MSCT对结肠Crohn病的诊断价值

目的:探讨MSCT对结肠Crohn病的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析经内镜、手术及病理证实的39例结肠Crohn病患者的MSCT影像学表现。结果:39例中多节段病变30例(76.9%),单独大肠受累4例(10.3%)、大肠伴小肠受累35例(89.7%)。大肠病变累及盲肠31例(79.5%)、升结肠26例(66.7%)、横结肠17例(43.6%)、降结肠10例(25.6%)、乙状结肠16例(41.0%)、直肠6例(15.4%)。MSCT征象:肠壁增厚、强化增加、肠壁分层、肠腔狭窄、肠壁脓肿、肠系膜血管增多("梳征")、病变肠管周围纤维脂肪增多、蜂窝织炎、腹腔脓肿和炎性肿块、肛周病变、瘘管/窦道、系膜淋巴结肿等。肠管增厚、肠壁分层、强化增加、肠壁内脓肿、病变肠管周围蜂窝织炎、"梳征"等可提示病变处在活动期。结论:结肠Crohn病易累及盲、升结肠,MSCT表现有一定特征性,MSCT在显示肠壁病变及肠腔外并发症以及判断病变是否在活动期具有优势。     

The value of multi-slice CT in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease of colon

目的:探讨MSCT对结肠Crohn病的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析经内镜、手术及病理证实的39例结肠Crohn病患者的MSCT影像学表现.结果:39例中多节段病变30例(76.9％),单独大肠受累4例(10.3％)、大肠伴小肠受累35例(89.7％).大肠病变累及盲肠31例(79.5％)、升结肠26例(66.7％)、横结肠17例(43.6％)、降结肠10例(25.6％)、乙状结肠16例(41.0％)、直肠6例(15.4％).MSCT征象:肠壁增厚、强化增加、肠壁分层、肠腔狭窄、肠壁脓肿、肠系膜血管增多(“梳征”)、病变肠管周围纤维脂肪增多、蜂窝织炎、腹腔脓肿和炎性肿块、肛周病变、瘘管/窦道、系膜淋巴结肿等.肠管增厚、肠壁分层、强化增加、肠壁内脓肿、病变肠管周围蜂窝织炎、“梳征”等可提示病变处在活动期.结论:结肠Crohn病易累及盲、升结肠,MSCT表现有一定特征性,MSCT在显示肠壁病变及肠腔外并发症以及判断病变是否在活动期具有优势.     

X线、CT小肠造影诊断小肠Crohn病的价值

目的 探讨X线和多层螺旋CT小肠造影对小肠Crohn病的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析并对照经内镜、手术、病理证实,且在间隔1个月内(1～30 d,平均8 d)同时行X线和多层螺旋CT小肠造影的23例小肠Crohn病的影像学表现.结果 23例小肠Crohn病的X线表现为:多节段病变18例(78%)、黏膜增粗22例(96%)、线形溃疡17例(74%)、卵石征16例(70%)、肠腔狭窄14例(61%)、假憩室样改变6例(26%)、瘘管/窦道6例(26%)、肿块/脓肿2例(9%).CT小肠造影表现为:多节段病变19例(83%)、肠壁增厚23例(100%)、强化增加22例(96%)、肠壁分层14例(61%)、蜂窝织炎16例(70%)、肠系膜血管增多("梳征")12例(52%)、肠腔狭窄9例(39%)、窦道/瘘管7例(30%)、病变肠管周围纤维脂肪增多7例(30%)、脓肿和炎性肿块5例(22%)、假憩室4例(17%)、多发淋巴结肿17例(74%).X线显示黏膜病变22例,CT小肠造影显示肠壁病变23例,CT较X线显示了更多的Crohn病相关的肠腔外病变.结论 X线和CT小肠造影两者结合有利于对小肠Crohn病的正确诊断,及时发现并发症.     

