共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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BRAF基因是黑色素瘤突变率最高的基因,在黑色素瘤的发生、发展和浸润转移中发挥重要作用。BRAF基因在黑色素瘤不同临床表型、临床病理分型及不同分期间突变率存在差异,提示BRAF基因与黑色素瘤生长及预后判断有一定相关性,同时针对BRAF基因突变的分子靶向治疗已成为当前黑色素瘤治疗的新方向。 相似文献
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原发性外阴、阴道恶性黑色素瘤14例临床分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:探讨原发性外阴及阴道恶性黑色素瘤(恶黑)的临床诊治特点及影响预后的因素。方法:对我院1990年~2004年间收治的9例外阴恶性黑色素瘤及5例阴道恶性黑色素瘤的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:本组病例平均年龄55岁,发生于60岁以上者占42.9%(6/14)。14例中手术治疗12例,其他治疗2例。术后发现9例外阴恶性黑色素瘤患者腹股沟淋巴结转移6例,盆腔淋巴结转移2例;阴道恶性黑色素瘤患者盆腔淋巴结转移2例。随访4例中复发l例(Ⅲ期),转移l例(Ⅲ期),其病灶直径均大于2cm。1例Ⅳb期患者出现右下肢浮肿。另有l例I期患者术后7个月未见异常。结论:外阴及阴道恶性黑色素瘤预后不良。治疗原则应采用以手术为主的综合治疗,其预后与有无黑色素沉着,组织病理类型,生长方式,肿瘤厚度(Breslow),侵入皮肤层次(Clark),淋巴结转移情况及脉管内瘤栓等因素有关。 相似文献
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恶性黑色素瘤过去一直以手术切除和药物化疗为主要治疗手段,预后不佳.随着高通量基因测序技术的发展和对肿瘤分子机制认识的加深,人们发现肿瘤异质性和肿瘤微环境多样性影响了肿瘤的形成、耐药和治疗选择,导致了黑色素瘤患者对同种治疗方法的反应和获益不同.靶向治疗和免疫治疗的出现与进展,黑色素瘤患者的生存率显著上升,推动了黑色素瘤治... 相似文献
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胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)是一组独立起源于胃肠道间质干细胞的肿瘤,其主要发病机制是c-kit基因突变导致c-kit蛋白(CD117)活化,进而引发细胞增殖失控及凋亡抑制。目前研究显示c-kit基因的突变状态和类型不仅与GIST的恶性程度及预后密切相关,而且还是GIST对甲磺酸伊马替尼(STI571)治疗反应的预测因子,在GIST的临床诊治中具有重要意义。 相似文献
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恶性黑色素瘤的病因与色素异常有关,白种人较肤色深的人种的发病率高.恶性黑色素瘤在我国发病率较低,而无色素性恶性黑色素瘤仅占恶性黑色素瘤的15%,临床较为少见.恶性黑色素瘤的特点是恶性程度高,易发生转移,预后差.若无播散性转移,治疗可行肿瘤广泛切除术后辅助化疗和生物治疗.最近,我科收治1例白化病合并无色素性恶性黑色素瘤,报告如下. 相似文献
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目的分析Ⅲ期脉络膜黑色素瘤(CM)的临床特点、手术治疗及辅助治疗对预后的影响。方法对2010年至2017年间收治的Ⅲ期脉络膜黑色素瘤患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果14例Ⅲ期脉络膜黑色素瘤,1年无复发生存率为83.3%,3年无复发生存率为58.3%,5年无复发生存率为41.7%。12例患者发生复发转移,其中9例肝转移。除1例患者未行基因检测外,余13例患者黑色素瘤相关基因均未检测到突变。结论脉络膜黑色素瘤恶性度高,预后差,术后复发和肝转移发生率较高,基因突变发生率低。 相似文献
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恶性黑色素瘤是一种高度恶性,易转移,预后差,对化疗放疗均不敏感的恶性肿瘤。随着肿瘤免疫学、分子生物学技术的迅速发展,过继免疫治疗、生物化学治疗、肿瘤疫苗、靶向治疗以及佐剂等治疗恶性黑色素瘤的方法显示了良好的应用前景。免疫治疗已逐渐成为肿瘤综合治疗的一个重要组成部分,文章就该方面的研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
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恶性黑色素瘤是一种高度恶性,易转移,预后差,对化疗放疗均不敏感的恶性肿瘤。随着肿瘤免疫学、分子生物学技术的迅速发展,过继免疫治疗、生物化学治疗、肿瘤疫苗、靶向治疗以及佐剂等治疗恶性黑色素瘤的方法显示了良好的应用前景。免疫治疗已逐渐成为肿瘤综合治疗的一个重要组成部分,文章就该方面的研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
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In order to determine whether imatinib mesylate (Gleevec), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that binds the CD-117 (c-kit) receptor, may be of value in the treatment of malignant melanoma, an immunohistochemical analysis of 40 cases of primary and metastatic melanoma was undertaken. Thirty-five of the 40 cases showed 1+ or stronger labelling for CD-117 (up to a maximum of 4+). Three patients with neoplasms showing 4+ staining were selected for imatinib therapy. None responded. c-kit (CD-117) expression in melanoma appears to be common; however, the value of imatinib therapy remains to be proven. 相似文献
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Kiss-1基因是与人类多种恶性肿瘤发生发展相关的肿瘤转移抑制基因,在恶性肿瘤的浸润和转移过程中发挥重要作用。Kiss-1基因与黑色素瘤、乳腺癌、胃癌、食管癌及分化型甲状腺癌等恶性肿瘤的转移密切相关,但其作用机制尚未完全清楚。通过检测恶性肿瘤患者肿瘤组织中Kiss-1基因的表达情况,将有助于恶性肿瘤患者的治疗和预后评估。 相似文献
