东莞市大学生痤疮患病率与认知状况调查

目的：了解东莞市大学生痤疮患病率与认知状况,为制定预防和干预措施提供科学依据.方法：采用分层随机抽样法对东莞市在校大学生进行抽样,用问卷调查的方式收集痤疮患病情和感染危险因素认知情况,采用SPSS16.0统计软件对数据进行统计分析.结果：东莞市大学生痤疮危险因素知晓率为24.75％（202/816）,患病率为37.82％（253/669）;男生患病率高于女生,差异比较不具有统计学意义（x2 =2.42,P＞0.05）,不同年级、学科和生源大学生痤疮危险因素知晓率和患病率差异比较均具有统计学差异;大学生痤疮患病率其痤疮感染危险知晓率呈明显负相关（r=-0.896）.结论：东莞市大学生痤疮患病率较高,感染危险因素知晓率较低.加强大学生痤疮健康教育和提高对痤疮危险因素的认知度可能是降低痤疮患病率的有效途径.     

护理及临床医学专业大学生肠易激综合征现状调查

目的:了解护理和临床医学专业在校大学生肠易激综合征(IBS)的现状.方法:采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取某大学护理及临床医学专业的大学生,应用自制问卷调查表(根据IBS罗马Ⅲ标准以及有关生活习惯相关因素制定)进行问卷调查.结果:共分析1934人,其中男生患病率26.6%(110/414),女生患病率33.6%(511/1520),女生高于男生(χ2=7.415,P=0.006).男女IBS型别构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.764,P=0.002),男生以混合型为主,女生混合型和便秘型比例均很高.与非IBS女生比较,IBS女生身高较高(t=2.358,P=0.018),每日睡眠时间较短(t=2.259,P=0.024),减肥经验百分比较高(χ2=15.891,P<0.001).结论:护理和临床医学专业大学生IBS的患病与生活习惯关系密切,尤其是女生,要注意指导学生健康的生活方式.     

2008-2012年某高校学生肺结核患病情况调查分析

目的：调查某大学大学生肺结核的患病情况,为加强高校肺结核的防控工作提供依据.方法：对该校2008-2012年的入学新生（包括本科生及研究生）进行体检,对疑似患者经进一步检查而明确分析.结果：该校在校大学生肺结核的患病率低于新生肺结核的患病率,两者比较差异有统计学意义;在校大学生肺结核的患病率比较差异无统计学意义.结论：通过采取群体防治措施后,该校肺结核的患病情况得到了一定程度的控制.     

在校大学生颞下颌关节紊乱病患病状况调查

目的了解在校大学生颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）发病情况,探究其致病的相关因素。方法对遵义医学院1254名在校大学生进行调查。结果男生患病率为44.84%,女生患病率32.01%,男生患病率明显高于女生;异常者患病率明显高于正常者;不良习惯、精神心理障碍者TMD罹患率高。结论 TMD好发于青年人,、不良习惯及精神心理因素与TMD的发生密切相关。     

在校学生考试前后颞下颌关节紊乱病流行病学调查

目的　通过对在校学生考试前、后颞下颌关节紊乱病 (TMD)的流行病学调查 ,探讨紧张心理、精神压抑对TMD发病的影响。　方法　采用问卷式调查学生的心理、情绪状态和TMD症状 ,对有TMD症状者进行临床检查和分析比较。　结果　临考前 ,心理紧张、情绪不稳定学生中 ,TMD患病率较高 ,为4 3.31% ;而平稳心理情绪学生中则患病率低 ,为 4 .6 9% ,两者有显著性差异 (χ2 =2 0 2 .14 ,P <0 .0 1)。临考前与寒假后TMD患病率分别为 2 8.93%、10 .2 2 % ,两者比较有显著性差异 (u =11.5 6 ,P <0 .0 1)。　结论　在校学生的心理情绪因素是TMD发病的重要因素之一。     