Crohn病的多层螺旋CT小肠造影征象分析

目的分析Crohn病的多层螺旋CT小肠造影(multislice computer tomography enterography,MSCTE)影像征象,并讨论其对该病的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析28例经内镜、手术、病理证实的Crohn病的MSCTE影像学资料,全部患者行CT平扫和动脉期、静脉期增强扫描,并行MPR、厚层MIP等重建。结果 28例中单纯小肠受累(9/28),小肠-结肠同时受累(16/28),单独结肠受累(3/28),病变以累及回肠末端最为常见(20/28)。MSCTE表现:肠壁增厚(28/28),肠壁厚度4.5~23.2mm;增强扫描肠壁分层状强化(19/28),均匀强化(9/28),肠腔狭窄(15/28),肠系膜淋巴结增大(19/28),病变肠管周围肠系膜血管增多(15/28);MSCTE表现肠壁增厚、分层状强化、肠系膜脂肪渗出性改变、血管增多(梳征)等征象可提示克罗恩病(CD)病变处于活动期。结论 MSCTE是一种诊断Crohn病较敏感的非侵入性成像方法,可同时显示肠壁及肠腔外病变,且对CD的活动性评估具有一定优势,可作为该病首选的影像诊断方法。     

螺旋CT及重组技术对小肠Crohn病的诊断价值

目的：探讨小肠Crohn病的CT表现。方法：回顾性分析经病理证实的8例Crohn病的CT扫描及后处理图像,分析病变肠管的数量、部位、肠壁的厚度和增强后病变肠壁的强化及并发症（蜂窝组织炎、炎性肿块、脓肿和瘘管）。结果：CT及后处理图像均能显示小肠Crohn病的病变肠段,敏感度为100%,8例共显示27段炎症肠壁。小肠Crohn病的CT表现：增强后所有病变肠段肠壁均有强化,25个病变肠段（92%）肠壁增厚,病变累及第6组小肠（回肠远段）8例,累及第5组（回肠中段）、第4组（回肠近段）、第3组（空肠远段）和第2组小肠（空肠近段）者分别7例、3例、2例和2例,累及回盲部3例,广泛累及结肠2例,8例均同时累及2组及2组以上小肠并呈节段性分布。肠系膜血管改变5例（62%）,肠管周围蜂窝织炎3例,炎性肿块2例,腹腔脓肿形成1例,未见瘘管形成。结论：螺旋CT及后处理技术是诊断小肠Crohn病的一种敏感的检查方法,并可判断病变的活动性,对指导临床治疗具有重要意义。     

小肠Crohn病的多层螺旋CT诊断价值

目的探讨小肠Crohn病的多层螺旋CT(MSCT)诊断价值。资料与方法回顾性分析经病理证实的35例小肠Crohn病的MSCT表现,分析病变肠管的数量、部位、肠壁厚度、增强后的强化特点及并发症。结果 MSCT均能显示小肠Crohn病的病变肠段,敏感性为100%。35例中共显示112段炎症肠壁,病变累及第6组小肠(回肠远段)35例,累及第5组、第4组、第3组、第2组分别为29例、16例、7例、4例,累及回盲部25例,广泛累及结肠4例。所有病例均表现为肠壁增厚,增强扫描显示病变肠壁有较明显强化,呈分层状或均一强化。肠系膜血管增生及"梳样征"21例,肠管周围蜂窝织炎13例,炎性肿块1例,瘘管2例,不全梗阻4例。结论 MSCT检查是小肠Crohn病的一种敏感的检查方法,小肠Crohn病的CT表现有一定特征性,可判断病变的活动性及疾病的发展阶段,对指导临床治疗具有重要意义。     