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Papaspyrou G Garbe C Schadendorf D Werner JA Hauschild A Egberts F 《Melanoma research》2011,21(6):475-482
Approximately 50% of mucosal melanomas affect the head and neck region representing approximately 9% of all malignant head and neck tumors. The pathogenesis of this disease is unknown. Mucosal melanomas are characterized by an aggressive biological behavior, leading to a 5-year survival rate of less than 25%. Data for this review were identified by searches of Medline, Current Contents, PubMed, and references from relevant articles using the terms 'mucosal melanoma,' 'head and neck melanoma,' 'c-kit mutation in melanoma,' and 'c-kit inhibitors'. Therapy aims for the complete surgical excision of the primary tumor, whereas sentinel node biopsy is not established and present data do not support the addition of radiotherapy. Mutilating operations of larger tumors should be avoided, as they do not inhibit the frequent development of distant metastasis. C-kit mutations and amplifications are found in approximately 15-30% of mucosal and acral-lentiginous melanomas. Therefore, the use of so-called targeted therapies addressing molecular structures in mucosal melanomas seem to represent new promising treatment tools. In this study, we review the literature regarding epidemiology, molecular pathology, and therapy of mucosal melanomas of the head and neck emphasizing c-kit protein inhibiting treatment modalities for tumors carrying c-kit mutations. 相似文献
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Kiss-1基因是与人类多种恶性肿瘤发生发展相关的肿瘤转移抑制基因,在恶性肿瘤的浸润和转移过程中发挥重要作用.Kiss-1基因与黑色素瘤、乳腺癌、胃癌、食管癌及分化型甲状腺癌等恶性肿瘤的转移密切相关,但其作用机制尚未完全清楚.通过检测恶性肿瘤患者肿瘤组织中Kiss-l基因的表达情况,将有助于恶性肿瘤患者的治疗和预后评估. 相似文献
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Mouriaux F Kherrouche Z Maurage CA Demailly FX Labalette P Saule S 《Melanoma research》2003,13(2):161-166
The KIT gene encodes c-kit, a transmembrane receptor that has tyrosine kinase activity and plays a role in haematopoiesis, gametogenesis and melanogenesis. The c-kit protein is found in normal cutaneous and choroidal melanocytes, and there is evidence that expression is lost in melanoma. Expression of c-kit was analysed in 57 paraffin-embedded sections of choroidal melanoma specimens and three choroidal melanoma cell lines using immunochemistry and Western blotting. Of the tumour specimens, 75% stained positively for c-kit with a membrane pattern of reactivity. Of the six patients who underwent proton beam therapy before enucleation, five tumours exhibited no c-kit immunoreactivity and the other tumour demonstrated weak staining. Of the three melanoma cell lines used, c-kit expression was observed in only one. No correlations between c-kit positivity and parameters such as cell type, largest macroscopic tumour dimension, scleral invasion or pigmentation were observed. In contrast, a significant positive association was found between c-kit staining and mitotic activity (P = 0.02). However, c-kit expression did not significantly influence survival when evaluated by univariate analysis. In conclusion, c-kit is expressed in most choroidal melanoma tumours. Further analysis should provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the molecular and cellular changes in choroidal melanomas. 相似文献