的研究低剂量电离辐射对细胞ＤＮＡ双链断裂修复及基因突变适应性的兴奋效应，并探测辐射诱导ＤＮＡ结合蛋白。方法实验用小鼠ＳＲ－１细胞，６０Ｃｏγ射线照射；用６－巯基鸟嘌呤筛选ｈｐｒｔ基因突变克隆；脉冲电场凝胶电泳检测ＤＮＡ双链断裂；Ｓｏｕｔｈｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹杂交探测ＤＮＡ结合蛋白。结果细胞受１ｃＧｙ预照射后１８小时、２４小时显著降低３Ｇｙ照射诱发的ｈｐｒｔ基因突变频率。预先受单次１ｃＧｙ照射刺激，或每天照射一次，连续１０天，显著增加３Ｇｙ照射细胞的ＤＮＡ双链断裂修复效率。１ｃＧｙ照射细胞后１６小时提取的核蛋白中，探测到损伤ＤＮＡ结合蛋白的诱导合成。结论低剂量辐射通过调节某些细胞辐射反应调控基因表达，诱导合成ＤＮＡ修复反应蛋白，增强细胞ＤＮＡ修复能力，减少基因突变的发生，提高细胞维持遗传稳定性机能。     

应用脉冲电场凝胶电泳分析X射线诱发人骨肉瘤细？…

目的 研究电离辐射诱发人骨肉瘤肿瘤细胞ＤＮＡ双链断裂与辐射损伤修复效应,观察辐射损伤、损伤修复效应敏感性之间的关系。方法 选用强制均匀电场电泳,分别测定经不同的剂量Ｘ射线照射和相同剂量照射后培养不同时间,人骨肉瘤Ｒｈｏ０和１４３．Ｂ肿瘤细胞株ＤＮＡ双链断裂。结果 （１）Ｘ射线诱发人骨肉瘤瘤细胞的ＤＮＡ双链辐射剂量呈线性正比关系;（２）培养后的人骨肉瘤肿瘤细胞对射诱发的ＤＮＡ双链断裂具有一定修复能力     

低剂量X射线照射诱导G1期阻滞的适应性反应

目的观察低剂量Ｘ射线照射能否诱导Ｇ１期细胞阻滞。方法采用碘化丙啶（ＰＩ）荧光探针标记细胞，流式细胞术（ＦＣＭ）检测并分析细胞周期。结果证实１．５ＧｙＸ射线全身照射后１２小时，小鼠胸腺细胞发生明显Ｇ１期阻滞。而０．０７５Ｇｙ低剂量预照射可明显减轻其后１．５Ｇｙ攻击剂量所致Ｇ１期阻滞。离体照射ＥＬ－４淋巴瘤细胞也得到类似结果。结论０．０７５ＧｙＸ射线照射能诱导胸腺淋巴细胞及ＥＬ－４细胞Ｇ１期阻滞的适应性反应。     

电离辐射对细胞中ADPRT的激活与诱导作用

研究了不同剂量γ线照射对小鼠ＳＲ－１细胞中ＡＤＰＲＴ活性的影响。结果表明５０Ｇｙ以上剂量照射对ＡＤＰＲＴ的催化反应有明显的激活作用，并且随照射剂量的增加而提高。此外，细胞受０．０１Ｇｙ低剂量照射之后一定时间，无论是再照射还是不照射５０Ｇｙ大剂量，所测得的ＡＤＰＲＴ活性都明显高于未受低剂量照射的细胞，表明低剂量辐射对细胞中ＡＤＰＲＴ具有诱导作用。     

0.075 Gy X射线诱导EL-4细胞凋亡及细胞周期的适应性反应

观察低剂量Ｘ射线照射能否诱导ＥＬ－４细胞凋亡及细胞周期的适应性反应。方法采用流式细胞术（ＦＣＭ）检测细胞凋亡及细胞周期。结果单纯２ＧｙＸ射线照射后１２小时ＥＬ－４细胞凋亡显著增多，并伴有明显Ｇ１阻滞；０．０７５Ｇｙ预照射可明显减轻间隔６小时后２Ｇｙ攻击剂量照射所致的细胞凋亡和Ｇ１阻滞。结论０．０７５ＧｙＸ射线离体照射可诱导ＥＬ－４细胞凋亡及Ｇ１阻滞的适应性反应     

低剂量辐射诱导肿瘤细胞动力学变化及对丝裂霉素抗肿…

目的：在低剂量照射条件下，合并化疗，以观察肿瘤细胞动力学变化。方法：应用０．０５ＧｙＸ射线对荷瘤鼠全身照射，结果：发现肿瘤细胞摄入＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ能力降低，Ｇ０／Ｇ１期细胞百分数增加，Ｓ期细胞百分数下降，Ｇ２期出现阻滞现象，且与对照组比较差异有显著性。低剂量辐射可增强丝裂霉素的化疗效果，导致肿瘤组织生长明显受抑。结论：上述结果证明：低剂量辐射可以抑制肿瘤细胞ＤＮＡ合成，诱导肿瘤细胞动力学改变，间接证     

低剂量X射线对淋巴细胞及各亚群细胞功能的刺激作用

作者在研究低剂量辐射对全淋巴细胞刺激性效应的同时，用３种单克隆抗体分离出分化抗原簇＋－４，分化抗原簇＋－８和Ｂ细胞亚群，进一步探讨了低剂量辐射对３种亚群细胞的刺激作用。结果表明，Ｐａｎｎｉｎｇ法分离的各亚群细胞的纯度及存活率均在９０％以上；全淋巴细胞在０．１Ｇｙ剂量范围内有刺激作用，尤以０．１Ｇｙ剂量点效应最大；各亚群细胞在０．２Ｇｙ照射内均有刺激性效应的发生．分化抗原簇＋－４和Ｂ细胞在０．１Ｇｙ剂量点效应最强，而分化抗原簇＋－８在０．０５Ｇｙ点效应最强；相同剂量，分化抗原簇＋－４的刺激效应大于分化抗原簇＋－８；０．５Ｇｙ照射则表现出明显的抑制作用．     

0.075Gy射线诱导EL—4细胞凋及细胞周期的适应性反应

目的 观察低剂量Ｘ射线照射能否诱导ＥＬ－４细胞凋亡及细胞周期的适应性反应。方法 采用流式细胞术（ＦＣＭ）检测细胞凋恨及细胞周期。结果 单纯２ＧｙＸ射线照射后１２小时ＥＬ－４细胞凋亡显著增多，并伴有明显Ｇ１阻滞；０．０７５Ｇｙ预照射可明显减轻间隔６小时后２Ｇｙ攻击剂量照射所致的细胞凋亡和Ｇ１阻滞。结论０．０７５Ｇｙ射线离照射可诱导ＥＬ－４细胞凋亡及Ｇ１阻滞的适应性反应。     

低剂量辐射适应性反应对辐射诱发小鼠胸腺淋巴瘤 …

目的 探讨低剂量对致癌剂量辐射诱发小鼠胸腺淋巴瘤的影响及其免疫学机理。方法 采用４次１．７５ＧｙＸ射线全身照射Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ小鼠诱发胸腺淋巴瘤模型,观察不同剂量照后６个月小鼠胸腺淋巴瘤发生率,照后１个月脾脏ＮＫ细胞毒活性、ＩＬ－２和γ－ＩＦＮ分泌活性、腹腔巨噬细胞吞洚功能及其ＴＮＦ６分泌活性以及胸腺细胞分化的变化。结果 每次１．７５Ｇｙ照射前６ｈ、１２ｈ接受２５ｍＧｙ、７５ｍＧｙ全身照射均可降你     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.