X线、CT和MRI对小肠Crohn病诊断价值的评价

目的:探讨X线、CT和MRI对小肠Crohn病的诊断价值及其限度.材料和方法:分析经肠镜、手术和病理诊断的26例小肠Crohn病的X线、CT和MRI表现,其中X线小肠灌肠13例,CT小肠造影15例,MRI检查13例(其中小肠MRI水成像和注气小肠灌肠分别为7例和6例),同时行X线小肠灌肠和CT检查7例,行X线小肠灌肠和MRI检查8例,行CT和MRI检查2例.结果:13例小肠Crohn病的X线表现为多个节段性病变12例(92%),线形溃疡11例(85%),卵石征11例(85%),瘘管形成4例,不对称性病变伴假憩室样改变3例,误诊为肠管外炎性肿块和脓肿3例.15例CT小肠造影表现为肠壁增厚15例(100%),强化增加13例(87%),多节段性病变13例(87%),肠管周围蜂窝织炎11例(73%),脓肿和炎性肿块5例,瘘管形成3例.13例MRI表现为肠壁强化增加13例(100%),肠壁增厚12例(92%),多节段性病变11例(85%),肠管周围蜂窝织炎9例(69%),炎性肿块6例,瘘管2例.CT和MRI均未显示肠壁线形溃疡和卵石征.结论:X线小肠灌肠易于显示小肠Crohn病线形溃疡和卵石征的特征性改变,对小肠Crohn病的初次诊断具有重要价值,但难以明确显示肠管外炎性肿块和脓肿;CT和MRI均难以显示肠壁线形溃疡和卵石征,但可明确显示病变肠壁及其周围并发症,对于指导临床治疗以及评价临床疗效具有重要价值.     

MSCT Diagnosis of Crohn' s Disease of the Small Intestine

目的 探讨小肠Crohn病的多层螺旋CT(MSCT)诊断价值.资料与方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的35例小肠Crohn病的MSCT表现,分析病变肠管的数量、部位、肠壁厚度、增强后的强化特点及并发症.结果 MSCT均能显示小肠Crohn病的病变肠段,敏感性为100％.35例中共显示112段炎症肠壁,病变累及第6组小肠(回肠远段)35例,累及第5组、第4组、第3组、第2组分别为29例、16例、7例、4例,累及回盲部25例,广泛累及结肠4例.所有病例均表现为肠壁增厚,增强扫描显示病变肠壁有较明显强化,呈分层状或均一强化.肠系膜血管增生及“梳样征”21例,肠管周围蜂窝织炎13例,炎性肿块1例,瘘管2例,不全梗阻4例.结论 MSCT检查是小肠Crohn病的一种敏感的检查方法,小肠Crohn病的CT表现有一定特征性,可判断病变的活动性及疾病的发展阶段,对指导临床治疗具有重要意义.     

克罗恩病的MDCT小肠造影

目的:分析克罗恩病(CD)的CT小肠造影(CTE)特征,探讨CTE在CD诊断中的价值.方法:回顾性研究2005年6月～2008年6月在我院经临床、影像学、肠镜、手术和病理检查确诊为克罗恩病的患者66例(研究组),所有患者皆符合WHO关于CD的诊断标准;选择2007年6月～2008年6月在我院行CTE检查,临床及影像学诊断胃肠道系统无明显病变且排除恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病、肝硬化、心功能衰竭、精神病以及碘过敏的患者20例作为对照组.分析每一病灶的部位、肠壁厚度、肠壁增厚模式、肠腔狭窄、肠管直径、强化特点、并发症及周围脏器受累情况,并结合MDCT重建图像作出诊断.CT值及肠壁厚度均测量2次取平均值.数据分析应用SPSS 11.5统计软件进行分析.结果:克罗恩病最常见的病变部位为回肠(80.3%),最常见的影像学表现是肠壁增厚(95.5%).CTE检查除了能显示肠壁增厚及肠腔狭窄外,还可清晰显示病变肠管周围的并发症,包括肠系膜水肿及增厚、肠系膜淋巴结增生、蜂窝织炎、腹腔脓肿、窦道和窦管形成.66.7%患者可见梳征,有梳征的患者多为A型或B型肠壁增厚(65.9%),而无梳征患者多为C型或D型肠壁增厚(78.9%)(P<0.01),提示梳征与疾病活动度相关.结论:CT小肠造影对克罗恩病的诊断、活动性判断及并发症诊断具有独到的优越性,可作为首选的影像学检查方法,同时还应结合临床症状、肠镜检查以及传统的钡剂小肠造影以正确、完整诊断CD.     

