培菲康和乳果糖协同治疗儿童功能性便秘

目的探讨培菲康和乳果糖协同治疗儿童功能性便秘（Functional Constipation,FC）的疗效和不良反应。方法选择96例功能性便秘患儿,对照组采用饮食调节、训练排便习惯、每天进行适量的活动治疗;观察组在上述治疗基础上采用培菲康和乳果糖协同治疗。结果治疗组总有效率为91.7%,明显高于对照组的39.6%（P〈0.01）。结论培菲康和乳果糖协同治疗儿童FC安全、有效。     

乳果糖联合金双歧治疗小儿功能性便秘的临床观察

目的:观察乳果糖联合金双歧治疗小儿功能性便秘的疗效。方法:功能性便秘患者60例,随机分为对照组(n=30)和治疗组(n=30),对照组采用饮食调整、定时排便、适量运动的一般疗法;治疗组在上述基础上采用乳果糖和金双歧协同治疗。结果:治疗组总有效率(93.3%)明显高于对照组(76.7%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:乳果糖联合金双歧治疗小儿功能性便秘具有疗效好、用药方便等优点。     

微生态制剂和乳果糖协同治疗儿童功能性便秘分析

目的探讨微生态制剂（常乐康）和乳果糖协同治疗儿童功能性便秘的效果。方法 89例功能性便秘患儿随机分为2组,治疗组46例,对照组43例。对照组采用饮食调整、定时排便、适量运动的一般疗法;治疗组在上述基础上采用微生态制剂（常乐康）和乳果糖协同治疗。结果治疗组总有效率为93.4%,对照组总有效率为51.1%,治疗组疗效优于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论常乐康和乳果糖协同治疗功能性便秘疗效显著。     

金双歧与乳果糖协同治疗婴幼儿功能性便秘的临床观察

目的探讨金双歧和乳果糖协同治疗婴幼儿功能性便秘的效果。方法将107例惠儿随机分为两组,治疗组60例,对照组47例。对照组采用饮食调节、训练排便习惯、每天进行适量的活动治疗;治疗组在此基础上采用金双歧和乳果糖协同治疗。结果治疗组总有效率为93．33％,对照组总有效率42．55％（p〈0．01）。结论金双歧和乳果糖协同治疗婴幼儿功能性便秘安全、有效,值得临床推广使用。     

果糖口服液联合中药小儿康颗粒治疗小儿功能性便秘临床疗效观察

目的：观察应用乳果糖口服液联合中药小儿康颗粒治疗小儿功能性便秘的疗效,为临床治疗小儿功能性便秘提供更好的治疗方案。方法：将70例功能性便秘患儿随机分为两组,治疗组予乳果糖口服液加中药小儿康颗粒3周,对照组予乳果糖口服液3周,观察两组疗效,并停药4周后随诊。结果：两组患儿便秘均有明显改善,治疗组和对照组的总有效率为94．3％和77．1％,（ P＜0．05）有显著差异性,停药1月后复发率为6．1％和33．3％,（ P＜0．05）有显著差异性。结论：乳果糖口服液联合中药小儿康颗粒治疗小儿功能性便秘效果满意,复发率低。     

双歧三联活菌制剂治疗小儿功能性便秘85例临床疗效分析

目的探讨双歧三联活菌制剂治疗小儿功能性便秘的临床疗效。方法选择85例功能性便秘患儿,随机分为治疗组43例,对照组42例,治疗组在改善不良饮食习惯及排便训练等综合治疗的基础上口服双歧三联活菌制剂培菲康胶囊;对照组42例,单纯采用综合治疗。结果治疗组疗效显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论双歧三联活菌制剂培菲康胶囊治疗小儿功能性便秘临床效果显著。     

乳果糖口服溶液治疗老年功能性便秘30例疗效观察

目的:观察乳果糖口服溶液治疗老年人功能性便秘的临床疗效。方法:将60例老年功能性便秘患者随机均分为治疗组与对照组,每组30例。治疗组给予乳果糖口服溶液口服,首次服用剂量30 ml/(次·d),后改为20 ml/(次·d),均为晨起顿服;对照组给予通便灵胶囊口服6粒/(次·d),治疗2周后对两组临床疗效分别进行评估。结果:治疗2周后,两组患者的临床症状均有改善,其中治疗组总有效率为90.00%,对照组总有效率为76.6%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:乳果糖口服溶液能较通便灵胶囊更好地改善老年功能性便秘的临床症状。     

复方消化酶胶囊与乳果糖口服液联合治疗老年人功能性便秘的临床观察

目的 观察和分析复方消化酶胶囊联用乳果糖口服液与单用复方消化酶胶囊分别治疗老年人功能性便秘的疗效.方法选择 60 例老年便秘患者随机分为2 组,复方消化酶胶囊与乳果糖口服液联用组( 治疗组,n=30,复方消化酶胶囊2粒,3次/d,乳果糖口服液20ml,3次/d) 复方消化酶胶囊单用组(对照组,n=30,复方消化酶胶囊2粒,3次/d),2 组治疗疗程均为4周,观察 2组疗效.结果 治疗组的总有效率为100%,对照组的总有效率为33.3%;2组比较,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 复方消化酶胶囊与乳果糖口服液联合应用是治疗老年人慢性功能性便秘的较好方法.     

中西医结合治疗小儿腹泻临床疗效观察

目的:观察中医小儿推拿结合培菲康治疗小儿腹泻的疗效。方法:将258例腹泻患儿随机分为两组,对照组采用口服培菲康和思密达治疗,治疗组用小儿推拿结合口服培菲康治疗,对比两组治疗效果。结果:治疗组总有效率为94.6%,显著高于对照组的79.1%,仅7例因不能配合饮食调整而无效,组间治疗总有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:小儿推拿结合培菲康治疗小儿腹泻方法简单易行、经济、无不良反应、疗效显著,值得推广。     

培菲康与醒脾养儿颗粒联合应用治疗小儿病毒性腹泻病临床观察

目的观察培菲康与醒脾养儿颗粒联合应用治疗小儿病毒性腹泻病的效果。方法将280例患儿随机分为观察组130例与对照组150例，两组均给予常规处理。观察组不使用抗生素治疗。只服培菲康和醒脾养儿颗粒。结果观察组总有效率为96．2％，对照组为64．0％，两组比较，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论应用培菲康与醒脾养儿颗粒治疗小儿腹泻效果显著，值得临床推广应用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.