某部驻岛官兵的社交焦虑状况及与人格特征的相关性调查

目的 探讨某部驻岛官兵的社交焦虑状况及其与人格特征的相关性.方法 用社交回避及苦恼量表(SAD)和艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)对289名驻岛官兵进行测评,数据应用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析.结果 驻岛官兵社交回避(SA)分值低于国内大学生(P＜0.01),社交苦恼(SD)分值高于潜艇官兵(P＜0.05).不同军龄(≤2年、＞2年且≤5年、＞5年且≤8年、＞8年)驻岛官兵在SAD得分上差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),军龄＞2年且≤5年的官兵社交焦虑状况最为明显;驻岛官兵在SA及SD得分上与EPQ的4个个性维度(精神质、内外向、神经质、掩饰)均有相关性(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 塑造外向、稳定的个性特质将有助于改善驻岛官兵的社交焦虑状况.     

高龄老年糖尿病合并甲状腺结节相关性因素分析

目的 探讨高龄2型糖尿病(年龄≥80岁)患者甲状腺结节患病情况及其相关性.方法 选取高龄老年糖尿病患者(糖尿病组)和高龄非糖尿病者(对照组)各103例,通过采集病史和检测空腹血糖、甲状腺激素及甲状腺彩超等结果,比较两组人群甲状腺结节特点并分析与其他指标间的相关性.结果 (1)糖尿病组甲状腺结节的患病率(84.47％)明显高于对照组(70.59 ％),且糖尿病组甲状腺多发结节比率较高,达80.46％;是否患甲状腺结节与年龄相关(x2=7.060,P＜0.05),与性别、体质指数及血糖水平无明显相关.(2)糖尿病组的甲状腺功能异常阳性率为15.53％,高于对照组6.80％ (P＜0.05).其中亚临床甲减患病率在糖尿病组和对照组间分布无统计学差异.糖尿病组的甲状腺功能T3、T4水平均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平在两组间无统计学差异.结论 高龄老年糖尿病患者甲状腺疾病患病率较高,可能会影响糖尿病控制和预后,应定期筛查并随访高龄糖尿病人群的甲状腺功能和形态学改变.     

伴颞下颌关节紊乱病的成人正畸患者的人格特征

探讨伴颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）的成人正畸患者的人格特征,为正畸临床诊治此类患者提供参考依据。方法：采用艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）对42例伴TMD的成人正畸患者（实验组）,50例无正畸需求的伴TMD的成人错牙合畸形人群（对照组）进行测试,测试结果进行t检验。结果：EPQ人格因素问卷测量显示伴TMD的成人正畸患者N量表（神经质）和P量表（精神质）与对照组存在统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论：伴颞下颌关节紊乱病的成人正畸患者倾向于神经质和精神质的人格特征。     

社区居民高尿酸血症及危险因素的分析

目的:了解社区居民中老年高尿酸血症(Hum)的发病及其与伴发疾病的相关性.方法:对社区2160名年龄在45岁以上的进行常规体检.结果:社区居民Hum总体患病率13.61%,男性患病率15.43%,女性患病率10.26%.男性明显高于女性(P＜0.05).其中Hum伴发三高症的患病率明显高于正常组(P＜0.01).Hum患病与高血糖有相关性(P＜0.01),与高血压有相关性(P＜0.01),与高血脂有相关性(P＜0.05),发现Hum的患病与肥胖(超重)有相关性(P＜0.01),与冠心病有相关性(P＜0.01),与脂肪肝有相关性(P＜0.05).结论:提出社区预防模式,防治Hum及其相关疾病,减低其伴发的各种疾病的危害.     

医学院校贫困大学生罹患心理障碍的相关因素分析

目的：研究高校贫困大学生发生心理障碍的相关因素,为建设和谐校园、预防贫困生心理障碍的发生提供参考。方法：随机选择我校在校贫困大学生750人,其中男384名,女366人,采用自评症状量表（SCL-90）进行测评,根据其得分情况分成研究组和对照组,对全部学生分别采取自我和谐量表和艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）进行测评。结果：研究组和对照组在自我和谐量表（t=45.37,35.20,12.46;P〈0.01）和EPQ（t=51.44,49.76;P〈0.01）的测查结果具有统计学差异。结论：自我失和谐和人格方面的特质是贫困大学生出现心理障碍的危险因素。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.