MSCT小肠造影对克罗恩病的诊断价值

目的 :探讨MSCT小肠造影(multislice computer tomography enterography,MSCTE)对克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease,CD)的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析42例有临床最终诊断并行MSCTE检查的CD患者,对其影像表现进行分析。结果:42例中,单纯累及小肠34例,单纯累及结肠2例,小肠-结肠同时累及6例,病变以末端回肠累及最常见,为37例。MSCTE表现:肠壁增厚42例,肠腔狭窄37例,假性憩室形成4例,肠壁分层强化39例,肠壁均匀一致强化3例,肠系膜水肿、渗出28例,肠系膜血管呈"梳齿状"改变33例,肠系膜淋巴结增大29例,肠管周围蜂窝织炎、脓肿形成3例,内篓2例。结论:MSCTE对CD活动早期、活动期、慢性期及并发症的表现具有较高的特征性,可作为诊断及随访该病的首选影像学检查方法。     

MSCT小肠造影与双气囊小肠镜在小肠疾病诊断中的价值

目的：比较和探讨MSCT小肠造影与双气囊小肠镜（DBE）检查在小肠疾病诊断中的临床应用价值。方法：对临床高度怀疑小肠疾病的42例患者分别行小肠造影MSCT扫描和DBE检查,结合内窥镜活检病理检查,比较两者对小肠疾病的检出率和诊断的准确性。结果：42例中MSCT小肠造影发现病变32例,DBE检查发现病变33例,检查阳性率分别为76.2%和78.5%。其中小肠癌12例（其中1例因病变范围较小CT漏诊）,淋巴瘤6例,小肠Crohn病9例,小肠间质瘤4例,小肠血管瘤1例,小肠结核1例,阴性9例。结论：MSCT小肠造影与DBE检查都是小肠疾病较好的检查方法,两种方法在诊断小肠疾病时可以优势互补,对小肠疾病的术前定位、定性以及鉴别诊断具有较高的临床应用价值。     

口服甘露醇低张小肠造影诊断小肠淋巴瘤的价值

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT小肠造影(MSCTE)双期动态增强扫描在小肠淋巴瘤中的应用价值.方法 对22例经病理证实的小肠淋巴瘤患者行MSCTE双期动态增强扫描,并在ADW4.2工作站进行后处理.分析小肠淋巴瘤的发病部位、形态、强化方式、淋巴结和供血血管的显示率等特征.结果 22例NHL小肠淋巴瘤中,十二指肠4例,空肠6例,回肠12例,位于末端回肠6例.门脉期CT值平均增高32 HU,12例表现为浸润溃疡型,动脉瘤样扩张型有8例,息肉样肿块型4例.15例肠系膜见多发的淋巴结肿大,MPR重建后6例见来源于肠系膜动脉的供血动脉.MscTE对小肠淋巴瘤的定位、定性与术后病理符合率分别为95.5%和91%.结论 MSCTE在小肠淋巴瘤的诊断中的应用价值较大,大大提高了病灶的检出率.     

The relationship between the radiological and clinical features in patients with Crohn's disease

A study has been made of 93 Japanese patients with Crohn's disease who had not undergone bowel resection at the time of diagnosis during the years 1969 to 1983. Ninety had longitudinal ulcers or a cobblestone appearance or both of the small intestine or colon or both on double contrast barium examination. The incidence of longitudinal ulcers in the small intestine was significantly higher than in the colon (P less than 0.001). Conversely the incidence of cobblestoning was higher in the colon than in the small intestine (P = 0.065). In patients with longitudinal ulceration, there was significantly lower Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI), ESR, and C-reactive protein. Patients with cobblestoning had a significantly higher CDAI, ESR and C-reactive protein, and significantly lower values of albumin, cholesterol in serum, serum iron, haemoglobin, and relative body weight. Our findings indicate that cobblestoning closely correlates with the disease activity of Crohn's disease, and that longitudinal ulceration has a negative correlation. Moreover, our results suggest that the high incidence of cobblestoning and low incidence of longitudinal ulcers in the colon and the reverse in the small intestine reflects the fact that colonic involvement renders the disease more severe than small intestine involvement only.     

多层螺旋CT肠道成像的临床研究

目的 探讨口服2.5%等渗甘露醇多层螺旋CT肠道成像(MSCTE)的优势及其临床价值.方法 40例临床怀疑为小肠肿瘤疾病者采用完全随机法分为2组,分别行常规法与改良法CT小肠MSCTE,对比2种方法观察6段小肠(1段为十二指肠,2段为空肠近段,3段为空肠远段,4、5、6段为回肠)的管腔扩张度及管壁厚度.20例临床怀疑胃肠道疾病患者行全胃肠CT成像检查.对胃肠道管腔扩张度评分及管壁厚度采用x2检验和t检验进行比较.结果 胃、回肠及各组大肠肠壁厚度分别为(2.56±0.52)、(1.41±0.15)、(1.46±0.13)、(1.91±0.25)、(1.97±0.26)、(2.01±0.19)、(2.04±0.24)和(2.05±0.18)mm.改良法MSCTE对2、3段(空肠近段和远段)小肠肠壁、肠腔及黏膜皱襞的显示效果明显优于常规法(P值均＜0.05),2种方法对1、4、5、6组(十二指肠和回肠)小肠肠壁、肠腔及黏膜皱襞的显示效果差异无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).全胃肠CT成像对十二指肠及空肠充盈稍差,胃、回肠及大肠均充分充盈,胃肠道管腔、管壁及黏膜皱襞显示清晰.结论 改良法小肠MSCTE对空肠充盈效果更好,全胃肠CT成像能一次性使胃、小肠及大肠均较好的充盈,拓展了MSCTE的诊断范围.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the value and usefulness of optimized multislice CT enterography (MSCTE) with orally administered isosmotic mannitol (2. 5%) as negative contrast in demonstrating the small bowel and its abnormality. Methods Forty patients suspected of intestinal tumors were randomly divided into two groups and underwent conventional or optimized MSCTE. The expansion degree of bowel lumen and the thickness of bowel wall were evaluated for the six segments of the small intestine. The other 20 patients suspected of gastrointestinal diseases underwent gastrointestinal CT imaging.The expansion degree of bowel lumen and the wall thickness of bowel wall were statistically analyzed with Chi-Square test and t test. Results The wall thickness of the stomach, ileum and colon were (2. 56 ±0.52) ,(1.41 ±0. 15),(1.46 ±0. 13),(1.91 ±0. 25), (1.97 ±0.26),(2.01 ±0. 19), (2. 04 ±0.24)and (2. 05 ±0. 18)mm. Optimized method was superior to conventional method in the expansion degree of the second and third segments of the small intestine (P ＜ 0. 05) . There was no significant differences between two groups in the expansion degree and depiction of mucosa for the other segments of small intestine (P ＞ 0. 05). The gastrointestinal CT imaging was poor in the depiction of the duodenum and jejunum, but stomach, ileum and colon were fully illustrated. Conclusion Optimized MSCTE was superior to conventional method in demonstrating the small bowel, and gastrointestinal CT imaging can expand diagnostic scope because of good observation of whole gastrointestinal tract.     

Radiographic appearances in Crohn's disease. II. The course as reflected at repeat radiography

The course and distribution of the lesions in 174 patients with Crohn's disease were evaluated from preoperative films. In the small intestine the course was locally progressive. Colonic disease involved either the right hemicolon or the entire colon. Fluctuations of mucosal lesions were common and could explain the radiographic finding of segmental and left-sided colitis. Variations in the anatomy of the lymphatic system could explain the varying distribution of the lesions.     

口服甘露醇CT小肠造影诊断常见小肠肿瘤的临床应用研究

目的总结口服甘露醇CT小肠造影(MSCTE)对常见小肠肿瘤的诊断价值及其临床意义。方法选取口服等渗甘露醇溶液、肌注654-2后行CT小肠造影检查的受检者中经手术及小肠镜病理证实的71例小肠肿瘤患者作为研究对象,分析常见小肠肿瘤的影像学特征。结果 71例小肠肿瘤中,间质瘤(34例)、淋巴瘤(15例)、腺癌(10例)位于前三位,定位及定性准确率分别为98.6%和90.1%。结论口服甘露醇CT小肠造影对小肠原发性肿瘤的诊断具有重要价值,有助于小肠原发肿瘤诊断及鉴别诊断,具有重要临床价值。     

Barium examinations of the small intestine and the colon in inflammatory bowel disease

PURPOSE: This article gives an overview of the possibilities of conventional radiography in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease of the small intestine and colon. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For more than 25 years we examine the small bowel employing enteroclysis with barium and methylcellulose and the colon with the usual double-contrast method. In the last 152 months 1560 small bowel enemas were performed. In the last 40 months 410 examinations of the colon were performed. RESULTS: There is a thirty percent decrease in enteroclysis examinations within the past 5 years,however, the rate of examinations with positive results increased from 46 to 57%.The proportion of the inflammatory small intestinal diseases (not only Crohn's disease) remained constant with 18%.Concerning the examinations of the colon for inflammatory disease we confirmed the diagnosis in seven cases.The radiation exposure for the enteroclysis in inflammatory diseases was 7 mSv, for colon examinations 14 mSv. CONCLUSION: Barium examinations, especially of the stomach and colon are decreasing in frequency.Therefore the art of performance and interpretation might get lost.Enteroclysis, however, is still the method of reference for the other imaging methods.The advantages compared to the other imaging methods are the excellent presentation of the details of the mucosal surface and the observation of functional disorders.     

Prospective comparison of MR enteroclysis with multidetector spiral-CT enteroclysis: interobserver agreement and sensitivity by means of "sign-by-sign" correlation

Our objective was a prospective comparison of MR enteroclysis (MRE) with multidetector spiral-CT enteroclysis (MSCTE). Fifty patients with various suspected small bowel diseases were investigated by MSCTE and MRE. The MSCTE was performed using slices of 2.5 mm, immediately followed by MRE, obtaining T1- and T2-weighted sequences, including gadolinium-enhanced acquisition with fat saturation. Three radiologists independently evaluated MSCTE and MRE searching for 12 pathological signs. Interobserver agreement was calculated. Sensitivities and specificities resulted from comparison with pathological results (n=29) and patient's clinical evolution (n=21). Most pathological signs, such as bowel wall thickening (BWT), bowel wall enhancement (BWE) and lymphadenopathy (ADP), showed better interobserver agreement on MSCTE than on MRE (BWT: 0.65 vs 0.48; BWE: 0.51 vs 0.37; ADP: 0.52 vs 0.15). Sensitivity of MSCTE was higher than that of MRE in detecting BWT (88.9 vs 60%), BWE (78.6 vs 55.5%) and ADP (63.8 vs 14.3%). Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed significantly better sensitivity of MSCTE than that of MRE for each observer (p=0.028, p=0.046, p=0.028, respectively). Taking the given study design into account, MSCTE provides better sensitivity in detecting lesions of the small bowel than MRE, with higher interobserver agreement. Electronic Publication     

Magnetic resonance enteroclysis in the diagnosis of small-intestinal Crohn's disease: diagnostic accuracy and inter- and intra-observer agreement

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and inter- and intra-observer agreement of magnetic resonance enteroclysis (MRE) in patients with or without Crohn's disease of the small intestine.

Material and Methods: 60 consecutive patients with or without Crohn's disease examined with MRE were included. Two observers independently reviewed the MRE examinations, searching for 12 pathological signs. The reference standard was ileoscopy or surgery of the terminal ileum performed in 41 patients.

Results: Crohn's disease of the small intestine was found in 24 (40%) patients. MRE findings of increased intestinal wall thickness, intestinal wall enhancement, intestinal wall ulcer, and inflammatory activity of the terminal ileum showed high sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. Intestinal stenosis had sensitivities ranging from 43% to 100%, depending on the cut-off value. Inter- and intra-observer agreement was good or excellent for most pathological signs. However, observer agreement of intestinal wall edema was only fair and moderate.

Conclusion: MRE evaluated Crohn's disease with a high diagnostic accuracy in the terminal ileum. Most MRE variables were evaluated with good or excellent observer agreement, indicating that the method was highly reproducible. Our study supports the notion that MRE is an appropriate method for diagnosing Crohn's disease.